Western States Endurance Run: Difference between revisions
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The Western States 100 is one of the five 100-mile races that comprise the [[Grand Slam of Ultrarunning]], which also includes the Old Dominion 100 in Virginia, the [[Vermont 100 Mile Endurance Run]], the [[Wasatch Front 100 Mile Endurance Run]] in Utah, and the [[Leadville Trail 100]] in Colorado. One of the more prestigious ultramarathons in the world, it is a qualifier for the [[Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc|UTMB World Series]], although the UTMB organization has a major competing race in the same area with a similar course, called "Canyons Endurance Runs by UTMB". |
The Western States 100 is one of the five 100-mile races that comprise the [[Grand Slam of Ultrarunning]], which also includes the Old Dominion 100 in Virginia, the [[Vermont 100 Mile Endurance Run]], the [[Wasatch Front 100 Mile Endurance Run]] in Utah, and the [[Leadville Trail 100]] in Colorado. One of the more prestigious ultramarathons in the world, it is a qualifier for the [[Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc|UTMB World Series]], although the UTMB organization has a major competing race in the same area with a similar course, called "Canyons Endurance Runs by UTMB". |
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==History== |
== History == |
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The course was first attempted on foot by twenty soldiers from Fort Riley, Kansas during the 1972 [[Tevis Cup]] horse ride event. Because the Tevis Cup imposed a 24-hour time limit, the soldiers started one day before the horses. Seven completed the 100.2 miles, and it was subsequently reported as the first "Auburn Endurance March".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/151102453/|title=Seven Finish Trail Ride|date=August 3, 1972|work=Reno-Gazette Journal}}</ref> In 1974, Gordy Ainsleigh became the first to complete the course in under 24 hours, arriving in Auburn in twenty-three hours and forty-two minutes. In 1976, Ken “Cowman” Shirk became the second to complete the distance, though 30 minutes over the 24-hour mark. |
The course was first attempted on foot by twenty soldiers from Fort Riley, Kansas during the 1972 [[Tevis Cup]] horse ride event. Because the Tevis Cup imposed a 24-hour time limit, the soldiers started one day before the horses. Seven completed the 100.2 miles, and it was subsequently reported as the first "Auburn Endurance March".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/151102453/|title=Seven Finish Trail Ride|date=August 3, 1972|work=Reno-Gazette Journal}}</ref> In 1974, Gordy Ainsleigh became the first to complete the course in under 24 hours, arriving in Auburn in twenty-three hours and forty-two minutes. In 1976, Ken “Cowman” Shirk became the second to complete the distance, though 30 minutes over the 24-hour mark. |
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In 2017, a wait list was implemented with replacement runners selected from the list to ensure that the 369 allowable starting spots were completely filled. |
In 2017, a wait list was implemented with replacement runners selected from the list to ensure that the 369 allowable starting spots were completely filled. |
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=== Race cancellations === |
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| ⚫ | In 2008, the race was canceled due to bad air quality and smoke from an [[2008 California wildfires|unprecedented number of wildfires]].<ref name="CNN628a">{{cite news|title= Wildfires' smoke, ash chokes Northern Californians| url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/06/28/wildfires.ap/|access-date=2008-07-07|date=2008-06-28|author=Associated Press|author-link=Associated Press|publisher=[[CNN]]}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | In 2020, the race was canceled due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wser.org/2020/03/27/2020-wser-and-training-runs-cancelled/|title=2020 WSER and Training Runs Cancelled – Western States Endurance Run|website=www.wser.org|access-date=2020-03-28}}</ref> |
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== Course == |
== Course == |
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Because of the length, the race commences at 5 a.m. and continues through the day and into the night. |
Because of the length, the race commences at 5 a.m. and continues through the day and into the night. |
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=== Aid |
=== Aid stations === |
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There are twenty aid stations, including 10 major medical checkpoints. |
There are twenty aid stations, including 10 major medical checkpoints. |
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== Awards and timed milestones == |
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==Results== |
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All entrants that complete the race in less than 30 hours and within race regulations are recognized as official finishers and receive a finisher's medallion. |
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[[Tim Twietmeyer]], an ultra-marathoner from California completed the race a record 25 times, all in under 24 hours, and winning the race five times. |
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=== First place finishers === |
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The top male finisher and the top female finisher are each awarded with the Western States Cougar Trophy. Provided they finish in under 24 hours, they are also declared the winners of the Wendell Robie Cup, a "perpetual" trophy with the names of all winners engraved. |
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=== Belt buckles === |
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[[Ann Trason]] won the women's race fourteen times.<ref>[http://www.wser.org/records/ Western States 100 Record Holders]</ref> |
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Runners who complete the Western States Endurance Run in less than 24 hours are awarded a hand-made silver belt buckle. Runners who complete the Western States Endurance Run in a time between 24 hours and 30 hours are awarded a hand-made bronze belt buckle. |
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Milestone belt buckles are also awarded to individuals with 10, 20, and 25 finishes in under 24 hours (the "10 Day", "20 Day", and "25 Day" belt buckles). 1000 Mile and 2500 Mile belt buckles are awarded to those with 10 and 25 official finishes. |
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| ⚫ | In 2008 the race was canceled due to bad air quality and smoke from an [[2008 California wildfires|unprecedented number of wildfires]].<ref name="CNN628a">{{cite news|title= Wildfires' smoke, ash chokes Northern Californians| url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/06/28/wildfires.ap/|access-date=2008-07-07|date=2008-06-28|author=Associated Press|author-link=Associated Press|publisher=[[CNN]]}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> |
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=== Age group awards === |
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The 2009 winners of the race were [[Hal Koerner]] and Anita Ortiz. In 2010, [[Geoff Roes]] overtook [[Anton Krupicka]] at the Brown's Bar checkpoint with 10.1 miles to go to win the race and set a new course record with 15:07:04. [[Tracy Garneau]] won the women's race in 19:01:55. [[Amy Palmiero-Winters]], a transtibial amputee, became the first amputee in history to complete the race, in 27:43:10. |
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Age group awards are given to the top three men and women in the categories: 39 and under; 40-49; 50-59; 60-69; and 70 and over. |
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=== Other awards === |
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In 2012, [[Ellie Greenwood]] bested the seemingly unbreakable course record set by [[Ann Trason]] in 1994 by nearly an hour with a new record time of 16:47:19. The same year, Timothy Olson ran a sub 15 hour race (14:46:44) and in the process, broke the previous course record that was set by Geoff Roes in 2010. |
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The oldest male and female finishers receive awards. |
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== Notable finishers == |
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[[Tim Twietmeyer]], from California, holds the record for race completions, having completed the race a record 25 times, all in under 24 hours. He has won the race five times and completed his 25th finish in 2006. Fifteen years later, his son, Austin Twietmeyer, completed the race, finishing in just under 30 hours in 2021.<ref>[https://www.trailrunnermag.com/races/western-states-100/]</ref> |
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| ⚫ | |||
For the 2018 year, [[Jim Walmsley]] broke the course record and ended a streak of failed attempts with a 14:30:04 finish. Jim was reportedly delayed by a few minutes at 95 miles by a mother bear and cubs on the trail.<ref name=bear>[https://www.irunfar.com/2018/06/jim-walmsley-2018-western-states-100-champion-irunfar-interview.html Jim Walmsley, 2018 Western States 100 Champion, Interview]</ref> |
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[[Ann Trason]] holds the record for most women's victories, having won the race fourteen times.<ref>[http://www.wser.org/records/ Western States 100 Record Holders]</ref> Her women's course record of 17:37:51, set in 1994, stood for eighteen years before being surpassed in 2012 by [[Ellie Greenwood]], who recorded a time of 16:47:19. |
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[[Courtney Dauwalter]] holds the open female course record with a time of 15:29:33, set in 2023 and breaking [[Ellie Greenwood]]'s record set in 2012. |
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| ⚫ | In 2020, the race was canceled due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wser.org/2020/03/27/2020-wser-and-training-runs-cancelled/|title=2020 WSER and Training Runs Cancelled – Western States Endurance Run|website=www.wser.org|access-date=2020-03-28}}</ref> |
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In 2009, [[Amy Palmiero-Winters]], a transtibial amputee, became the first amputee to complete the race, finishing in 27:43:10. |
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| ⚫ | |||
In 2023, Women's winner [[Courtney Dauwalter]] broke the women's course record set in 2012 by Ellie Greenwood of 16:47:19, with a new record time of 15:29:34. |
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'''Men's Winners<ref name=results>[http://www.wser.org/results/ Western States 100 Results 1974-present]</ref>''' |
'''Men's Winners<ref name=results>[http://www.wser.org/results/ Western States 100 Results 1974-present]</ref>''' |
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Revision as of 08:35, 16 March 2024
| Western States Endurance Run | |
|---|---|
 Western States Endurance Run logo patch | |
| Date | Last weekend of June |
| Location | Olympic Valley, California Auburn, California |
| Event type | Ultramarathon trail run |
| Distance | 100.2 miles (161 km) |
| Established | 1977 |
| Course records | Men: 14:09:28 (2019) Jim Walmsley Women: 15:29:34 (2023) Courtney Dauwalter |
| Official site | www.wser.org |
The Western States Endurance Run, known commonly as the Western States 100 or Western States, is a 100.2-mile (161 km) ultramarathon that takes place on California's Sierra Nevada Mountains trails each year on the last full weekend of June. Western States is the oldest and one of the most competitive ultramarathons in the United States, and is administered by the nonprofit Western States Endurance Run Foundation.
The Western States 100 is one of the five 100-mile races that comprise the Grand Slam of Ultrarunning, which also includes the Old Dominion 100 in Virginia, the Vermont 100 Mile Endurance Run, the Wasatch Front 100 Mile Endurance Run in Utah, and the Leadville Trail 100 in Colorado. One of the more prestigious ultramarathons in the world, it is a qualifier for the UTMB World Series, although the UTMB organization has a major competing race in the same area with a similar course, called "Canyons Endurance Runs by UTMB".
History
The course was first attempted on foot by twenty soldiers from Fort Riley, Kansas during the 1972 Tevis Cup horse ride event. Because the Tevis Cup imposed a 24-hour time limit, the soldiers started one day before the horses. Seven completed the 100.2 miles, and it was subsequently reported as the first "Auburn Endurance March".[1] In 1974, Gordy Ainsleigh became the first to complete the course in under 24 hours, arriving in Auburn in twenty-three hours and forty-two minutes. In 1976, Ken “Cowman” Shirk became the second to complete the distance, though 30 minutes over the 24-hour mark.
Sixteen runners signed up for the first official Western States Endurance Run in 1977, held in conjunction with the Tevis Cup. Runners were provided with water and were required to Thirteen of the 16 dropped out or were pulled by the 50-mile mark. Of the three remaining runners, only Andy Gonzales finished in the 24-hour time limit set for the horses. The other two, Peter Mattei and Ralph Paffenbarger, finished in 28 hours and 36 minutes (unofficially). Their finishing times led to the establishment of the first sub-30-hour awards.[2] Later that year, the Western States Trail Foundation established the race's first Board of Directors.
The following year, 1978, the Western States Endurance Run was made independent of the Tevis Cup and took place in June, a month earlier than the horse ride. There were 21 aid stations and six medical checks. Sixty-three runners competed, 30 runners finished, and Pat Smythe became the first woman finisher, finishing with a time of 29 hours and 34 minutes.[3]
By 1980, the number of starting runners had increased to 250 people from 3 countries and 21 states. A lottery system for race entry was implemented in 1981.
In 1984, the Granite Chief Wilderness was created under the provisions of the 1964 Wilderness Act, and about four miles (6 km) of the Western States trail was within the new boundaries. The wilderness designation prevented the Forest Service from permitting organized events in the area. In 1988, however, the Endurance Run (and the original Trail Ride) was given Congressional permission to continue, but with the number of runners limited to 369, the size of the 1984 field.
In 1985, the Western States Endurance Run course was officially measured to an accuracy of one-tenth of a mile, resulting in a designated distance of 100.2 miles.
In 2017, a wait list was implemented with replacement runners selected from the list to ensure that the 369 allowable starting spots were completely filled.
Race cancellations
In 2008, the race was canceled due to bad air quality and smoke from an unprecedented number of wildfires.[4]
In 2020, the race was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[5]
Course
The race starts at the base of the Palisades Tahoe ski resort in Olympic Valley and finishes at the Placer High School track in Auburn, California. The terrain is quite rugged, frequently featuring snow on the highest passes and record hot temperatures throughout the course.[6]
Elevation profile
Runners ascend a cumulative total of 18,090 feet (5500 m) and descend a total of 22,970 feet (7000 m) on mountain trails before reaching the finish.
Duration
Because of the length, the race commences at 5 a.m. and continues through the day and into the night.
Aid stations
There are twenty aid stations, including 10 major medical checkpoints.
Awards and timed milestones
All entrants that complete the race in less than 30 hours and within race regulations are recognized as official finishers and receive a finisher's medallion.
First place finishers
The top male finisher and the top female finisher are each awarded with the Western States Cougar Trophy. Provided they finish in under 24 hours, they are also declared the winners of the Wendell Robie Cup, a "perpetual" trophy with the names of all winners engraved.
Belt buckles
Runners who complete the Western States Endurance Run in less than 24 hours are awarded a hand-made silver belt buckle. Runners who complete the Western States Endurance Run in a time between 24 hours and 30 hours are awarded a hand-made bronze belt buckle.
Milestone belt buckles are also awarded to individuals with 10, 20, and 25 finishes in under 24 hours (the "10 Day", "20 Day", and "25 Day" belt buckles). 1000 Mile and 2500 Mile belt buckles are awarded to those with 10 and 25 official finishes.
Age group awards
Age group awards are given to the top three men and women in the categories: 39 and under; 40-49; 50-59; 60-69; and 70 and over.
Other awards
The oldest male and female finishers receive awards.
Notable finishers
Tim Twietmeyer, from California, holds the record for race completions, having completed the race a record 25 times, all in under 24 hours. He has won the race five times and completed his 25th finish in 2006. Fifteen years later, his son, Austin Twietmeyer, completed the race, finishing in just under 30 hours in 2021.[7]
Scott Jurek, from Minnesota, holds the record for consecutive victories. His 2005 victory was his seventh consecutive win.
Ann Trason holds the record for most women's victories, having won the race fourteen times.[8] Her women's course record of 17:37:51, set in 1994, stood for eighteen years before being surpassed in 2012 by Ellie Greenwood, who recorded a time of 16:47:19.
Courtney Dauwalter holds the open female course record with a time of 15:29:33, set in 2023 and breaking Ellie Greenwood's record set in 2012.
Jim Walmsley, from Arizona, holds the open male course record with a time of 14:09:28, set in 2019.
In 2009, Amy Palmiero-Winters, a transtibial amputee, became the first amputee to complete the race, finishing in 27:43:10.
In 2016, Andrew Miller, 20, became the youngest winner ever after Jim Walmsley, the forecasted winner, took a wrong turn approaching the north fork of the American River near mile 95.
Men's Winners[9]
| Year | Winner | Time | Age | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | Tom Evans | 14:40:22 | 31 |  United Kingdom
|
| 2022 | Adam Peterman | 15:13:48 | 26 |  United States
|
| 2021 | Jim Walmsley | 14:46:01 | 31 | United States
|
| 2020 | Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | |||
| 2019 | Jim Walmsley | 14:09:28 | 29 | United States
|
| 2018 | Jim Walmsley | 14:30:04 | 28 | United States
|
| 2017 | Ryan Sandes | 16:19:38 | 35 |  South Africa
|
| 2016 | Andrew Miller | 15:39:36 | 20 | United States
|
| 2015 | Rob Krar | 14:48:59 | 38 |  Canada
|
| 2014 | Rob Krar | 14:53:22 | 37 | Canada
|
| 2013 | Timothy Olson | 15:17:27 | 29 | United States
|
| 2012 | Timothy Olson | 14:46:44 | 28 | United States
|
| 2011 | Kilian Jornet | 15:34:24 | 23 |  Spain
|
| 2010 | Geoff Roes | 15:07:04 | 34 | United States
|
| 2009 | Hal Koerner | 16:24:55 | 33 | United States
|
| 2008 | Cancelled due to poor air quality caused by 2008 California wildfires | |||
| 2007 | Hal Koerner | 16:12:16 | 31 | United States
|
| 2006 | Graham Cooper | 18:17:28 | 36 | United States
|
| 2005 | Scott Jurek | 16:40:45 | 31 | United States
|
| 2004 | Scott Jurek | 15:36:27 | 30 | United States
|
| 2003 | Scott Jurek | 16:01:18 | 29 | United States
|
| 2002 | Scott Jurek | 16:19:10 | 28 | United States
|
| 2001 | Scott Jurek | 16:38:30 | 27 | United States
|
| 2000 | Scott Jurek | 17:17:24 | 26 | United States
|
| 1999 | Scott Jurek | 17:34:22 | 25 | United States
|
| 1998 | Tim Twietmeyer | 17:51:20 | 39 | United States
|
| 1997 | Mike Morton | 15:40:41 | 25 | United States
|
| 1996 | Tim Twietmeyer | 17:42:06 | 37 | United States
|
| 1995 | Tim Twietmeyer | 18:34:58 | 36 | United States
|
| 1994 | Tim Twietmeyer | 16:51:01 | 35 | United States
|
| 1993 | Tom Johnson | 17:08:34 | 34 | United States
|
| 1992 | Tim Twietmeyer | 16:54:16 | 33 | United States
|
| 1991 | Tom Johnson | 15:54:05 | 32 | United States
|
| 1990 | Tom Johnson | 16:38:52 | 31 | United States
|
| 1989 | Mark Brotherton | 16:53:39 | 32 | United States
|
| 1988 | Brian Purcell | 16:24:00 | 32 | United States
|
| 1987 | Herb Tanzer | 17:41:06 | 35 | United States
|
| 1986 | Chuck Jones | 16:37:47 | 27 | United States
|
| 1985 | Jim King | 16:02:44 | 28 | United States
|
| 1984 | Jim King | 14:54:00 | 27 | United States
|
| 1983 | Jim Howard | 16:07:00 | 29 | United States
|
| 1982 | Jim King | 16:17:00 | 25 | United States
|
| 1981 | Jim Howard | 16:02:37 | 27 | United States
|
| 1980 | Mike Catlin | 18:35:42 | 28 | United States
|
| 1979 | Mike Catlin | 16:11:56 | 27 | United States
|
| 1978 | Andy Gonzalez | 18:50:00 | 23 | United States
|
| 1977 | Andy Gonzalez | 22:57:00 | 22 | United States
|
| 1976 | Ken Shirk | 24:30:00 | 23 | United States
|
| 1974 | Gordy Ainsleigh | 23:42:20 | 26 | United States
|
Women's Winners[9]
| Year | Winner | Time | Age | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | Courtney Dauwalter | 15:29:34 | 38 | United States
|
| 2022 | Ruth Croft | 17:21:30 | 33 |  New Zealand
|
| 2021 | Beth Pascall | 17:10:42 | 33 | United Kingdom
|
| 2020 | Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | |||
| 2019 | Clare Gallagher | 17:23:24 | 27 | United States
|
| 2018 | Courtney Dauwalter | 17:27:00 | 33 | United States
|
| 2017 | Cat Bradley | 19:31:31 | 25 | United States
|
| 2016 | Kaci Lickteig | 17:57:59 | 29 | United States
|
| 2015 | Magdalena Boulet | 19:05:21 | 41 | United States
|
| 2014 | Stephanie Howe | 18:01:42 | 30 | United States
|
| 2013 | Pam Smith | 18:37:21 | 38 | United States
|
| 2012 | Ellie Greenwood | 16:47:19 | 33 | United Kingdom
|
| 2011 | Ellie Greenwood | 17:55:29 | 32 | United Kingdom
|
| 2010 | Tracy Garneau | 19:01:55 | 41 | Canada
|
| 2009 | Anita Ortiz | 18:24:17 | 45 | United States
|
| 2008 | Cancelled due to poor air quality caused by 2008 California wildfires | |||
| 2007 | Nikki Kimball | 18:12:38 | 36 | United States
|
| 2006 | Nikki Kimball | 19:26:51 | 35 | United States
|
| 2005 | Annette Bednosky | 18:39:01 | 38 | United States
|
| 2004 | Nikki Kimball | 18:43:25 | 33 | United States
|
| 2003 | Ann Trason | 18:36:03 | 42 | United States
|
| 2002 | Ann Trason | 18:16:26 | 41 | United States
|
| 2001 | Ann Trason | 18:33:34 | 40 | United States
|
| 2000 | Ann Trason | 19:44:42 | 39 | United States
|
| 1999 | Suzanne Brana | 21:23:39 | 41 | United States
|
| 1998 | Ann Trason | 18:46:16 | 37 | United States
|
| 1997 | Ann Trason | 19:19:49 | 36 | United States
|
| 1996 | Ann Trason | 18:57:36 | 35 | United States
|
| 1995 | Ann Trason | 18:40:01 | 34 | United States
|
| 1994 | Ann Trason | 17:37:51 | 33 | United States
|
| 1993 | Ann Trason | 19:05:22 | 32 | United States
|
| 1992 | Ann Trason | 18:14:48 | 31 | United States
|
| 1991 | Ann Trason | 18:29:37 | 30 | United States
|
| 1990 | Ann Trason | 18:33:02 | 29 | United States
|
| 1989 | Ann Trason | 18:47:46 | 28 | United States
|
| 1988 | Kathy D'Onofrio-Wood | 18:52:40 | 23 | United States
|
| 1987 | Mary Hammes | 21:23:37 | 27 | United States
|
| 1986 | Kathy D'Onofrio-Wood | 20:58:16 | 21 | United States
|
| 1985 | Terri Gerber | 20:30:03 | 36 | United States
|
| 1984 | Judy Milkie-West | 20:04:00 | 34 | United States
|
| 1983 | Bjorg Austrheim-Smith | 19:11:00 | 40 | United States
|
| 1982 | Bjorg Austrheim-Smith | 18:23:00 | 39 | United States
|
| 1981 | Bjorg Austrheim-Smith | 18:46:00 | 38 | United States
|
| 1980 | Sally Edwards | 22:13:44 | 32 | United States
|
| 1979 | Skip Swannack | 21:56:27 | 37 | United States
|
| 1978 | Pat Smythe | 29:34:00 | 35 | United States
|
References
- ^ "Seven Finish Trail Ride". Reno-Gazette Journal. August 3, 1972.
- ^ Crockett, Davy. "The 1977 Western States 100". Ultrarunning History. Retrieved 23 January 2022.
- ^ Crockett, Davy. "The 1978 Western States 100". Ultrarunning History.
- ^ Associated Press (2008-06-28). "Wildfires' smoke, ash chokes Northern Californians". CNN. Retrieved 2008-07-07. [dead link]
- ^ "2020 WSER and Training Runs Cancelled – Western States Endurance Run". www.wser.org. Retrieved 2020-03-28.
- ^ "Weather – Western States Endurance Run". www.wser.org. Retrieved 2018-11-12.
- ^ [1]
- ^ Western States 100 Record Holders
- ^ a b Western States 100 Results 1974-present
External links
- Official site of the Western States 100
- The 1977 Western States 100
- The 1978 Western States 100
- Western States 100 – Legends, Myths, and Folklore
- OnTheRunEvents.com - 'The History of the Western States'
| Authority control databases: National |
|---|
