Freedom Front Plus: Difference between revisions

Freedom Front Plus

*Vryheidsfront Plus* (Afrikaans)
Freedom Front Plus Vryheidsfront Plus (Afrikaans)
Abbreviation	FF Plus; VF+;
Leader	Pieter Groenewald
Chairperson	Anton Alberts
Spokesperson	Pieter Swart
Chief whip	Corné Mulder
Founder	Constand Viljoen
Founded	1 March 1994; 30 years ago
Registered	4 March 1994
Split from	Afrikaner Volksfront
Merged into	Conservative (2003); Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging (2003); Federal Alliance (2006);
Headquarters	Charles de Gaulle Crescent, Centurion, Gauteng
Youth wing	Vryheidsfront Plus-Jeug
Membership (2008)	25–30,000
Ideology	Conservatism; Afrikaner interests'; Afrikaner nationalism; Afrikaner self-determination; Cape independence; Right-wing populism; Historical:; Volkstaat;
Political position	Right-wing
National affiliation	KP–AEB–FA (2003–2006); Multi-Party Charter (since 2023);
International affiliation	UNPO (since 2008)
Colours	Orange Green
Slogan	Slaan Terug (Fight Back)
National Assembly	10 / 400
National Council of Provinces	3 / 90
Provincial Legislatures	11 / 430
City of Tshwane	17 / 214
Cape Town City Council	4 / 231
Website
	www.vfplus.org.za
	Politics of South Africa; Political parties; Elections;

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The Freedom Front Plus (FF Plus; Template:Lang-af, VF Plus) is a right-wing political party in South Africa that was formed (as the Freedom Front) in 1994. It is led by Pieter Groenewald.

Policies

As of 2021, its stated policy positions include abolishing affirmative action, replacing it with merit based appointments,^[17] and being firmly against the proposed expropriation without compensation land reform movement to protect the rights and interests of minorities, especially Afrikaners,^[18] as well as Afrikaans-speaking Coloureds.^[19] The party also supports greater self-determination for minorities throughout South Africa, and expressly has adopted Cape independence as an official party position.^[20]

Foreign policy

The party is critical of what they regard as South Africa's contradictory foreign policy under the governing African National Congress (ANC).^[21] The Freedom Front supports the strengthening of relations with countries that "promote self-determination within their own borders",^[21] as well as countries with whom South Africa has strong existing trade ties.^[21] The party has called on South Africa to criticize the Russian invasion of Ukraine.^[22]^[23] During the 2023 Israel–Hamas war, the party expressed support for Israel.^[24]

History

Origins as the Freedom Front (1994–2003)

The Freedom Front was founded on 1 March 1994 by members of the Afrikaner community under Constand Viljoen, after he had left the Afrikaner Volksfront amidst disagreements. Seeking to achieve his goals through electoral means, Viljoen registered the Freedom Front with the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) on 4 March 1994 to take part in the April 1994 general elections (This date has also been given as 7 March).^{[citation needed]} On 12 March 1994 Viljoen handed in a list of candidates for the FF to the IEC, confirming that his party would take part in the elections.

In the election, under the leadership of Viljoen, the Freedom Front received 2.2% of the national vote (with 424,555 votes cast), earning nine seats in the National Assembly, and 3.3% (with 639,643 votes cast) of the combined vote to the nine provincial legislatures. This suggested that many Afrikaners had split their vote. The party performed the best in the rural areas of the former Transvaal and Orange Free State, and was noted by the new deputy president Thabo Mbeki as representing possibly as much as half the Afrikaner voting population in these areas, with the strongest support among farmers and the working class.^[25]

Freedom Front support would gradually melt away in the coming years, as the party was strung along in ultimately fruitless negotiations with the African National Congress (ANC) to create a Volkstaat making the party lose its importance. It would also receive increased competition from new parties such as the Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging. In the 1999 election their support dropped to 0.8% (127,217 votes cast) with three seats in the National Assembly and between 1 and 2% in their stronghold provinces. This represented a respectable portion of the Afrikaner vote, but nowhere near earlier levels. The party's support remained relatively stable in all national elections held during the next twenty years.^{[citation needed]}

In 2001, Viljoen handed over the leadership of the Freedom Front to Pieter Mulder.^{[citation needed]}

Formation of the FF+ and early years (2003–2016)

In 2003, shortly before the 2004 general election, the Conservative Party, the Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging and the Freedom Front decided to contest the election as a single entity under the name Freedom Front Plus (FF+), led by Mulder. Later, also the Federal Alliance joined the VF+/FF+.

Under Mulder's leadership the party's support remained relatively stable.

In the 2004 general election, support for the Freedom Front Plus rose slightly to 0.89% (139,465 votes cast). The party won one seat in most of the provincial legislatures, and four seats in the National Assembly.

In the 2006 municipal elections, the Freedom Front Plus received 1% of the popular vote (252,253 votes cast).

In the 2009 general election, the party received 0.83% (146,796 votes cast) and retained its four seats in the National Assembly but lost its seats in the provincial legislatures of North West, Mpumalanga and Northern Cape. After the elections, the Freedom Front's leader Pieter Mulder was appointed as Deputy Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries by the new President Jacob Zuma.

In the 2014 general election, the FF Plus increased its vote slightly to 0.9%. It retained its 4 MPs, and also regained a seat in the North West.^[26]

The party also enjoyed consistent landslide victories in the Afrikaner enclave Orania.^[27]

Along with other parties, the FF Plus entered into coalition with the Democratic Alliance (DA) after the 2016 municipal elections to govern Johannesburg, Tshwane and several other municipalities.

Groenewald leadership and resurgence (2016–present)

In 2016, Pieter Groenewald took over leadership of the FF Plus. He oversaw a pivot of the party away from being an exclusive abode for Afrikaners to that of one for all minorities, with a special focus on Afrikaans-speaking minorities.^[28] This was highlighted when the FF Plus and the Bruin Bemagtiging Beweging (Brown Movement) – an interest group focused on Coloureds led by Peter Marais, the former premier of the Western Cape^[29] – formed an official alliance.^[30] This ultimately led to Marais being elected as the party's candidate for premier of the Western Cape for the 2019 elections.^[31]

2019 national and provincial elections

FF Plus voter support increased substantially in the 2019 general election, with the party growing its vote total by 250,000, to 2.38% of the national vote, earning ten seats in the National Assembly. This was more than the nine seats that the old Freedom Front had received in 1994. Additionally, it gained eight seats in the provincial legislatures, for a total of eleven. In the 2014 general election, the FF Plus won seats in three provincial legislatures, in 2019, it won seats in eight out of the nine provincial legislatures. Its new supporters were largely Afrikaners and Coloured voters from the Western Cape who had previously supported the DA.^[32]^[33]

Since the 2019 general election, the FF Plus has also won three wards from the Democratic Alliance (DA) in municipal by-elections in the North West Province and has continued to show growth in various other municipal by-elections in Gauteng, Limpopo and Mpumalanga.^[34]^[35]^[36]^[37]

2021 municipal elections

In the run up to the 2021 local government elections, the FF Plus adopted Cape Independence as an official party position. They and CapeXit had a joint election campaign in the Western Cape to highlight the party's stance on Cape Independence. Over 60% of the FF Plus's ward councillors standing in the Western Cape were Coloureds, with Lennit Max being the party's candidate for mayor of Cape Town.^[38] The party claims that their candidates are selected purely on merit in contrast to the DA.^[39]

The FF Plus continued their gains in the Western Cape as a result, being in the kingmaker position in over 6 districts.^[40]

Leaders

No.	Name	Term start	Term end	Notes
1	Constand Viljoen	1 March 1994	26 June 2001	Chief of the South African Army (1976–1980) Chief of the South African Defence Force (1980–1985)
2	Pieter Mulder	26 June 2001	12 November 2016	Deputy Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (2009–2014)
3	Pieter Groenewald	12 November 2016^[41]	Incumbent	Member of the National Assembly of South Africa (2001–present) Federal Chairperson of the Freedom Front Plus (2011–2016)

Electoral performance

These tables show the electoral performance for the Freedom Front Plus since the advent of democracy in 1994:

National elections


Election	Total votes	Share of vote	Seats	+/-	Government
1994	424,555	2.17%	9 / 400	–	in opposition largest opposition party (1994–1996)
1999	127,217	0.80%	3 / 400	6	in opposition
2004	139,465	0.89%	4 / 400	1	in opposition
2009	146,796	0.83%	4 / 400	±0	in opposition delivered one deputy minister
2014	165,715	0.90%	4 / 400	±0	in opposition
2019	414,864	2.38%	10 / 400	6	in opposition

Provincial elections


Election^[42]	Eastern Cape		Free State		Gauteng		Kwazulu-Natal		Limpopo		Mpumalanga		North-West		Northern Cape		Western Cape
Election^[42]	%	Seats	%	Seats	%	Seats	%	Seats	%	Seats	%	Seats	%	Seats	%	Seats	%	Seats
1994	0.8%	0/56	6.0%	2/30	6.2%	5/86	0.5%	0/81	2.2%	1/40	5.7%	2/30	4.6%	1/30	6.0%	2/30	2.1%	1/42
1999	0.3%	0/63	2.1%	1/30	1.3%	1/73	0.2%	0/80	0.7%	0/49	1.7%	1/30	1.4%	1/33	1.7%	1/30	0.4%	0/42
2004	0.3%	0/63	2.5%	1/30	1.3%	1/73	0.3%	0/80	0.6%	0/49	1.2%	1/30	1.3%	1/33	1.6%	1/30	0.6%	0/42
2009	0.2%	0/63	2.0%	1/30	1.6%	1/73	0.8%	0/80	0.6%	0/49	0.9%	0/30	1.8%	0/33	1.2%	0/30	0.4%	0/42
2014	0.3%	0/63	2.1%	1/30	1.2%	1/73	0.2%	0/80	0.7%	0/49	0.8%	0/30	1.7%	1/33	1.1%	0/30	0.6%	0/42
2019	0.6%	1/63	4.0%	1/30	3.6%	3/73	0.3%	0/80	1.4%	1/49	2.4%	1/30	4.3%	2/33	2.7%	1/30	1.6%	1/42

Municipal elections


Election	Ward + PR votes	Share of vote
1995–96	230 845	2.7%
2000	Not released	0.1%
2006	185 960	0.9%
2011	120,519	0.5%
2016	229,281	0.8%
2021	549,349	2.34%

References

^ ^a ^b Southern, Neil (2008). "The Freedom Front Plus: an analysis of Afrikaner politics and ethnic identity in the new South Africa". Contemporary Politics. 14 (4). Taylor & Francis: 463–478. doi:10.1080/13569770802519383.
^ Kotze, Dirk (9 June 2015). "Navigating South Africa's loaded political lexicon". The Conversation. Archived from the original on 31 July 2015.
^ Makin, Gabriel (25 January 2023). "Speaking to the opposition (III): Pieter Groenewald". politicsweb.co.za. Archived from the original on 10 February 2023.
^ Walterová, Klára (2009). Afrikaners in the New South Africa: Identity Politics in a Globalised Economy (PDF) (Thesis). I.B. Tauris.
^ ^a ^b ^c Fihlani, Pumza (11 May 2019). "South Africa's election: Five things we've learnt". BBC. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020.
^ Lyster, Rosa (30 October 2017). "The rise and fall of South Africa's far right". The Outline. Bustle. Archived from the original on 9 April 2018.
^ ^a ^b Visagie, Riaan (March 2018). Struggle(s) for Self-determination: Afrikaner Aspirations in the Twenty-first Century (Thesis). Stellenbosch University.
^ Fogel, Benjamin; Jacobs, Sean (21 May 2019). "Why South Africa Needs a Democratic Socialism". Jacobin. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022.
^ ^a ^b Pilling, David; Mark, Monica (31 March 2024). "South African election turns populist as parties play anti-foreigner card". Financial Times.
^ Charles, Marvin (8 April 2024). "Elections 2024: Tension simmers as Freedom Front Plus eyes coalition with DA in Western Cape". News24. Media24.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ Love, Jason (14 February 2023). "As 2024 elections loom, South Africa needs laws to keep small right-wing parties from controlling coalitions". Daily Maverick. Archived from the original on 19 March 2023.
^ "Goodbye, Freedom Front Plus, and thanks for coming". BusinessLIVE. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
^ Campbell, John (28 March 2019). "Right-Wing White Party Releases Election Manifesto in South Africa". cfr.org. Council on Foreign Relations. Archived from the original on 29 March 2019.
^ Magome, Mogomotsi (24 October 2019). "Leader of South Africa's leading opposition party resigns". AP News.
^ "Election's biggest little winners — FF+ Freedom Front Plus". Mail & Guardian. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 July 2019.
^ Haffajee, Ferial (14 May 2019). "White anxiety and the rise of the Freedom Front Plus". Daily Maverick. Archived from the original on 24 July 2019.
^ Gerber, Jan. "Elections 2021: 'Stop the decay' - FF Plus at manifesto launch". News24. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
^ Setumo Stone (22 April 2014). "FF+ to target DA's Afrikaner voting base". Business Day. Archived from the original on 14 May 2014.
^ Verwoerd, Melanie. "Melanie Verwoerd | Is the Freedom Front Plus making the laager bigger?". News24. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
^ Gerber, Jan. "Elections 2021: FF Plus 'supports the strive towards independence for the Cape' - manifesto". News24. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c "National Elections Manifesto 2019". Freedom Front Plus. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
^ Groenewald, Dr Pieter (14 March 2022). "Everyone in South Africa will feel the economic impact of the war in Ukraine". Freedom Front Plus. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
^ Amashabalala, Mawande (15 March 2022). "ANC government Russia's useful idiot, says FF+ leader Pieter Groenewald". SowetanLIVE. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
^ Hans, Bongani (15 October 2023). "SA leaders lock horns over who's to blame for Israeli-Palestinian conflict".
^ "Unmandated reflections - Thabo Mbeki - NEWS & ANALYSIS - Politicsweb". www.politicsweb.co.za. Archived from the original on 18 September 2016.
^ "2014 Elections: Seats in Parliament". sanews.gov.za. Pretoria. 10 May 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
^ "Orania votes for FF Plus". IOL. 23 April 2009. Archived from the original on 18 February 2010.
^ "FF+ to focus on interests of minority | eNCA". www.enca.com. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
^ "Brown Movement not a Political Party". News24. 2013.
^ "Grant Marais of FF+ follows in his well-known father's political footsteps". www.iol.co.za. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
^ "ANALYSIS: The who, why and what of the Freedom Front Plus". News24. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
^ Brandt, Kevin (10 May 2019). "Targeting minorities helped grow our support - FF Plus". EWN. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
^ Mailovich, Claudi (9 May 2019). "FF Plus defies expectations". BusinessLIVE. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
^ Sussman, Wayne (11 July 2019). "FF+ makes loud statement in Stilfontein". The Daily Maverick. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
^ Joubert, Jan-Jan (19 September 2018). "Recent municipal ward by-elections result in losses for the DA". The Daily Maverick. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
^ "Mamusa by-election: Good news for EFF, but DA slide against FF+ continues". The Citizen. 16 January 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
^ Head, Tom (16 January 2020). "Schweizer-Reneke: DA disaster, as they lose third ward in six months to FF Plus". The South African. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
^ Gerber, Jan. "FF Plus formally joins secessionist CapeXit in awareness campaign". News24. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
^ "I was a project for the DA, says Cape Town FF Plus mayor hopeful Lennit Max". www.iol.co.za. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
^ Gerber, Jan. "While the ANC and DA are on the wane, the FF Plus and PA gain". News24. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
^ White, Ray. "Pieter Mulder steps down as Freedom Front Plus leader". Archived from the original on 13 November 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
^ "Results Dashboard". www.elections.org.za. Retrieved 11 May 2019.

External links

Media related to Freedom Front Plus at Wikimedia Commons
Official website
SA Talent
Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation

[Neil-1] Southern, Neil (2008). "The Freedom Front Plus: an analysis of Afrikaner politics and ethnic identity in the new South Africa". Contemporary Politics. 14 (4). Taylor & Francis: 463–478. doi:10.1080/13569770802519383.

[2] Kotze, Dirk (9 June 2015). "Navigating South Africa's loaded political lexicon". The Conversation. Archived from the original on 31 July 2015.

[3] Makin, Gabriel (25 January 2023). "Speaking to the opposition (III): Pieter Groenewald". politicsweb.co.za. Archived from the original on 10 February 2023.

[4] Walterová, Klára (2009). Afrikaners in the New South Africa: Identity Politics in a Globalised Economy (PDF) (Thesis). I.B. Tauris.

[Pumza-5] Fihlani, Pumza (11 May 2019). "South Africa's election: Five things we've learnt". BBC. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020.

[6] Lyster, Rosa (30 October 2017). "The rise and fall of South Africa's far right". The Outline. Bustle. Archived from the original on 9 April 2018.

[riaan-7] Visagie, Riaan (March 2018). Struggle(s) for Self-determination: Afrikaner Aspirations in the Twenty-first Century (Thesis). Stellenbosch University.

[8] Fogel, Benjamin; Jacobs, Sean (21 May 2019). "Why South Africa Needs a Democratic Socialism". Jacobin. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022.

[dm-9] Pilling, David; Mark, Monica (31 March 2024). "South African election turns populist as parties play anti-foreigner card". Financial Times.

[10] Charles, Marvin (8 April 2024). "Elections 2024: Tension simmers as Freedom Front Plus eyes coalition with DA in Western Cape". News24. Media24.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[11] Love, Jason (14 February 2023). "As 2024 elections loom, South Africa needs laws to keep small right-wing parties from controlling coalitions". Daily Maverick. Archived from the original on 19 March 2023.

[“garethvos”-12] "Goodbye, Freedom Front Plus, and thanks for coming". BusinessLIVE. Retrieved 28 January 2024.

[13] Campbell, John (28 March 2019). "Right-Wing White Party Releases Election Manifesto in South Africa". cfr.org. Council on Foreign Relations. Archived from the original on 29 March 2019.

[14] Magome, Mogomotsi (24 October 2019). "Leader of South Africa's leading opposition party resigns". AP News.

[15] "Election's biggest little winners — FF+ Freedom Front Plus". Mail & Guardian. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 July 2019.

[16] Haffajee, Ferial (14 May 2019). "White anxiety and the rise of the Freedom Front Plus". Daily Maverick. Archived from the original on 24 July 2019.

[17] Gerber, Jan. "Elections 2021: 'Stop the decay' - FF Plus at manifesto launch". News24. Retrieved 3 November 2021.

[18] Setumo Stone (22 April 2014). "FF+ to target DA's Afrikaner voting base". Business Day. Archived from the original on 14 May 2014.

[19] Verwoerd, Melanie. "Melanie Verwoerd | Is the Freedom Front Plus making the laager bigger?". News24. Retrieved 3 November 2021.

[20] Gerber, Jan. "Elections 2021: FF Plus 'supports the strive towards independence for the Cape' - manifesto". News24. Retrieved 3 November 2021.

[:0-21] "National Elections Manifesto 2019". Freedom Front Plus. Retrieved 25 October 2023.

[22] Groenewald, Dr Pieter (14 March 2022). "Everyone in South Africa will feel the economic impact of the war in Ukraine". Freedom Front Plus. Retrieved 25 October 2023.

[23] Amashabalala, Mawande (15 March 2022). "ANC government Russia's useful idiot, says FF+ leader Pieter Groenewald". SowetanLIVE. Retrieved 25 October 2023.

[24] Hans, Bongani (15 October 2023). "SA leaders lock horns over who's to blame for Israeli-Palestinian conflict".

[25] "Unmandated reflections - Thabo Mbeki - NEWS & ANALYSIS - Politicsweb". www.politicsweb.co.za. Archived from the original on 18 September 2016.

[26] "2014 Elections: Seats in Parliament". sanews.gov.za. Pretoria. 10 May 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2020.

[27] "Orania votes for FF Plus". IOL. 23 April 2009. Archived from the original on 18 February 2010.

[28] "FF+ to focus on interests of minority | eNCA". www.enca.com. Retrieved 3 November 2021.

[29] "Brown Movement not a Political Party". News24. 2013.

[30] "Grant Marais of FF+ follows in his well-known father's political footsteps". www.iol.co.za. Retrieved 3 November 2021.

[31] "ANALYSIS: The who, why and what of the Freedom Front Plus". News24. Retrieved 2 December 2021.

[32] Brandt, Kevin (10 May 2019). "Targeting minorities helped grow our support - FF Plus". EWN. Retrieved 26 January 2020.

[33] Mailovich, Claudi (9 May 2019). "FF Plus defies expectations". BusinessLIVE. Retrieved 26 January 2020.

[34] Sussman, Wayne (11 July 2019). "FF+ makes loud statement in Stilfontein". The Daily Maverick. Retrieved 26 January 2020.

[35] Joubert, Jan-Jan (19 September 2018). "Recent municipal ward by-elections result in losses for the DA". The Daily Maverick. Retrieved 26 January 2020.

[36] "Mamusa by-election: Good news for EFF, but DA slide against FF+ continues". The Citizen. 16 January 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2020.

[37] Head, Tom (16 January 2020). "Schweizer-Reneke: DA disaster, as they lose third ward in six months to FF Plus". The South African. Retrieved 26 January 2020.

[38] Gerber, Jan. "FF Plus formally joins secessionist CapeXit in awareness campaign". News24. Retrieved 3 November 2021.

[39] "I was a project for the DA, says Cape Town FF Plus mayor hopeful Lennit Max". www.iol.co.za. Retrieved 3 November 2021.

[40] Gerber, Jan. "While the ANC and DA are on the wane, the FF Plus and PA gain". News24. Retrieved 3 November 2021.

[41] White, Ray. "Pieter Mulder steps down as Freedom Front Plus leader". Archived from the original on 13 November 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2016.

[dash-42] "Results Dashboard". www.elections.org.za. Retrieved 11 May 2019.

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@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
 {{Infobox political party
-| name             = Freedom Front Plus
+| name = Freedom Front Plus
-| native_name      = {{native name|af|Vryheidsfront Plus}}
+| native_name = {{native name|af|Vryheidsfront Plus}}
-| logo             = Freedom Front Plus.svg
+| logo = Freedom Front Plus.svg
-| logo_size        =
+| logo_size =
-| colorcode        = {{party color|Freedom Front Plus}}
+| colorcode = {{party color|Freedom Front Plus}}
+| abbreviation = {{hlist|FF Plus|VF+}}
-| leader           = {{lang|af|[[Pieter Groenewald]]|italic=no}}
+| leader1_title = [[#Leaders|Leader]]
-| chairperson      = [[Anton Alberts (politician)|Anton Alberts]]
+| leader1_name = [[Pieter Groenewald]]
-| president        =
+| leader2_title = Chairperson
-| secretary_general =
+| leader2_name = [[Anton Alberts (politician)|Anton Alberts]]
-| spokesperson     = Pieter Swart
+| leader3_title = Spokesperson
-| founder          = {{lang|af|[[Constand Viljoen]]|italic=no}}
+| leader3_name = Pieter Swart
-| leader1_title    = Chief whip
+| leader4_title = Chief whip
-| leader1_name     = [[Corné Mulder]]
+| leader4_name = [[Corné Mulder]]
-| leader2_title    = CEO
+| leader5_title =
-| leader2_name     = Pieter de Necker
+| leader5_name =
-| leader3_title    =
+| founder = [[Constand Viljoen]]
-| leader3_name     =
+| founded = {{start date and age|1 March 1994|df=y}}
-| leader4_title    =
-| leader4_name     =
+| registered = 4 March 1994
+| dissolved =
-| leader5_title    =
+| merger =
-| leader5_name     =
+| split = [[Afrikaner Volksfront]]
-| slogan           = {{lang|af| Daar is hoop! |italic=yes}}<br>(There is hope!)
-| ideology         = {{Plainlist}}
+| merged = {{plainlist|
+* [[Conservative Party (South Africa)|Conservative]] {{small|(2003)}}
-* [[Afrikaans|Afrikaans language interests]]<ref name=“mvw_lager” />
+* {{nowrap|[[Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging]] {{small|(2003)}}}}
-* [[Cape Independence|Cape independence]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vfplus.org.za/media-releases/self-determination-is-indeed-a-political-option-for-the-western-cape|title = Selfbeskikking is 'n politieke opsie vir die Wes-Kaap| date=9 November 2020 }}</ref>
+* [[Federal Alliance (South Africa)|Federal Alliance]] {{small|(2006)}}
-* [[Christian democracy]]
+}}
-* [[Social conservatism]]
+| headquarters = Charles de Gaulle Crescent, [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]], [[Gauteng]]
-* [[Self-determination]]
+| newspaper =
-* [[Economic liberalism]]
+| youth_wing = Vryheidsfront Plus-Jeug
-* [[National conservatism]]
+| wing1_title =
-* [[Right-wing populism]]<ref>{{cite news|work=[[The Times of India]]|title=ANC holds onto power in South Africa as other parties increase vote share|date=11 May 2019|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/rest-of-world/anc-holds-onto-power-in-south-africa-as-other-parties-increase-vote-share/articleshow/69278436.cms}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://qz.com/africa/1617273/south-election-eff-rise-leaves-democratic-alliance-down/|title=South Africa is the latest country to see a democratic swing to populism over liberal politics|last=Pillay|first=Verashni|website=Quartz Africa|date=11 May 2019 |language=en|access-date=2019-12-17}}</ref>
+| wing1 =
-'''Historical:'''
+| membership_year = 2008
-* [[Volkstaat]]<ref name=“garethvos”>{{Cite web |title=Goodbye, Freedom Front Plus, and thanks for coming |url=https://www.businesslive.co.za/amp/bd/opinion/columnists/2013-09-03-goodbye-freedom-front-plus-and-thanks-for-coming/ |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=BusinessLIVE |language=en-ZA}}</ref>
+| membership = 25–30,000<ref name=Neil>{{cite journal |last1=Southern |first1=Neil |date=2008 |title=The Freedom Front Plus: an analysis of Afrikaner politics and ethnic identity in the new South Africa |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13569770802519383 |journal=[[Contemporary Politics]] |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |volume=14 |issue=4 |page=463–478 |doi=10.1080/13569770802519383 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
-* [[Afrikaner nationalism]]<ref name=“mvw_lager”>{{Cite web |last=Verwoerd |first=Melanie |title=Melanie Verwoerd {{!}} Is the Freedom Front Plus making the laager bigger? |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/opinions/columnists/melanieverwoerd/melanie-verwoerd-is-the-freedom-front-pus-making-the-laager-bigger-20211013 |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref>
+| ideology = {{plainlist|
+* [[Conservatism]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://theconversation.com/navigating-south-africas-loaded-political-lexicon-42791 |title=Navigating South Africa's loaded political lexicon |last=Kotze |first=Dirk |date=9 June 2015 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |publisher= |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150731121331/https://theconversation.com/navigating-south-africas-loaded-political-lexicon-42791 |archive-date=31 July 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.politicsweb.co.za/opinion/speaking-to-the-opposition-iii-pieter-groenewald |title=Speaking to the opposition (III): Pieter Groenewald |last=Makin |first=Gabriel |date=25 January 2023 |website=politicsweb.co.za |publisher= |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210063424/https://www.politicsweb.co.za/opinion/speaking-to-the-opposition-iii-pieter-groenewald |archive-date=10 February 2023 }}</ref>
-{{Endplainlist}}
-| position         = [[Right-wing politics|Right-wing]]<ref name="bbc">{{cite news|work=[[BBC News]]|title=South Africa's election: Five things we've learnt|date=11 May 2019|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-48227127}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= Magome |first= Mogomotsi |date= 23 October 2019 |title= Leader of South Africa's leading opposition party resigns |url= https://apnews.com/9cfb7a920a4b4b8c8560c6297cdad535 |work= Associated Press|location= Johannesburg |access-date= 5 December 2019}}</ref>
+* [[Afrikaners|Afrikaner]] [[Ethnic party|interests']]<ref name=Neil/><ref>{{cite thesis |last=Walterová |first=Klára |date=2009 |title=Afrikaners in the New South Africa: Identity Politics in a Globalised Economy |url=https://dspace.cuni.cz/bitstream/handle/20.500.11956/78024/120228505.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |publisher=[[I.B. Tauris]] }}</ref><ref name=Pumza>{{cite news |last1=Fihlani |first1=Pumza |date=11 May 2019 |title=South Africa's election: Five things we've learnt |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-48227127 |url-status=live |work=[[BBC]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108003636/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-48227127 |archive-date=8 November 2020 }}</ref>
+* [[Afrikaner nationalism]]<ref name=Pumza/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://theoutline.com/post/2433/the-rise-and-fall-of-south-africa-s-far-right |title=The rise and fall of South Africa’s far right |last=Lyster |first=Rosa |date=30 October 2017 |website=[[The Outline (website)|The Outline]] |publisher=[[Bustle (magazine)|Bustle]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180409211350/https://theoutline.com/post/2433/the-rise-and-fall-of-south-africa-s-far-right?zd=1&zi=7c5i75tj |archive-date=9 April 2018 }}</ref><ref name=riaan>{{cite thesis |last=Visagie |first=Riaan |date=March 2018 |title=Struggle(s) for Self-determination: Afrikaner Aspirations in the Twenty-first Century |url=https://scholar.sun.ac.za/server/api/core/bitstreams/f544a1bc-3588-4b75-9cc4-a7f78fe0c05c/content |publisher=[[Stellenbosch University]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Fogel |first1=Benjamin |last2=Jacobs |first2=Sean |date=21 May 2019 |title=Why South Africa Needs a Democratic Socialism |url=https://jacobin.com/2019/05/south-africa-elections-democratic-socialism-parties |url-status=live |magazine=[[Jacobin (magazine)|Jacobin]] |publisher= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220621004358/https://jacobin.com/2019/05/south-africa-elections-democratic-socialism-parties |archive-date=21 June 2022 }}</ref>
-| founded          = {{nowrap|{{Start date and age|1994|03|01|df=y}}<br/>(as ''Freedom Front'')}}
+* [[Afrikaners|Afrikaner]] [[self-determination]]<ref name=riaan/>
-| dissolved        = <!-- {{End date|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
+* [[Cape independence]]<ref name=dm>{{cite news |last1=Pilling |first1=David |last2=Mark |first2=Monica |date=31 March 2024 |title=South African election turns populist as parties play anti-foreigner card |url=https://www.ft.com/content/fab05c4c-27ea-49a5-8750-7649e6b08fd9 |work=[[Financial Times]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Charles |first1=Marvin |date=8 April 2024 |title=Elections 2024: Tension simmers as Freedom Front Plus eyes coalition with DA in Western Cape |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/elections-2024-tension-simmers-as-freedom-front-plus-eyes-coalition-with-da-in-western-cape-20240408 |url-status=live |work=[[News24]] |publisher=[[Media24]] }}</ref>
-| merger           = {{Plainlist}}
+* [[Right-wing populism]]<ref name=dm/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Love |first1=Jason |date=14 February 2023 |title=As 2024 elections loom, South Africa needs laws to keep small right-wing parties from controlling coalitions |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2023-02-14-sa-needs-laws-to-keep-small-right-wing-parties-from-controlling-coalitions/ |url-status=live |work=[[Daily Maverick]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319220221/https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2023-02-14-sa-needs-laws-to-keep-small-right-wing-parties-from-controlling-coalitions/ |archive-date=19 March 2023 }}</ref>
-* Freedom Front
+* '''Historical:'''
-* [[Conservative Party (South Africa)|Conservative Party]] {{small|(in 2003)}}
+* [[Volkstaat]]<ref name=“garethvos”>{{Cite web |title=Goodbye, Freedom Front Plus, and thanks for coming |url=https://www.businesslive.co.za/amp/bd/opinion/columnists/2013-09-03-goodbye-freedom-front-plus-and-thanks-for-coming/ |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=BusinessLIVE |language=en-ZA }}</ref>
-* [[Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging|AEB]] {{small|(in 2003)}}
+}}
-* [[Federal Alliance (South Africa)|Federal Alliance]] {{small|(in 2006)}}
+| position = [[Right-wing politics|Right-wing]]<ref name=Pumza/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cfr.org/blog/right-wing-white-party-releases-election-manifesto-south-africa |title=Right-Wing White Party Releases Election Manifesto in South Africa |last=Campbell |first=John |date=28 March 2019 |website=cfr.org |publisher=[[Council on Foreign Relations]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329234613/https://www.cfr.org/blog/right-wing-white-party-releases-election-manifesto-south-africa |archive-date=29 March 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Magome |first1=Mogomotsi |date=24 October 2019 |title=Leader of South Africa's leading opposition party resigns |url=https://apnews.com/general-news-9cfb7a920a4b4b8c8560c6297cdad535 |work=[[AP News]] }}</ref>
-{{Endplainlist}}
+| religion =
-| split            = {{lang|af|[[Afrikaner Volksfront]]|italic=no}}
+| national = {{plainlist|
-| predecessor      =
+* [[Conservative Party (South Africa)|KP]]–[[Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging|AEB]]–[[Federal Alliance (South Africa)|FA]] {{small|(2003–2006)}}
-| merged           =
+* [[Multi-Party Charter]] {{small|(since 2023)}}
-| successor        =
+}}
-| headquarters     = Highveld Office Park<br/>Charles de Gaulle Crescent<br/>[[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]<br>[[Gauteng]]
+| international = [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization|UNPO]] {{small|(since 2008)}}
-| newspaper        =
+| colours = {{colorbox|{{party color|Freedom Front Plus}}|border=silver}} [[Orange]] {{colorbox|#008000|border=silver}} [[Green]]
-| student_wing     =
+| slogan = ''Slaan Terug'' (Fight Back)<ref>{{cite news |date=10 May 2019 |title=Election’s biggest little winners — FF+ Freedom Front Plus |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2019-05-10-elections-biggest-little-winners-ff/ |url-status=live |work=[[Mail & Guardian]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710131252/https://mg.co.za/article/2019-05-10-elections-biggest-little-winners-ff/ |archive-date=10 July 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Haffajee
-| youth_wing       = Freedom Front Plus Youth
+ |first1=Ferial |date=14 May 2019 |title=White anxiety and the rise of the Freedom Front Plus |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2019-05-14-white-anxiety-and-the-rise-of-the-freedom-front-plus/ |url-status=live |work=Daily Maverick |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724024157/https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2019-05-14-white-anxiety-and-the-rise-of-the-freedom-front-plus/ |archive-date=24 July 2019 }}</ref>
-| wing1_title      =
+| anthem =
-| wing1            =
+| seats1_title = [[National Assembly (South Africa)|National Assembly]]
-| wing2_title      =
+| seats1 = {{Composition bar|10|400|hex={{party color|Freedom Front Plus}}}}
-| wing2            =
+| seats2_title = [[National Council of Provinces]]
-| wing3_title      =
+| seats2 = {{Composition bar|3|90|hex={{party color|Freedom Front Plus}}}}
-| wing3            =
+| seats3_title = [[Provincial legislature (South Africa)|Provincial Legislatures]]
-| membership_year  =
+| seats3 = {{Composition bar|11|430|hex={{party color|Freedom Front Plus}}}}
-| membership       =
+| seats4_title = [[City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality|City of Tshwane]]
-| religion         =
+| seats4 = {{Composition bar|17|214|hex={{party color|Freedom Front Plus}}}}
-| national         = [[Multi-Party Charter]]
+| seats5_title = [[City of Cape Town|Cape Town City Council]]
-| international    = [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]]
+| seats5 = {{Composition bar|4|231|hex={{party colour|Freedom Front Plus}}}}
-| affiliation1_title =
+| website = {{Official URL}}
-| affiliation1     =
+| country = South Africa
-| colours          = {{color box|#017F01}} Green <br> {{color box|#FF6600}} Dark orange
-| blank1_title     =
-| blank1           =
-| blank2_title     =
-| blank2           =
-| blank3_title     =
-| blank3           =
-| seats1_title     = [[National Assembly (South Africa)|National Assembly]] seats
-| seats1           = {{Composition bar|10|400|hex={{party color|Freedom Front Plus}}}}
-| seats2_title     = [[National Council of Provinces|NCOP]] seats
-| seats2           = {{Composition bar|3|90|hex={{party color|Freedom Front Plus}}}}
-| seats3_title     = [[Provincial legislature (South Africa)|Provincial Legislatures]]
-| seats3           = {{Composition bar|11|430|hex={{party color|Freedom Front Plus}}}}
-| seats4_title     = [[City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality]]
-| seats4           = {{Composition bar|17|214|hex={{party color|Freedom Front Plus}}}}
-| seats5_title     = [[City of Cape Town|Cape Town City Council]]
-| seats5           = {{Composition bar|4|231|hex={{party colour|Freedom Front Plus}}}}
-| symbol           =
-| flag             =
-| website          = {{Official URL}}
-| country          = South Africa
-| footnotes        =
 }}
 The '''Freedom Front Plus''' ('''FF Plus'''; {{lang-af|Vryheidsfront Plus}}, ''VF Plus'') is a [[right-wing]] political party in [[South Africa]] that was formed (as the Freedom Front) in 1994. It is led by [[Pieter Groenewald]].

Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	United States