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{{Infobox academic
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In the 1990s, Hartl attended [[Harvard University]] for his undergraduate studies, graduating with a bachelor's degree in physics. Hartl obtained his doctorate from the [[California Institute of Technology]] in 2003, where he researched [[black hole]] dynamics. His dissertation was titled ''Dynamics of Spinning Compact Binaries in General Relativity''.<ref name="Caltech">{{cite thesis |title=Dynamics of Spinning Compact Binaries in General Relativity |last=Hartl |first=Michael |publisher=California Institute of Technology |location=Pasadena, California |date=2003 |url=http://thesis.library.caltech.edu/1940/ |degree=PhD |access-date=2024-06-08}}</ref>
In the 1990s, Hartl attended [[Harvard University]] for his undergraduate studies, graduating with a bachelor's degree in physics. Hartl obtained his doctorate from the [[California Institute of Technology]] in 2003, where he researched [[black hole]] dynamics. His dissertation was titled ''Dynamics of Spinning Compact Binaries in General Relativity''.<ref name="Caltech">{{cite thesis |title=Dynamics of Spinning Compact Binaries in General Relativity |last=Hartl |first=Michael |publisher=California Institute of Technology |location=Pasadena, California |date=2003 |url=http://thesis.library.caltech.edu/1940/ |degree=PhD |access-date=2024-06-08}}</ref>


In 2010, Hartl published ''The Tau Manifesto'', in which he proposed using the Greek letter [[tau]] to represent the circle constant {{math|1=''&tau;'' = ''C''/''r'' = 2''&pi;''}},<ref name="Hartl_2010">{{cite web |title=The Tau Manifesto |author-first=Michael |author-last=Hartl |date=2010-03-14 |url=https://hexnet.org/files/documents/tau-manifesto.pdf |access-date=2019-08-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718051848/http://www.math.utah.edu/~palais/pi.pdf |archive-date=2019-07-18}}</ref> the first time tau was publicly proposed for this purpose.<ref name="WallStreetJournal"></ref><ref name="CNNTauDay"></ref> ''The Tau Manifesto'' proved popular,<ref name="SciAmTaoOfTao">{{cite web |last=Landau |first=Elizabeth |title=The Tao of Tau |website=Scientific American |date=2017-06-27 |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/observations/the-tao-of-tau/ |access-date=2024-07-11}}</ref> and a revised edition was published in 2019.<ref name="Hartl_2019">{{cite web |title=The Tau Manifesto |author-first=Michael |author-last=Hartl |date=2019-03-14 |orig-date=2010-03-14 |url=http://tauday.com/tau-manifesto |access-date=2013-09-14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190628230418/https://tauday.com/tau-manifesto |archive-date=2019-06-28}}</ref> With the initial publication of ''The Tau Manifesto'' in 2010, Hartl also founded Tau Day as a mathematical celebration and to promote adoption of the new constant.<ref name="TauDay"></ref> Observed annually on [[June 28]], or 6/28 (in analogy with the celebration of [[Pi Day]] on 3/14),<ref name="CNNTauDay"></ref><ref name="TauDay"></ref> Tau Day has become a widely celebrated mathematical holiday.<ref name="WallStreetJournal"></ref><ref name="CNNTauDay"></ref><ref name="MITTauDay">{{cite web |website=MIT official Twitter account |date=2019-06-28 |url=https://x.com/MIT/status/1144622756044185600 || access-date=2024-07-11 }}</ref><ref name="SLMathTauDay">{{cite web |website=Simons Laufer Mathematical Sciences Institute |date=2024-06-20 |url=https://www2.slmath.org/tau-day-2024 |access-date=2024-07-11}}</ref> Hartl's constant has also seen significant adoption, including support for tau in the official Google calculator<ref name="GoogleCalculator">{{cite web |website=google.com |url=https://www.google.com/search?q=tau*1 |access-date=2024-07-11}}</ref> and inclusion in programming languages such as Microsoft.NET,<ref name="DotNETTau">{{cite web |website=github.com |url=https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/pull/37517 |access-date=2024-07-11}}</ref> Java,<ref name="JavaTau">{{cite web |website=oracle.com |url=https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/20/docs/api/java.base/java/lang/Math.html#TAU |access-date=2024-07-11}}</ref> and Python.<ref name="PythonDebate">{{cite web |website=python.org |url=https://bugs.python.org/issue12345 |access-date=2024-07-11}}</ref><ref name="PythonTau">{{cite web website=python.org |url=https://docs.python.org/3/library/math.html#math.tau |access-date=2024-07-11}}</ref>
In 2010, Hartl published ''The Tau Manifesto'', in which he proposed using the Greek letter [[tau]] to represent the circle constant {{math|1=''&tau;'' = ''C''/''r'' = 2''&pi;''}},<ref name="Hartl_2010">{{cite web |title=The Tau Manifesto |author-first=Michael |author-last=Hartl |date=2010-03-14 |url=https://hexnet.org/files/documents/tau-manifesto.pdf |access-date=2019-08-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718051848/http://www.math.utah.edu/~palais/pi.pdf |archive-date=2019-07-18}}</ref> the first time tau was publicly proposed for this purpose.<ref name="WallStreetJournal"></ref><ref name="CNNTauDay"></ref> ''The Tau Manifesto'' proved popular,<ref name="SciAmTaoOfTao">{{cite web |last=Landau |first=Elizabeth |title=The Tao of Tau |website=Scientific American |date=2017-06-27 |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/observations/the-tao-of-tau/ |access-date=2024-07-11}}</ref> and a revised edition was published in 2019.<ref name="Hartl_2019">{{cite web |title=The Tau Manifesto |author-first=Michael |author-last=Hartl |date=2019-03-14 |orig-date=2010-03-14 |url=http://tauday.com/tau-manifesto |access-date=2013-09-14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190628230418/https://tauday.com/tau-manifesto |archive-date=2019-06-28}}</ref> With the initial publication of ''The Tau Manifesto'' in 2010, Hartl also founded Tau Day as a mathematical celebration and to promote adoption of the new constant.<ref name="TauDay"></ref> Observed annually on [[June 28]], or 6/28 (in analogy with the celebration of [[Pi Day]] on 3/14),<ref name="CNNTauDay"></ref><ref name="TauDay"></ref> Tau Day has become a widely celebrated mathematical holiday.<ref name="WallStreetJournal"></ref><ref name="CNNTauDay"></ref><ref name="MITTauDay">{{cite tweet |user=MIT |number=1144622756044185600 | access-date=2024-07-11 |title=Three cheers for double Pi! #TauDay http://mitsha.re/i9TP50uP4Id<br/>Image: Chelsea Turner/MIT}}</ref><ref name="SLMathTauDay">{{cite web |website=Simons Laufer Mathematical Sciences Institute |date=2024-06-20 |url=https://www2.slmath.org/tau-day-2024 |access-date=2024-07-11 |title=Tau Day 2024}}</ref> Hartl's constant has also seen significant adoption, including support for tau in the official Google calculator<ref name="GoogleCalculator">{{cite web |website=google.com |url=https://www.google.com/search?q=tau*1 |access-date=2024-07-11 |title=tau*1}}</ref> and inclusion in programming languages such as Microsoft.NET,<ref name="DotNETTau">{{cite web |website=github.com |url=https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/pull/37517 |access-date=2024-07-11 |title= Add Math.Tau, MathF.Tau #37517 }}</ref> Java,<ref name="JavaTau">{{cite web |website=oracle.com |url=https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/20/docs/api/java.base/java/lang/Math.html#TAU |title=TAU |department=Math (Java SE 20 & JDK 20) |access-date=2024-07-11}}</ref> and Python.<ref name="PythonDebate">{{cite web |website=python.org |url=https://bugs.python.org/issue12345 |title= Add math.tau |access-date=2024-07-11}}</ref><ref name="PythonTau">{{cite web |website=python.org |url=https://docs.python.org/3/library/math.html#math.tau |title= math.tau |department=Python 3.12.4 documentation |access-date=2024-07-11}}</ref>


==Selected publications==
==Selected publications==

Revision as of 21:02, 12 July 2024


Michael Hartl
Born
United States
NationalityAmerican
Occupation(s)Mathematician, programmer, writer
Academic background
EducationCalifornia Institute of Technology
ThesisDynamics of Spinning Compact Binaries in General Relativity (2003)
Academic work
Main interestsBlack hole dynamics
Tau
Computational physics
Programming languages
Notable worksThe Tau Manifesto
Websitewww.michaelhartl.com

Michael Hartl is an American physicist, author, and entrepreneur.[1][2] He is best known as the creator of the Ruby on Rails Tutorial,[3][4][5] founder of Tau Day,[1][6][7][8] and author of The Tau Manifesto.[1][9][10] In The Tau Manifesto, Hartl proposes replacing pi (π) with tau (2π).[7][11]

Education

In the 1990s, Hartl attended Harvard University for his undergraduate studies, graduating with a bachelor's degree in physics. Hartl obtained his doctorate from the California Institute of Technology in 2003, where he researched black hole dynamics. His dissertation was titled Dynamics of Spinning Compact Binaries in General Relativity.[12]

In 2010, Hartl published The Tau Manifesto, in which he proposed using the Greek letter tau to represent the circle constant τ = C/r = 2π,[13] the first time tau was publicly proposed for this purpose.[1][6] The Tau Manifesto proved popular,[14] and a revised edition was published in 2019.[15] With the initial publication of The Tau Manifesto in 2010, Hartl also founded Tau Day as a mathematical celebration and to promote adoption of the new constant.[8] Observed annually on June 28, or 6/28 (in analogy with the celebration of Pi Day on 3/14),[6][8] Tau Day has become a widely celebrated mathematical holiday.[1][6][16][17] Hartl's constant has also seen significant adoption, including support for tau in the official Google calculator[18] and inclusion in programming languages such as Microsoft.NET,[19] Java,[20] and Python.[21][22]

Selected publications

Scientific articles

  • Hartl, Michael D. (2003). "Lyapunov exponents in constrained and unconstrained ordinary differential equations". Phys. Rev. E. arXiv:physics/0303077. Bibcode:2003physics...3077H.
  • Hartl, Michael D. (2003). "Dynamics of spinning test particles in Kerr spacetime". Physical Review D. 67 (2): 024005. arXiv:gr-qc/0210042. Bibcode:2003PhRvD..67b4005H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.67.024005. ISSN 0556-2821.
  • Hartl, Michael D. (2003). "Survey of spinning test particle orbits in Kerr spacetime". Physical Review D. 67 (10): 104023. arXiv:gr-qc/0302103. Bibcode:2003PhRvD..67j4023H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.67.104023. ISSN 0556-2821.
  • Hartl, Michael; Buonanno, Alessandra (2005). "Dynamics of precessing binary black holes using the post-Newtonian approximation". Physical Review D. 71 (2): 024027. arXiv:gr-qc/0407091. Bibcode:2005PhRvD..71b4027H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.71.024027. ISSN 1550-7998.

Books

  • Hartl, Michael (2022). Ruby on Rails Tutorial. Boston Columbus New York San Francisco Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Sinapore Taipei Tokyo: Addison-Wesley Professional Ruby Series. ISBN 978-0-13-804984-3.
  • Hartl, Michael (2022). Learn Enough Developer Tools to Be Dangerous. Addison-Wesley Professional. ISBN 978-0-13-784345-9.
  • Hartl, Michael (2022). Learn Enough JavaScript to Be Dangerous. Addison-Wesley Professional. ISBN 978-0-13-784374-9.
  • Hartl, Michael (2023). Learn Enough Python to Be Dangerous. Boston: Addison-Wesley Professional. ISBN 978-0-13-805095-5.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e McMillan, Robert (August 13, 2012). "For Math Fans, Nothing Can Spoil Pi Day—Except Maybe Tau Day". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on March 14, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  2. ^ "Michael Hartl". InformIT. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  3. ^ Cooper, Peter (July 30, 2020). "A Q&A with Michael Hartl". Superhighway Ruby Interview Series. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  4. ^ Olsen, Russ (August 13, 2012). "An Interview with Michael Hartl: Ruby on Rails, the "Magic" Problem, and the Higgs Boson". InformIT. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  5. ^ Bazinet, Robert (April 12, 2011). "Learning Ruby on Rails with Michael Hartl". InfoQ. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  6. ^ a b c d Landau, Elizabeth (June 28, 2011). "In case Pi Day wasn't enough, it's now 'Tau Day' on the Internet". CNN. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  7. ^ a b Bartholomew, Randyn Charles (June 25, 2014). "Why Tau Trumps Pi". Scientific American. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  8. ^ a b c Hartl, Michael (August 13, 2012). "Tau Day". tauday.com. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  9. ^ Hartl, Michael (June 28, 2010). "The Tau Manifesto". tauday.com. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  10. ^ Hartl, Michael (June 28, 2010). "The Tau Manifesto". Amazon.com. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  11. ^ Aron, Jacob (2011). "Michael Hartl: It's time to kill off pi". New Scientist. 209 (2794): 23. Bibcode:2011NewSc.209...23A. doi:10.1016/S0262-4079(11)60036-5.
  12. ^ Hartl, Michael (2003). Dynamics of Spinning Compact Binaries in General Relativity (PhD thesis). Pasadena, California: California Institute of Technology. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  13. ^ Hartl, Michael (March 14, 2010). "The Tau Manifesto" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on July 18, 2019. Retrieved August 5, 2019.
  14. ^ Landau, Elizabeth (June 27, 2017). "The Tao of Tau". Scientific American. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  15. ^ Hartl, Michael (March 14, 2019) [2010-03-14]. "The Tau Manifesto". Archived from the original on June 28, 2019. Retrieved September 14, 2013.
  16. ^ @MIT (June 28, 2019). "Three cheers for double Pi! #TauDay http://mitsha.re/i9TP50uP4Id
    Image: Chelsea Turner/MIT"     (Tweet). Retrieved July 11, 2024 – via Twitter.
  17. ^ "Tau Day 2024". Simons Laufer Mathematical Sciences Institute. June 20, 2024. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  18. ^ "tau*1". google.com. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  19. ^ "Add Math.Tau, MathF.Tau #37517". github.com. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  20. ^ "TAU". Math (Java SE 20 & JDK 20). oracle.com. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  21. ^ "Add math.tau". python.org. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
  22. ^ "math.tau". Python 3.12.4 documentation. python.org. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
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