Asian Colombians: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox ethnic group |
{{Infobox ethnic group |
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| group = Asian-Colombians |
| group = Asian-Colombians |
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| native_name_lang = |
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| flag = <br>{{flagicon|China}} {{flagicon|Hong Kong}} {{flagicon|Macao}} {{flagicon|Taiwan}} {{flagicon|Vietnam}} {{flagicon|Israel}} {{flagicon|Syria}} {{flagicon|Indonesia}} {{flagicon|Pakistan}} {{flagicon|Cambodia}} {{flagicon|Thailand}} {{flagicon|East Timor}} {{flagicon|Laos}} {{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} {{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}} {{flagicon|Japan}} {{flagicon|North Korea}} {{flagicon|South Korea}} {{flagicon|Philippines}} {{flagicon|India}} {{flagicon|Afghanistan}} {{flagicon|Bangladesh}} {{flagicon|Palestine}} {{flagicon|Turkiye}} {{flagicon|Lebanon}} {{flagicon|Mongolia}} {{flagicon|Colombia}} |
| flag = <br>{{flagicon|China}} {{flagicon|Hong Kong}} {{flagicon|Macao}} {{flagicon|Taiwan}} {{flagicon|Vietnam}} {{flagicon|Israel}} {{flagicon|Syria}} {{flagicon|Indonesia}} {{flagicon|Pakistan}} {{flagicon|Cambodia}} {{flagicon|Thailand}} {{flagicon|East Timor}} {{flagicon|Laos}} {{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} {{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}} {{flagicon|Japan}} {{flagicon|North Korea}} {{flagicon|South Korea}} {{flagicon|Philippines}} {{flagicon|India}} {{flagicon|Afghanistan}} {{flagicon|Bangladesh}} {{flagicon|Palestine}} {{flagicon|Turkiye}} {{flagicon|Lebanon}} {{flagicon|Mongolia}} {{flagicon|Colombia}} |
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| flag_alt = The flags of China, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Vietnam, Israel, Syria, Indonesia, Pakistan, Cambodia, Thailand, East Timor, Laos, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Philippines, India, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Palestine, Türkiye, Lebanon, Mongolia, and Colombia |
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| image = Fundación Cultural colombo-coreana.png |
| image = Fundación Cultural colombo-coreana.png |
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| image_caption = Korean-Colombian Cultural Foundation in Bogota, Colombia |
| image_caption = Korean-Colombian Cultural Foundation in Bogota, Colombia |
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| image_alt = The exterior of the Korean-Colombian Cultural Foundation's building in Bogota. |
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| regions = [[Bogotá]], [[Barranquilla]], [[Cali]], [[Cartagena]], [[Medellín]], [[Santa Marta]], [[Neiva]], [[Manizales]], [[Cúcuta]], [[Pereira]] |
| regions = [[Bogotá]], [[Barranquilla]], [[Cali]], [[Cartagena]], [[Medellín]], [[Santa Marta]], [[Neiva]], [[Manizales]], [[Cúcuta]], [[Pereira]] |
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| languages = [[Colombian Spanish]], [[Chinese Language |Chinese]], [[ Japanese Language| Japanese]], [[Korean language|Korean]], [[Languages in India]], [[Arabic]], [[Vietnamese Language | Vietnamese]], [[Armenian Language |Armenian]], [[Turkish Language |Turkish]], [[ Thai Language|Thai]], [[Filipino]], [[Malay]]. |
| languages = [[Colombian Spanish]], [[Chinese Language |Chinese]], [[ Japanese Language| Japanese]], [[Korean language|Korean]], [[Languages in India]], [[Arabic]], [[Vietnamese Language | Vietnamese]], [[Armenian Language |Armenian]], [[Turkish Language |Turkish]], [[ Thai Language|Thai]], [[Filipino]], [[Malay]]. |
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| related_groups = [[Asians]], [[Arabs]], [[Colombians]], [[Arab Colombians]] |
| related_groups = [[Asians]], [[Arabs]], [[Colombians]], [[Arab Colombians]] |
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}} |
}} |
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The term '''Asian-Colombians''' ( |
The term '''Asian-Colombians''' ([[Spanish language|Spanish]]: colombianos asiáticos) refers to [[Asia|Asian]] immigrants in [[Colombia]] and their descendants. The majority of Asian-Colombians are of [[China|Chinese]] and [[Japan|Japanese]] descendent,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Semana |date=2006-10-28 |title=Chinos y japoneses |trans-title=Chinese and Japanese (peoples) |url=https://www.semana.com/especiales/articulo/chinos-japoneses/81654-3/ |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=Semana.com Últimas Noticias de Colombia y el Mundo |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=LOS CHINOS EN COLOMBIA: HISTORIA, DIÁSPORA E IDENTIDAD |trans-title=The Chinese in Colombia: History, Diaspora and Identity |url=https://mareaspacifico.univalle.edu.co/los-chinos-en-colombia-historia-diaspora-e-identidad/ |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Radio |first=Redacción BLU |date=2018-09-09 |title=Chinos en Colombia: así es la vida de inmigrantes asiáticos en el país |trans-title=Chinese (people) in Colombia: How life of Asian Immigrants is in the country |url=https://www.bluradio.com/mundo/chinos-en-colombia-asi-es-la-vida-de-inmigrantes-asiaticos-en-el-pais |access-date=2022-06-21 |website=Blu Radio |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rodríguez |first=Carolina |date=2018 |title=INMIGRACIÓN JAPONESA A BOGOTÁ: HISTORIAS DE VIDA |trans-title=Japanese Immigration into Bogota: Life Stories |url=https://repository.javeriana.edu.co/bitstream/handle/10554/44097/TG-%20Rodriguez%20Monclou%2C%20Carolina.pdf?sequence=1isAllowed=y |journal=Repository Universidad Javeriana |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Semana |date=25 October 2018 |title=Así llegaron los primeros migrantes japoneses a Colombia |trans-title=How the first Japanese migrants arrived in Colombia. |url=https://www.semana.com/contenidos-editoriales/japon-el-mundo-al-derecho/articulo/asi-llegaron-los-primeros-migrantes-japoneses-a-colombia/588271/ |access-date=22 June 2022 |website=Semana.com Últimas Noticias de Colombia y el Mundo |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Redacción |title=Las culturas asiáticas escondidas en Colombia |trans-title=The hide-and-seek Asian cultures in Colombia |url=https://panoramacultural.com.co/pueblos/5004/las-culturas-asiaticas-escondidas-en-colombia |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=PanoramaCultural.com.co |language=Spanish}}</ref> with a smaller portion being of [[Korea|Korean]] descendent. There are also notable [[South Asia|South Asian]], [[Southeast Asia|Southeast Asian]], [[Arabs|Arab]], and Asian [[Middle East|Middle Eastern]] descending populations. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Restrepo |first=Estefanía Carvajal |date=15 April 2018 |title=Una pequeña India está surgiendo en el sur de Medellín |trans-title=A little bit of India is emerging in southern Medellín |url=https://www.elcolombiano.com/antioquia/una-pequena-india-esta-surgiendo-en-el-sur-de-medellin-BC8545571 |access-date=21 June 2022 |website=www.elcolombiano.com |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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In 1854, many Chinese migrants arrived in Colombian territory for the construction of the [[Panama Canal Railway]] across the [[Isthmus of Panama]], as the domestic labor force was not sufficient enough.<ref name="Inmigrantes chinos en Colombia">[http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php? Organizaciones chinas en Colombia] [Chinese Organizations in Colombia] (in Spanish)</ref> Around 705 Chinese immigrants came from the [[Guangdong|Guandong province,]]<nowiki/>demonstrating their skills working on the construction of the first [[First transcontinental railroad|Transcontinental Railroad]] on the [[West Coast of the United States|west coast]] of the[[United States]].{{Citation needed|date=July 2024}} The Chinese migrants being [[Chinese railroad workers|brought]] into the projects was a desperate measure by the managers of the railway companies, who did not have enough workers among the native population for the construction and failed to import enough [[Irish people|Irish]], [[Germans|German,]] and other [[European]] migrants to make up for the deficit |
In 1854, many Chinese migrants arrived in Colombian territory for the construction of the [[Panama Canal Railway]] across the [[Isthmus of Panama]], as the domestic labor force was not sufficient enough.<ref name="Inmigrantes chinos en Colombia">[http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php? Organizaciones chinas en Colombia] [Chinese Organizations in Colombia] (in Spanish)</ref> Around 705 Chinese immigrants came from the [[Guangdong|Guandong province,]]<nowiki/>demonstrating their skills working on the construction of the first [[First transcontinental railroad|Transcontinental Railroad]] on the [[West Coast of the United States|west coast]] of the[[United States]].{{Citation needed|date=July 2024}} The Chinese migrants being [[Chinese railroad workers|brought]] into the projects was a desperate measure by the managers of the railway companies, who did not have enough workers among the native population for the construction and failed to import enough [[Irish people|Irish]], [[Germans|German,]] and other [[European]] migrants to make up for the deficit.<ref name="Inmigrantes chinos en Colombia" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Patiño |first=German |title=Chinos y japoneses |trans-title=Chinese and Japanese (peoples) |url=https://www.semana.com/especiales/articulo/chinos-japoneses/81654-3 |access-date=28 October 2006 |website=Semana.com |language=Spanish}}</ref> |
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At the beginning of the 20th century, [[Islam in India|Indian Muslim]] migrants settled in the towns of the [[Cauca River]] valley, some just temporarily and others permanently, to engage in the commercial activity demanded by the new working population of the nascent [[sugar industry]]. These immigrants brought a variety of products to rural areas, both granting [[credit]] and accepting [[barter]].<ref name=":1">Navarrete Pelaz, María Cristina (2017). ''Inmigrantes del este de la India en el valle del río Cauca''. [Immigrants from Eastern India in the Cauca River Valley.] (in Spanish) Universidad del Valle. ISBN 978-958-765-324-3</ref> |
At the beginning of the 20th century, [[Islam in India|Indian Muslim]] migrants settled in the towns of the [[Cauca River]] valley, some just temporarily and others permanently, to engage in the commercial activity demanded by the new working population of the nascent [[sugar industry]]. These immigrants brought a variety of products to rural areas, both granting [[credit]] and accepting [[barter]].<ref name=":1">Navarrete Pelaz, María Cristina (2017). ''Inmigrantes del este de la India en el valle del río Cauca''. [Immigrants from Eastern India in the Cauca River Valley.] (in Spanish) Universidad del Valle. ISBN 978-958-765-324-3</ref> |
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Toraji Irie, a renowned Japanese writer, states in his work on Japanese migration to other regions of the World that the first Japanese migrants who arrived in Colombia in 1903, the year Panama gained [[Separation of Panama from Colombia|independence]] and Colombia lost control of the [[Isthmus of Panama]], came as a result of the Colombian Government seeking help from Japan in hiring |
Toraji Irie, a renowned Japanese writer, states in his work on Japanese migration to other regions of the World that the first Japanese migrants who arrived in Colombia in 1903, the year Panama gained [[Separation of Panama from Colombia|independence]] and Colombia lost control of the [[Isthmus of Panama]], came as a result of the Colombian Government seeking help from Japan in hiring workers to guard land bordering Panama against U.S. incursions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=¿Por qué llegaron los japoneses a Colombia? |trans-title=Why did Japanese people arrive in Colombia? |url=http://elpueblo.com.co/por-que-llegaron-los-japoneses-a-colombia/ |access-date=24 June 2014 |website=El Pueblo |language=Spanish}}</ref> |
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In 1928, this was the smallest migratory group, being somewhat small compared to other [[South America|South American]] countries like [[Brazil]], [[Peru]] or [[Venezuela]]. Despite this, some Japanese families began settling in [[Valle del Cauca Department|Valle del Cauca]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=La sorprendente historia de cómo una novela romántica fue el origen de la migración de japoneses a Colombia |trans-title=The surprising story of how a romantic novel was the origin of Japanese migration to Colombia |url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-44054844 |access-date=2022-06-22 |language=Spanish |agency=BBC News Mundo}}</ref> where many became farmers. Between 1970 and 1980, there was a small yet constant flow of Asian migration (mainly from China) into Colombian cities- primarily [[Bogotá]], [[Barranquilla]], [[Cali]], [[Cartagena, Colombia|Cartagena]], [[Medellín]], [[Santa Marta]], [[Neiva, Huila|Neiva]], [[Manizales]], [[Cúcuta]] and [[Pereira, Colombia|Pereira]]- which continues to this day. Other very small groups of Asian migrants came from [[India]]<ref name=":0" />, [[Indonesia]], [[Pakistan]] and the [[Philippines]]. |
In 1928, this was the smallest migratory group, being somewhat small compared to other [[South America|South American]] countries like [[Brazil]], [[Peru]] or [[Venezuela]]. Despite this, some Japanese families began settling in [[Valle del Cauca Department|Valle del Cauca]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=La sorprendente historia de cómo una novela romántica fue el origen de la migración de japoneses a Colombia |trans-title=The surprising story of how a romantic novel was the origin of Japanese migration to Colombia |url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-44054844 |access-date=2022-06-22 |language=Spanish |agency=BBC News Mundo}}</ref> where many became farmers. Between 1970 and 1980, there was a small yet constant flow of Asian migration (mainly from China) into Colombian cities- primarily [[Bogotá]], [[Barranquilla]], [[Cali]], [[Cartagena, Colombia|Cartagena]], [[Medellín]], [[Santa Marta]], [[Neiva, Huila|Neiva]], [[Manizales]], [[Cúcuta]] and [[Pereira, Colombia|Pereira]]- which continues to this day. Other very small groups of Asian migrants came from [[India]]<ref name=":0" />, [[Indonesia]], [[Pakistan]] and the [[Philippines]]. |
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Between 1970 and 1980 there were more than 6,000 Chinese Immigrants in Colombia, meaning that they continued to arrive and grow in population. Anti-Immigration policies in many other countries is a possible primary cause of continued Chinese immigration into Colombia. Emigration out of China into Colombia generally did not occur the first three decades following the establishment of the [[China|People's Republic of China]], as emigration was restricted. Due to [[Xenophobia]] and [[Sinophobia]] within the United States |
Between 1970 and 1980 there were more than 6,000 Chinese Immigrants in Colombia, meaning that they continued to arrive and grow in population. Anti-Immigration policies in many other countries is a possible primary cause of continued Chinese immigration into Colombia. Emigration out of China into Colombia generally did not occur the first three decades following the establishment of the [[China|People's Republic of China]], as emigration was restricted. Due to [[Xenophobia]] and [[Sinophobia]] within the United States, a significant amount of Chinese people chose to immigrate into other countries, including Colombia.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Friederike Fleischer |title=La diáspora china: una aproximación a la migración china en Colombia |trans-title=The Chinese diaspora: an approximation of migration into Colombia. |url=http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0123-885X2012000100007 |access-date=11 January 2011 |language=Spanish}}</ref> |
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== Diasporic communities == |
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=== Chinese === |
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A large portion of modern (2000's-present) Chinese emigration into Colombian is composed of employees and business executives who have moved to Colombia following [[Multinational corporation|multinational corporations]] they work for, some of which providing housing and accommodations for them directly. This has encouraged the development of [[Diaspora|diasporic]] Chinese [[Ethnic enclave|enclaves]] in cities that welcome multinational corporations, such as Medellín, Barranquilla and Cali. While many Chinese resident workers are on [[Work permit|temporary visas]], the enclaves are established and composed of many permanent Chinese-Colombian [[Permanent residency|residents]] and citizens.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 November 2014 |title=Presencia de chinos en Colombia se ha duplicado en ocho años |trans-title=The presence of Chinese in Colombia has doubled in eight years |url=http://agenciadenoticias.unal.edu.co/detalle/article/presencia-de-chinos-en-colombia-se-ha-duplicado-en-ocho-anos.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170919235250/http://agenciadenoticias.unal.edu.co/detalle/article/presencia-de-chinos-en-colombia-se-ha-duplicado-en-ocho-anos.html |archive-date=19 September 2017 |access-date=3 August 2024 |website=UN News Agency {{!}} Universidad Nacional de Colombia}}</ref> |
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{{See also|Arab Colombians|Afro-Colombians|Immigration to Colombia}} |
{{See also|Arab Colombians|Afro-Colombians|Immigration to Colombia}} |
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Revision as of 15:47, 3 August 2024
                           | |
 Korean-Colombian Cultural Foundation in Bogota, Colombia | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| Bogotá, Barranquilla, Cali, Cartagena, Medellín, Santa Marta, Neiva, Manizales, Cúcuta, Pereira | |
| Languages | |
| Colombian Spanish, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Languages in India, Arabic, Vietnamese, Armenian, Turkish, Thai, Filipino, Malay. | |
| Religion | |
| Buddhism, Catholicism, Hinduism, Islam, Protestantism, Shintoism, Sikhism | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Asians, Arabs, Colombians, Arab Colombians |
The term Asian-Colombians (Spanish: colombianos asiáticos) refers to Asian immigrants in Colombia and their descendants. The majority of Asian-Colombians are of Chinese and Japanese descendent,[1][2][3][4][5][6] with a smaller portion being of Korean descendent. There are also notable South Asian, Southeast Asian, Arab, and Asian Middle Eastern descending populations. [7][8]
History
In 1854, many Chinese migrants arrived in Colombian territory for the construction of the Panama Canal Railway across the Isthmus of Panama, as the domestic labor force was not sufficient enough.[9] Around 705 Chinese immigrants came from the Guandong province,demonstrating their skills working on the construction of the first Transcontinental Railroad on the west coast of theUnited States.[citation needed] The Chinese migrants being brought into the projects was a desperate measure by the managers of the railway companies, who did not have enough workers among the native population for the construction and failed to import enough Irish, German, and other European migrants to make up for the deficit.[9][10]
At the beginning of the 20th century, Indian Muslim migrants settled in the towns of the Cauca River valley, some just temporarily and others permanently, to engage in the commercial activity demanded by the new working population of the nascent sugar industry. These immigrants brought a variety of products to rural areas, both granting credit and accepting barter.[8]
Toraji Irie, a renowned Japanese writer, states in his work on Japanese migration to other regions of the World that the first Japanese migrants who arrived in Colombia in 1903, the year Panama gained independence and Colombia lost control of the Isthmus of Panama, came as a result of the Colombian Government seeking help from Japan in hiring workers to guard land bordering Panama against U.S. incursions.[11]
In 1928, this was the smallest migratory group, being somewhat small compared to other South American countries like Brazil, Peru or Venezuela. Despite this, some Japanese families began settling in Valle del Cauca,[12] where many became farmers. Between 1970 and 1980, there was a small yet constant flow of Asian migration (mainly from China) into Colombian cities- primarily Bogotá, Barranquilla, Cali, Cartagena, Medellín, Santa Marta, Neiva, Manizales, Cúcuta and Pereira- which continues to this day. Other very small groups of Asian migrants came from India[7], Indonesia, Pakistan and the Philippines.
Between 1970 and 1980 there were more than 6,000 Chinese Immigrants in Colombia, meaning that they continued to arrive and grow in population. Anti-Immigration policies in many other countries is a possible primary cause of continued Chinese immigration into Colombia. Emigration out of China into Colombia generally did not occur the first three decades following the establishment of the People's Republic of China, as emigration was restricted. Due to Xenophobia and Sinophobia within the United States, a significant amount of Chinese people chose to immigrate into other countries, including Colombia.[13]
Diasporic communities
Chinese
A large portion of modern (2000's-present) Chinese emigration into Colombian is composed of employees and business executives who have moved to Colombia following multinational corporations they work for, some of which providing housing and accommodations for them directly. This has encouraged the development of diasporic Chinese enclaves in cities that welcome multinational corporations, such as Medellín, Barranquilla and Cali. While many Chinese resident workers are on temporary visas, the enclaves are established and composed of many permanent Chinese-Colombian residents and citizens.[14]
References
- ^ Semana (2006-10-28). "Chinos y japoneses" [Chinese and Japanese (peoples)]. Semana.com Últimas Noticias de Colombia y el Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-06-22.
- ^ "LOS CHINOS EN COLOMBIA: HISTORIA, DIÁSPORA E IDENTIDAD" [The Chinese in Colombia: History, Diaspora and Identity] (in Spanish).
- ^ Radio, Redacción BLU (2018-09-09). "Chinos en Colombia: así es la vida de inmigrantes asiáticos en el país" [Chinese (people) in Colombia: How life of Asian Immigrants is in the country]. Blu Radio (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-06-21.
- ^ Rodríguez, Carolina (2018). "INMIGRACIÓN JAPONESA A BOGOTÁ: HISTORIAS DE VIDA" [Japanese Immigration into Bogota: Life Stories] (PDF). Repository Universidad Javeriana (in Spanish).
- ^ Semana (25 October 2018). "Así llegaron los primeros migrantes japoneses a Colombia" [How the first Japanese migrants arrived in Colombia.]. Semana.com Últimas Noticias de Colombia y el Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 June 2022.
- ^ Redacción. "Las culturas asiáticas escondidas en Colombia" [The hide-and-seek Asian cultures in Colombia]. PanoramaCultural.com.co (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-06-22.
- ^ a b Restrepo, Estefanía Carvajal (15 April 2018). "Una pequeña India está surgiendo en el sur de Medellín" [A little bit of India is emerging in southern Medellín]. www.elcolombiano.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 June 2022.
- ^ a b Navarrete Pelaz, María Cristina (2017). Inmigrantes del este de la India en el valle del río Cauca. [Immigrants from Eastern India in the Cauca River Valley.] (in Spanish) Universidad del Valle. ISBN 978-958-765-324-3
- ^ a b Organizaciones chinas en Colombia [Chinese Organizations in Colombia] (in Spanish)
- ^ Patiño, German. "Chinos y japoneses" [Chinese and Japanese (peoples)]. Semana.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 October 2006.
- ^ "¿Por qué llegaron los japoneses a Colombia?" [Why did Japanese people arrive in Colombia?]. El Pueblo (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 June 2014.
- ^ "La sorprendente historia de cómo una novela romántica fue el origen de la migración de japoneses a Colombia" [The surprising story of how a romantic novel was the origin of Japanese migration to Colombia] (in Spanish). BBC News Mundo. Retrieved 2022-06-22.
- ^ Friederike Fleischer. "La diáspora china: una aproximación a la migración china en Colombia" [The Chinese diaspora: an approximation of migration into Colombia.] (in Spanish). Retrieved 11 January 2011.
- ^ "Presencia de chinos en Colombia se ha duplicado en ocho años" [The presence of Chinese in Colombia has doubled in eight years]. UN News Agency | Universidad Nacional de Colombia. 20 November 2014. Archived from the original on 19 September 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2024.