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{{Israel-Palestinian peace process}}
#REDIRECT [[International recognition of the State of Palestine]]
'''Palestine 194''' is the name commonly given to a diplomatic campaign by the [[Palestinian National Authority]] to gain membership for the [[State of Palestine]] in the United Nations at its 66th Session in September 2011.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Schell, Bernhard|title=UN will count 194 members if Palestine gets in|url=http://www.indepthnews.info/index.php/global-issues/299-un-will-count-194-members-if-palestine-gets-in|date=31 July 2011|newspaper=InDepthNews|accessdate=2011-08-01}}</ref> It seeks to effectively gain [[International recognition of the State of Palestine|legal recognition]] for a Palestinian state based on the borders prior to the [[Six Day War]], with [[East Jerusalem]] as its capital. The initiative developed during the two-year impasse in negotiations with Israel that followed the latter's refusal to freeze its [[Israeli settlement|settlement activities]] in the West Bank. It was first reported in late 2009,<ref>{{Cite news|author=Phillips, Leigh|title=EU rejects request to recognise independent Palestine|url=http://euobserver.com/24/29006|date=17 November 2009|newspaper=EUobserver.com|accessdate=2011-08-30}}</ref> are is scheduled to culminate on 20 September,<ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff writers|title=Officials set date for 'Palestine 194' march|url=http://aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2011/08/201181185654921787.html|newspaper=Al Jazeera|date=1 August 2011|accessdate=2011-08-02}}</ref> when the Arab League will submit an application to the United Nations to accept Palestine as a member state.<ref name="erekat">{{Cite book|author=Erekat, Saeb|title=The Eminence of September|url=http://www.group194.net/english/index.php?mode=book&id=67|publisher=Group 194}}</ref>

The endeavour was formally backed by the [[League of Arab States]] in May,<ref name="alplan">{{Cite news|author=Sawafta, A.|title=Arabs to seek full Palestinian upgrade at UN|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/07/14/us-palestinians-israel-statehood-arabs-idUSTRE76D21020110714|newspaper=Reuters|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=14 July 2011|accessdate=2011-07-19}}</ref> and was officially confirmed by the Palestine Liberation Organization on 26 June.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff writers|title=Arab League Requests Palestinian Statehood from U.N.|url=http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=10400&Itemid=29|newspaper=Palestine News Network|date=6 July 2011|accessdate=2011-07-19}}</ref> The decision has been labelled by the Israeli government as a unilateral step. Several other countries, such as Germany and Canada, have also denounced the decision and called for a prompt return to negotiations. Many others, however, such as Norway and Russia, have endorsed the plan, as has [[Secretary-General of the United Nations|Secretary-General]] [[Ban Ki-moon]], who stated, "UN members are entitled whether to vote for or against the Palestinian statehood recognition at the UN."<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ashkar, Alaa|coauthor=Bannoura, Saed|title=UN Secretary-General Supports Full Palestinian Membership|url=http://www.imemc.org/article/61985|date=9 September 2011|newspaper=IMEMC News|publisher=International Middle East Media Center|accessdate=2011-09-09}}</ref> The Palestinian government believes it is essential in order to mitigate the current impasse.

==Campaign==
{{See|International recognition of the State of Palestine}}
Diplomatic efforts to gain support for the bid gained momentum following a succession of endorsements from South America in early 2011.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Waked, Ali|title=Argentina, Uruguay recognize Palestinian state|newspaper=Israel News|publisher=Yedioth Internet|date=7 December 2010|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3995297,00.html|accessdate=2010-12-07}}</ref><ref name="warroom">{{Cite news|author=Ravid, Barak|title=Palestinians set up diplomatic 'war room' ahead of September vote on statehood|url=http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/palestinians-set-up-diplomatic-war-room-ahead-of-september-vote-on-statehood-1.371198|date=4 July 2011|newspaper=Haaretz|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref> High-level delegations led by [[Yasser Abed Rabbo]], [[Riyad al-Maliki]], [[Saeb Erekat]], [[Nabil Shaath]] and [[Riyad H. Mansour|Riyad Mansour]] paid visits to many states. Palestinian [[List of diplomatic missions of Palestine|ambassadors]], assisted by those of other Arab states, were charged with enlisting the support of the governments to which they were accredited.<ref name="warroom"/> During the lead-up to the vote, [[Russia]], [[Spain]] and the [[People's Republic of China]] have publicly pledged support the Palestinian bid,<ref>{{Cite news|author=Sherwood, Harriet|title=Dmitry Medvedev restates Russian support for Palestinian state|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jan/18/dmitry-medvedev-russia-palestinian-state|date=18 January 2011|newspaper=The Guardian|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Media agencies|title=China announces support for Palestinian UN statehood bid|date=26 August 2011|url=http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/china-announces-support-for-palestinian-un-statehood-bid-1.380725|newspaper=Haaretz|accessdate=2011-08-31}}</ref> as have inter-governmental organisations such as the [[African Union]],<ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff writers|title=African Union declares support for Palestine|url=http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=355797|publisher=Ma'an News Agency|date=31 January 2011|accessdate=2011-09-09}}</ref> and the [[Non-Aligned Movement]].<ref>{{Cite news|author=Agence France-Presse|title=Non-Aligned movement confirms support for Palestinian statehood bid|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/09/06/165700.html|newspaper=Al Arabiya|date=6 September 2011|accessdate=2011-09-09}}</ref>

===Israeli counter-measures===
Israeli measures to counter the initiative also increased,<ref name="almasry">{{Cite news|author=Staff writers|title=Israeli minister says Palestinians losing UN bid|url=http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/478436|date=18 July 2011|newspaper=Almasry Alyoum|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref> and Germany, [[Italy]], Canada and the U.S. announced publicly they would vote against the resolution.<ref name="warroom"/> Israeli and U.S. diplomats began a campaign pressuring many countries to oppose or abstain from the vote.<ref name="warroom"/> However, because of the "automatic majority" enjoyed by the Palestinians in the General Assembly,<ref>{{Cite book|author=Gruen, G.E.|title=The Palestinians in perspective: implications for Mideast peace and U.S. policy|page=16|year=1982|publisher=Institute of Human Relations Press, American Jewish Committee|isbn=9780874950427}}</ref> the [[Benjamin Netanyahu|Netanyahu]] administration has stated that it does not expect to prevent a resolution from passing should it go ahead.<ref name="almasry"/><ref>{{Cite news|author=Medzini, Ronen|title=Palestinian UN bid: Israel's battle for Europe|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4074239,00.html|date=26 May 2011|newspaper=Ynetnews|publisher=Yedioth Internet|accessdate=2011-09-04}}</ref> In August, ''Haaretz'' quoted the Israeli ambassador to the United Nations, [[Ron Prosor]], as stating that Israel stood no chance of altering the outcome of a resolution at the General Assembly by September. "The maximum that we can hope to gain is for a group of states who will abstain or be absent during the vote," wrote Prosor. "Only a few countries will vote against the Palestinian initiative."<ref name="prosor">{{Cite news|author=Ravid, Barak|title=UN envoy Prosor: Israel has no chance of stopping recognition of Palestinian state|url=http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/un-envoy-prosor-israel-has-no-chance-of-stopping-recognition-of-palestinian-state-1.381062|date=28 August 2011|newspaper=Haaretz|accessdate=2011-08-31}}</ref>

Instead, the Israeli government has focused on obtaining a "moral majority" of major democratic powers, in an attempt to diminish the weight of the vote.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Somfalvi, Attila|title=PA to soften UN statehood bid?|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4110374,00.html|date=17 August 2011|newspaper=Ynetnews|publisher=Yedioth Internet|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Keinon, Herb|title=EU split over UN recognition of Palestinian state|url=http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=217680|date=24 April 2011|newspaper=The Jerusalem Post|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref> Considerable weight has been placed on the position of the [[European Union]],<ref>{{Cite news|author=Perry, Dan; Melvin, Don|title=Europe May Have Key Role in Palestinians’ UN Maneuver|url=http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/europe-may-have-key-role-palestinians-un|date=26 May 2011|newspaper=CNS News|publisher=Cybercast News Service|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref><ref name="susser"/> which has not yet been announced. EU foreign policy chief [[Catherine Ashton]] has stated that it is likely to depend on the wording of the resolution.<ref name="ashton">{{Cite news|author=Agence France-Presse|title=Palestinians see progress in EU stance on UN bid|url=http://www.france24.com/en/20110828-palestinians-see-progress-eu-stance-un-bid|date=28 August 2011|newspaper=France 24|accessdate=2011-08-01}}</ref> At the end of August, Israel's defence minister [[Ehud Barak]] told Ashton that Israel was seeking to influence the wording: "It is very important that all the players come up with a text that will emphasise the quick return to negotiations, without an effort to impose pre-conditions on the sides."<ref name="keinonaug">{{Cite news|author=Keinon, Herb|title=Israel looks to influence text of PA statehood resolution|url=http://www.jpost.com/DiplomacyAndPolitics/Article.aspx?id=235781|newspaper=The Jerusalem Post|date=28 August 2011|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref>

Efforts from both Israel and the U.S. have also focused on pressuring the Palestinian leadership to abandon its plans and return to negotiations.<ref name="susser">{{Cite news|author=Susser, Leslie|title=Pressure mounts on Palestinians to abandon U.N. statehood gambit|url=http://www.jta.org/news/article/2011/06/21/3088237/pressure-mounts-on-palestinians-to-abandon-un-statehood-gambit|publisher=Jewish Telegraph Agency|date=21 June 2011|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref> In the U.S., [[United States Congress|Congress]] passed a bill denouncing the initiative and calling on the [[Barak Obama|Obama]] administration to veto any resolution that would recognise a Palestinian state declared outside of an agreement negotiated by the two parties.<ref>{{Cite web|author=United States Congress|title={{USBill|111|hres|1765}}|date=15 December 2010|publisher=Library of Congress|work=111th Congress}}</ref> A similar bill was passed in the [[United States Senate|Senate]], which also threatened a withdrawal of aid to the West Bank.<ref>{{Cite web|author=United States Senate|title={{USBill|112|sres|185}}|date=28 June 2011|publisher=Library of Congress|work=112th Congress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Mozgovaya, N.|title=U.S. Senate passes resolution threatening to suspend aid to Palestinians|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/u-s-senate-passes-resolution-threatening-to-suspend-aid-to-palestinians-1.370341|newspaper=Haaretz|date=29 June 2011|accessdate=2011-07-05}}</ref> In late August, another congressional bill was introduced which proposes to block U.S. government [[United Nations#Funding|funding for]] any United Nations entity that supports giving Palestine an elevated status.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Mozgovaya, Natasha|title=U.S. bill aims to cut funds to pro-Palestinian UN groups|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/u-s-bill-aims-to-cut-funds-to-pro-palestinian-un-groups-1.381644|date=31 August 2011|newspaper=Haaretz|publisher=The Associated Press|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref> Several top U.S. officials, including ambassador to the United Nations [[Susan Rice]] and consul-general in Jerusalem Daniel Rubinstein, made similar threats.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Swaine, J.|title=US 'could withdraw funding from UN if Palestine state is recognised'|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/palestinianauthority/8597559/US-could-withdraw-funding-from-UN-if-Palestine-state-is-recognised.html|date=24 June 2011|newspaper=The Telegraph|accessdate=2011-07-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff writers|title=U.S.: We will stop aid to Palestinians if UN bid proceeds|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/u-s-we-will-stop-aid-to-palestinians-if-un-bid-proceeds-1.380901|newspaper=Haaretz|date=26 August 2011|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref> In the same month, it was reported that the Israeli Ministry of Finance was withholding its monthly payments to the PNA.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Lapide, Joshua|title=Israel’s increasingly bitter war against Palestinian seat in UN|url=http://www.asianews.it/news-en/Israel’s-increasingly-bitter-war-against-Palestinian-seat-in-UN-22508.html|date=31 August 2011|newspaper=AsiaNews|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref> Foreign Minister [[Avigdor Lieberman]] warned that if the Palestinians made a unilateral approach to the United Nations, they would be in violation of the Oslo Accords, and Israel would no longer consider itself bound by them.<ref name="susser"/> He also recommended cutting all ties with the PNA.<ref name="keinonaug"/>

===Activist initiatives===
The PNA's campaign has seen an increasing level of support in grass-roots activism. [[Avaaz.org|Avaaz]] began an online petition urging all United Nations members to endorse the bid to admit Palestine; it reportedly attained 500,000 e-signatures in its first four days.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Palestine: the world's next nation|url=http://www.avaaz.org/en/independence_for_palestine_9/|publisher=Avaaz.org|accessdate=2011-09-10}}</ref> [[OneVoice Movement|OneVoice Palestine]] launched a domestic campaign in partnership with local news agencies, with the aim of getting the involvement and support of Palestinian citizens.<ref>{{Cite web|author=OneVoice Movement|title=OneVoice youth activists unveil campaign backing Palestinian UN bid|url=http://blog.onevoicemovement.org/one_voice/2011/09/onevoice-youth-activists-unveil-campaign-backing-palestinian-un-bid.html|date=8 September 2011|accessdate=2011-09-09}}</ref> Overseas, campaigns were launched in several nations, calling on their governments to vote "yes" in the resolution.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Concerned Citizens|title=UNRECOGNISED|url=http://www.concernedcitizens.co.nz/unrecognised|accessdate=2011-09-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Sadaka|title=Join Ireland’s call to support UN membership for Palestine!|url=http://sadaka.ie/Home/IrelandsCall.html|accessdate=2011-09-09}}: "...to be printed in the Irish Times on 17th September 2011".</ref> On 7 September, a group of Palestinian activists under the banner "Palestine: State No. 194" staged a demonstration outside the United Nations' office in [[Ramallah]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=The National Campaign|url=http://www.palestinestate194.com/index.php/en/|work=Palestine: State No. 194|accessdate=2011-09-09}}</ref> During this they submitted to the office a letter addressed to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, urging him to "exert all possible efforts toward the achievement of the Palestinian people's just demands". The following day, Ban told reporters: "I support ... the statehood of Palestinians; an independent, sovereign state of Palestine. It has been long overdue," but that "recognition of a state is something to be determined by the member states."<ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff writers|title=UN Secretary General: Palestinian statehood is 'long overdue'|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/un-secretary-general-palestinian-statehood-is-long-overdue-1.383504|date=9 September 2011|newspaper=Haaretz|accessdate=2011-09-09}}</ref>

==Positions of members==
In order for a state to gain membership in the General Assembly, its application must have the support of two-thirds of [[Member states of the United Nations|member states]] with a prior recommendation for admission from the [[United Nations Security Council|Security Council]]. This requires, in particular, the absence of a [[United Nations Security Council veto power|veto]] from any the Security Council's five permanent members.<ref name="erekat"/> At the prospect of a veto from the United States, Palestinian leaders signalled they might opt instead for a more limited upgrade to "non-member state" status, which requires a [[Majority|simple majority]] in the General Assembly.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Vick, Karl|title=The Palestinians' Statehood Dilemma: Full U.N. Membership or Observer Status?|url=http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2091317,00.html|date=1 September 2011|newspaper=Time|publisher=Time Inc|accessdate=2011-09-01}}</ref>

{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! [[Member states of the United Nations|Member state]]
! [[International recognition of the State of Palestine|Rec.]]
! Pos.
! Further details
|-
| {{flag|Afghanistan}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Albania}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Algeria}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Andorra}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Angola}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Argentina}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Armenia}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Australia}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Austria}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Azerbaijan}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Bahamas}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Bahrain}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Barbados}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Belarus}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Belgium|state<!--Use state flag-->}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Belize}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Benin}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Bhutan}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Bolivia|state}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Botswana}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|Brazil}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Brunei|name=<!--Official designation used by the UN-->Brunei Darussalam}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Bulgaria}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Burkina Faso}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Burundi}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Cambodia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Cameroon}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Canada}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Cape Verde}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Central African Republic}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" | <!-- ineligible? http://www.un.org/en/ga/about/art19.shtml -->
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Chad}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Chile}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|People's Republic of China|name=China}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|Colombia}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Comoros}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" | <!-- ineligible? http://www.un.org/en/ga/about/art19.shtml -->
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Congo}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Costa Rica|state<!--Use state flag-->}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{sort|Cote d'Ivoire|{{flag|Côte d'Ivoire}}}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Croatia}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Cuba}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Cyprus}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Czech Republic}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Kingdom of Denmark|name=Denmark}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Djibouti}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Dominica}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Dominican Republic}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Ecuador}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Egypt}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|El Salvador}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Eritrea}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Estonia}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Ethiopia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Fiji}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Finland}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|France}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|Gabon}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Gambia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Georgia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|Germany}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Ghana}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Greece}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Grenada}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Guatemala}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Guinea}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" | <!-- ineligible? http://www.un.org/en/ga/about/art19.shtml -->
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Guyana}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Haiti}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Honduras}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Hungary}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Iceland}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|India}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Indonesia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Iran}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Iraq}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Ireland}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Israel}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Italy}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Jamaica}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Japan}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Jordan}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Kazakhstan}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Kenya}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Kiribati}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|North Korea|name=<!--Official designation used by the UN-->Democratic People's Republic of Korea}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|South Korea|name=<!--Official designation used by the UN-->Republic of Korea}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Kuwait}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Laos}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Latvia}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|Lebanon}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Lesotho}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Liberia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" | <!-- ineligible? http://www.un.org/en/ga/about/art19.shtml -->
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Libya|1977}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Liechtenstein}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Lithuania}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Luxembourg}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Macedonia|name=<!--Official designation used by the UN-->The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Madagascar}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Malawi}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Malaysia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Maldives}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Mali}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Malta}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Marshall Islands}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Mauritania}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Mauritius}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Mexico}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Federated States of Micronesia|name=<!--Official designation used by the UN-->Micronesia (Federated States of)}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Moldova|name=<!--Official designation used by the UN-->Republic of Moldova}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Monaco}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Mongolia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Montenegro}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Morocco}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Mozambique}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Myanmar}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Namibia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Nauru}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Nepal}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Kingdom of the Netherlands<!--Link to sovereign state instead of country-->|name=Netherlands}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|New Zealand}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Nicaragua}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Niger}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|Nigeria}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Norway}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Oman}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Pakistan}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Palau}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Panama}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Papua New Guinea}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Paraguay}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Peru|state<!--Use state flag-->}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Philippines}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Poland}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|Portugal}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Qatar}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Romania}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|Russia|name=<!--Official designation used by the UN-->Russian Federation}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Rwanda}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Saint Lucia}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Samoa}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|San Marino}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe|name=<!--Official designation used by the UN-->Sao Tome and Principe}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" | <!-- ineligible? http://www.un.org/en/ga/about/art19.shtml -->
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Saudi Arabia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Senegal}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Serbia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Seychelles}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Sierra Leone}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Singapore}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Slovakia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Slovenia}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Solomon Islands}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Somalia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" | <!-- ineligible? http://www.un.org/en/ga/about/art19.shtml -->
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|South Africa}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|South Sudan}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Spain}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Sri Lanka}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Sudan}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Suriname}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Swaziland}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Sweden}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Switzerland}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Syria}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Tajikistan}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Tanzania}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Thailand}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Timor-Leste}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Togo}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Tonga}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Tunisia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Turkey}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Turkmenistan}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Tuvalu}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Uganda}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Ukraine}}
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|United Arab Emirates}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|United Kingdom}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| '''{{flag|United States}}'''
| align="center" style="background:#fa8072;" | No
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Uruguay}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Uzbekistan}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Vanuatu}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Venezuela}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Vietnam|name=<!--Official designation used by the UN-->Viet Nam}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Yemen}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Zambia}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|-
| {{flag|Zimbabwe}}
| align="center" style="background:#ccddff;" | Yes
| align="center" |
| {{sort|~|}}
|}

==See also==
*[[Israel, Palestine, and the United Nations]]
*[[List of United Nations resolutions concerning Israel]]
*[[Proposals for a Palestinian state]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [http://www.avaaz.org/en/independence_for_palestine_9/ Avaaz.org]
* [http://palestine194.org/ Palestine194.org
* [http://www.palestinestate194.com/index.php/en/ Palestine State 194]
* [http://www.onevoice.ps/ OneVoice Palestine]

[[Category:Israel, Palestine, and the United Nations]]
[[Category:Israeli–Palestinian conflict]]
[[Category:Israeli–Palestinian peace efforts]]
[[Category:Palestinian nationalism]]
[[Category:Palestinian politics]]
[[Category:United Nations resolutions concerning Israel]]

Revision as of 19:28, 10 September 2011

Part of a series on
the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Israeli–Palestinian
peace process
History
Camp David Accords1978
Madrid Conference1991
Oslo Accords1993 / 95
Hebron Protocol1997
Wye River Memorandum1998
Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum1999
Camp David Summit2000
The Clinton Parameters2000
Taba Summit2001
Road Map2003
Agreement on Movement and Access2005
Annapolis Conference2007
Mitchell-led talks2010–11
Kerry-led talks2013–14
Primary concerns
Secondary concerns
International brokers
Proposals
Projects / groups / NGOs

Palestine 194 is the name commonly given to a diplomatic campaign by the Palestinian National Authority to gain membership for the State of Palestine in the United Nations at its 66th Session in September 2011.[1] It seeks to effectively gain legal recognition for a Palestinian state based on the borders prior to the Six Day War, with East Jerusalem as its capital. The initiative developed during the two-year impasse in negotiations with Israel that followed the latter's refusal to freeze its settlement activities in the West Bank. It was first reported in late 2009,[2] are is scheduled to culminate on 20 September,[3] when the Arab League will submit an application to the United Nations to accept Palestine as a member state.[4]

The endeavour was formally backed by the League of Arab States in May,[5] and was officially confirmed by the Palestine Liberation Organization on 26 June.[6] The decision has been labelled by the Israeli government as a unilateral step. Several other countries, such as Germany and Canada, have also denounced the decision and called for a prompt return to negotiations. Many others, however, such as Norway and Russia, have endorsed the plan, as has Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, who stated, "UN members are entitled whether to vote for or against the Palestinian statehood recognition at the UN."[7] The Palestinian government believes it is essential in order to mitigate the current impasse.

Campaign

Further information: International recognition of the State of Palestine

Diplomatic efforts to gain support for the bid gained momentum following a succession of endorsements from South America in early 2011.[8][9] High-level delegations led by Yasser Abed Rabbo, Riyad al-Maliki, Saeb Erekat, Nabil Shaath and Riyad Mansour paid visits to many states. Palestinian ambassadors, assisted by those of other Arab states, were charged with enlisting the support of the governments to which they were accredited.[9] During the lead-up to the vote, Russia, Spain and the People's Republic of China have publicly pledged support the Palestinian bid,[10][11] as have inter-governmental organisations such as the African Union,[12] and the Non-Aligned Movement.[13]

Israeli counter-measures

Israeli measures to counter the initiative also increased,[14] and Germany, Italy, Canada and the U.S. announced publicly they would vote against the resolution.[9] Israeli and U.S. diplomats began a campaign pressuring many countries to oppose or abstain from the vote.[9] However, because of the "automatic majority" enjoyed by the Palestinians in the General Assembly,[15] the Netanyahu administration has stated that it does not expect to prevent a resolution from passing should it go ahead.[14][16] In August, Haaretz quoted the Israeli ambassador to the United Nations, Ron Prosor, as stating that Israel stood no chance of altering the outcome of a resolution at the General Assembly by September. "The maximum that we can hope to gain is for a group of states who will abstain or be absent during the vote," wrote Prosor. "Only a few countries will vote against the Palestinian initiative."[17]

Instead, the Israeli government has focused on obtaining a "moral majority" of major democratic powers, in an attempt to diminish the weight of the vote.[18][19] Considerable weight has been placed on the position of the European Union,[20][21] which has not yet been announced. EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton has stated that it is likely to depend on the wording of the resolution.[22] At the end of August, Israel's defence minister Ehud Barak told Ashton that Israel was seeking to influence the wording: "It is very important that all the players come up with a text that will emphasise the quick return to negotiations, without an effort to impose pre-conditions on the sides."[23]

Efforts from both Israel and the U.S. have also focused on pressuring the Palestinian leadership to abandon its plans and return to negotiations.[21] In the U.S., Congress passed a bill denouncing the initiative and calling on the Obama administration to veto any resolution that would recognise a Palestinian state declared outside of an agreement negotiated by the two parties.[24] A similar bill was passed in the Senate, which also threatened a withdrawal of aid to the West Bank.[25][26] In late August, another congressional bill was introduced which proposes to block U.S. government funding for any United Nations entity that supports giving Palestine an elevated status.[27] Several top U.S. officials, including ambassador to the United Nations Susan Rice and consul-general in Jerusalem Daniel Rubinstein, made similar threats.[28][29] In the same month, it was reported that the Israeli Ministry of Finance was withholding its monthly payments to the PNA.[30] Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman warned that if the Palestinians made a unilateral approach to the United Nations, they would be in violation of the Oslo Accords, and Israel would no longer consider itself bound by them.[21] He also recommended cutting all ties with the PNA.[23]

Activist initiatives

The PNA's campaign has seen an increasing level of support in grass-roots activism. Avaaz began an online petition urging all United Nations members to endorse the bid to admit Palestine; it reportedly attained 500,000 e-signatures in its first four days.[31] OneVoice Palestine launched a domestic campaign in partnership with local news agencies, with the aim of getting the involvement and support of Palestinian citizens.[32] Overseas, campaigns were launched in several nations, calling on their governments to vote "yes" in the resolution.[33][34] On 7 September, a group of Palestinian activists under the banner "Palestine: State No. 194" staged a demonstration outside the United Nations' office in Ramallah.[35] During this they submitted to the office a letter addressed to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, urging him to "exert all possible efforts toward the achievement of the Palestinian people's just demands". The following day, Ban told reporters: "I support ... the statehood of Palestinians; an independent, sovereign state of Palestine. It has been long overdue," but that "recognition of a state is something to be determined by the member states."[36]

Positions of members

In order for a state to gain membership in the General Assembly, its application must have the support of two-thirds of member states with a prior recommendation for admission from the Security Council. This requires, in particular, the absence of a veto from any the Security Council's five permanent members.[4] At the prospect of a veto from the United States, Palestinian leaders signalled they might opt instead for a more limited upgrade to "non-member state" status, which requires a simple majority in the General Assembly.[37]

Member state Rec. Pos. Further details
 Afghanistan Yes
 Albania Yes
 Algeria Yes
 Andorra No
 Angola Yes
 Antigua and Barbuda No
 Argentina Yes
 Armenia No
 Australia No
 Austria No
 Azerbaijan Yes
 Bahamas No
 Bahrain Yes
 Bangladesh Yes
 Barbados No
 Belarus Yes
 Belgium No
 Belize Yes
 Benin Yes
 Bhutan Yes
 Bolivia Yes
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Yes
 Botswana Yes
 Brazil Yes
 Brunei Darussalam Yes
 Bulgaria Yes
 Burkina Faso Yes
 Burundi Yes
 Cambodia Yes
 Cameroon No
 Canada No
 Cape Verde Yes
 Central African Republic Yes
 Chad Yes
 Chile Yes
 China Yes
 Colombia No
 Comoros Yes
 Congo Yes
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Yes
 Costa Rica Yes
 Côte d'Ivoire Yes
 Croatia No
 Cuba Yes
 Cyprus Yes
 Czech Republic Yes
 Denmark No
 Djibouti Yes
 Dominica No
 Dominican Republic Yes
 Ecuador Yes
 Egypt Yes
 El Salvador Yes
 Equatorial Guinea Yes
 Eritrea No
 Estonia No
 Ethiopia Yes
 Fiji No
 Finland No
 France No
 Gabon Yes
 Gambia Yes
 Georgia Yes
 Germany No
 Ghana Yes
 Greece No
 Grenada No
 Guatemala No
 Guinea Yes
 Guinea-Bissau Yes
 Guyana Yes
 Haiti No
 Honduras Yes
 Hungary Yes
 Iceland No
 India Yes
 Indonesia Yes
 Iran Yes
 Iraq Yes
 Ireland No
 Israel No
 Italy No
 Jamaica No
 Japan No
 Jordan Yes
 Kazakhstan Yes
 Kenya Yes
 Kiribati No
 North Korea Yes
 South Korea No
 Kuwait Yes
 Kyrgyzstan Yes
 Laos Yes
 Latvia No
 Lebanon Yes
 Lesotho Yes
 Liberia Yes
 Libya Yes
 Liechtenstein No
 Lithuania No
 Luxembourg No
 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia No
 Madagascar Yes
 Malawi Yes
 Malaysia Yes
 Maldives Yes
 Mali Yes
 Malta Yes
 Marshall Islands No
 Mauritania Yes
 Mauritius Yes
 Mexico No
 Micronesia (Federated States of) No
 Republic of Moldova No
 Monaco No
 Mongolia Yes
 Montenegro Yes
 Morocco Yes
 Mozambique Yes
 Myanmar No
 Namibia Yes
 Nauru No
   Nepal Yes
 Netherlands No
 New Zealand No
 Nicaragua Yes
 Niger Yes
 Nigeria Yes
 Norway No
 Oman Yes
 Pakistan Yes
 Palau No
 Panama No
 Papua New Guinea Yes
 Paraguay Yes
 Peru Yes
 Philippines Yes
 Poland Yes
 Portugal No
 Qatar Yes
 Romania Yes
 Russian Federation Yes
 Rwanda Yes
 Saint Kitts and Nevis No
 Saint Lucia No
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Yes
 Samoa No
 San Marino No
 Sao Tome and Principe Yes
 Saudi Arabia Yes
 Senegal Yes
 Serbia Yes
 Seychelles Yes
 Sierra Leone Yes
 Singapore No
 Slovakia Yes
 Slovenia No
 Solomon Islands No
 Somalia Yes
 South Africa Yes
 South Sudan No
 Spain No
 Sri Lanka Yes
 Sudan Yes
 Suriname Yes
 Swaziland Yes
 Sweden No
  Switzerland No
 Syria Yes
 Tajikistan Yes
 Tanzania Yes
 Thailand No
 Timor-Leste Yes
 Togo Yes
 Tonga No
 Trinidad and Tobago No
 Tunisia Yes
 Turkey Yes
 Turkmenistan Yes
 Tuvalu No
 Uganda Yes
 Ukraine No
 United Arab Emirates Yes
 United Kingdom No
 United States No
 Uruguay Yes
 Uzbekistan Yes
 Vanuatu Yes
 Venezuela Yes
 Viet Nam Yes
 Yemen Yes
 Zambia Yes
 Zimbabwe Yes

See also

References

  1. ^ Schell, Bernhard (31 July 2011). "UN will count 194 members if Palestine gets in". InDepthNews. Retrieved 2011-08-01.
  2. ^ Phillips, Leigh (17 November 2009). "EU rejects request to recognise independent Palestine". EUobserver.com. Retrieved 2011-08-30.
  3. ^ Staff writers (1 August 2011). "Officials set date for 'Palestine 194' march". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2011-08-02.
  4. ^ a b Erekat, Saeb. The Eminence of September. Group 194.
  5. ^ Sawafta, A. (14 July 2011). "Arabs to seek full Palestinian upgrade at UN". Reuters. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved 2011-07-19.
  6. ^ Staff writers (6 July 2011). "Arab League Requests Palestinian Statehood from U.N." Palestine News Network. Retrieved 2011-07-19.
  7. ^ Ashkar, Alaa (9 September 2011). "UN Secretary-General Supports Full Palestinian Membership". IMEMC News. International Middle East Media Center. Retrieved 2011-09-09. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ Waked, Ali (7 December 2010). "Argentina, Uruguay recognize Palestinian state". Israel News. Yedioth Internet. Retrieved 2010-12-07.
  9. ^ a b c d Ravid, Barak (4 July 2011). "Palestinians set up diplomatic 'war room' ahead of September vote on statehood". Haaretz. Retrieved 2011-09-01.
  10. ^ Sherwood, Harriet (18 January 2011). "Dmitry Medvedev restates Russian support for Palestinian state". The Guardian. Retrieved 2011-09-01.
  11. ^ Media agencies (26 August 2011). "China announces support for Palestinian UN statehood bid". Haaretz. Retrieved 2011-08-31.
  12. ^ Staff writers (31 January 2011). "African Union declares support for Palestine". Ma'an News Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  13. ^ Agence France-Presse (6 September 2011). "Non-Aligned movement confirms support for Palestinian statehood bid". Al Arabiya. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  14. ^ a b Staff writers (18 July 2011). "Israeli minister says Palestinians losing UN bid". Almasry Alyoum. Retrieved 2011-09-01.
  15. ^ Gruen, G.E. (1982). The Palestinians in perspective: implications for Mideast peace and U.S. policy. Institute of Human Relations Press, American Jewish Committee. p. 16. ISBN 9780874950427.
  16. ^ Medzini, Ronen (26 May 2011). "Palestinian UN bid: Israel's battle for Europe". Ynetnews. Yedioth Internet. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
  17. ^ Ravid, Barak (28 August 2011). "UN envoy Prosor: Israel has no chance of stopping recognition of Palestinian state". Haaretz. Retrieved 2011-08-31.
  18. ^ Somfalvi, Attila (17 August 2011). "PA to soften UN statehood bid?". Ynetnews. Yedioth Internet. Retrieved 2011-09-01.
  19. ^ Keinon, Herb (24 April 2011). "EU split over UN recognition of Palestinian state". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2011-09-01.
  20. ^ Perry, Dan; Melvin, Don (26 May 2011). "Europe May Have Key Role in Palestinians' UN Maneuver". CNS News. Cybercast News Service. Retrieved 2011-09-01.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  21. ^ a b c Susser, Leslie (21 June 2011). "Pressure mounts on Palestinians to abandon U.N. statehood gambit". Jewish Telegraph Agency. Retrieved 2011-09-01.
  22. ^ Agence France-Presse (28 August 2011). "Palestinians see progress in EU stance on UN bid". France 24. Retrieved 2011-08-01.
  23. ^ a b Keinon, Herb (28 August 2011). "Israel looks to influence text of PA statehood resolution". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2011-09-01.
  24. ^ United States Congress (15 December 2010). "H.Res. 1765". 111th Congress. Library of Congress. {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  25. ^ United States Senate (28 June 2011). "S.Res. 185". 112th Congress. Library of Congress. {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  26. ^ Mozgovaya, N. (29 June 2011). "U.S. Senate passes resolution threatening to suspend aid to Palestinians". Haaretz. Retrieved 2011-07-05.
  27. ^ Mozgovaya, Natasha (31 August 2011). "U.S. bill aims to cut funds to pro-Palestinian UN groups". Haaretz. The Associated Press. Retrieved 2011-09-01.
  28. ^ Swaine, J. (24 June 2011). "US 'could withdraw funding from UN if Palestine state is recognised'". The Telegraph. Retrieved 2011-07-05.
  29. ^ Staff writers (26 August 2011). "U.S.: We will stop aid to Palestinians if UN bid proceeds". Haaretz. Retrieved 2011-09-01.
  30. ^ Lapide, Joshua (31 August 2011). "Israel's increasingly bitter war against Palestinian seat in UN". AsiaNews. Retrieved 2011-09-01.
  31. ^ "Palestine: the world's next nation". Avaaz.org. Retrieved 2011-09-10.
  32. ^ OneVoice Movement (8 September 2011). "OneVoice youth activists unveil campaign backing Palestinian UN bid". Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  33. ^ Concerned Citizens. "UNRECOGNISED". Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  34. ^ Sadaka. "Join Ireland's call to support UN membership for Palestine!". Retrieved 2011-09-09.: "...to be printed in the Irish Times on 17th September 2011".
  35. ^ "The National Campaign". Palestine: State No. 194. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  36. ^ Staff writers (9 September 2011). "UN Secretary General: Palestinian statehood is 'long overdue'". Haaretz. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  37. ^ Vick, Karl (1 September 2011). "The Palestinians' Statehood Dilemma: Full U.N. Membership or Observer Status?". Time. Time Inc. Retrieved 2011-09-01.
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