Jump to content

Shaheen-III: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m "Detterent" -> "Deterrent"
Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v1.2.7.1)
Line 94: Line 94:
Development began in [[secrecy]] in early 2000s in response to [[India]]'s ''[[Agni-III]]'', ''Shaheen'' was successfully tested on 9 March 2015 with 2750&nbsp;[[Kilometer|km]] (1700 [[miles|mi]]) range, which could enable it [[Geography of India|all corners]] of [[India]] and reach deep into the [[Middle East]] parts of [[North Africa]] and [[Southern Europe]].<ref name="Voice of Journalists, 2015">{{cite news|last1=Analysis|title=Shaheen-III Ballistic Missile: Enforcing Strategic Deterrence|url=http://www.voiceofjournalists.com/shaheen-iii-ballistic-missile-enforcing-strategic-deterrence/}}</ref>
Development began in [[secrecy]] in early 2000s in response to [[India]]'s ''[[Agni-III]]'', ''Shaheen'' was successfully tested on 9 March 2015 with 2750&nbsp;[[Kilometer|km]] (1700 [[miles|mi]]) range, which could enable it [[Geography of India|all corners]] of [[India]] and reach deep into the [[Middle East]] parts of [[North Africa]] and [[Southern Europe]].<ref name="Voice of Journalists, 2015">{{cite news|last1=Analysis|title=Shaheen-III Ballistic Missile: Enforcing Strategic Deterrence|url=http://www.voiceofjournalists.com/shaheen-iii-ballistic-missile-enforcing-strategic-deterrence/}}</ref>


The ''Shaheen'' program is composed of the [[Solid fuel rocket motor|solid-fuel]] system in a contrast to [[Ghauri missile|''Ghauri'']] program that is primarily based on [[Liquid fuel rocket|liquid-fuel]] system.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=6307&Cat=13&dt=5/28/2011|title=Musharraf stopped funds for Ghauri-III missile|date=28 May 2011|accessdate=9 March 2015}}</ref> With the successful launch of the ''Shaheen''', it surpasses the range of ''[[Shaheen-II]]''— hence it is the [[IRBM|longest-range]] missile to be launched by the [[Pakistan Armed Forces|military]].<ref name="India Today-Asia Bureau">{{cite news|last1=Shukla|first1=Jayoti|title=Pakistan successfully conducted the flight test of ballistic missile Shaheen-III|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/pakistan-successfully-conducted-the-flight-test-of-ballistic-missile-shaheen-iii/1/423057.html.|accessdate=11 March 2015|agency=India Today|publisher=India Today-Asia Bureau|date=10 March 2015}}</ref>
The ''Shaheen'' program is composed of the [[Solid fuel rocket motor|solid-fuel]] system in a contrast to [[Ghauri missile|''Ghauri'']] program that is primarily based on [[Liquid fuel rocket|liquid-fuel]] system.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=6307&Cat=13&dt=5/28/2011 |title=Musharraf stopped funds for Ghauri-III missile |date=28 May 2011 |accessdate=9 March 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204064523/http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=6307&Cat=13&dt=5/28/2011 |archivedate=4 December 2014 |df= }}</ref> With the successful launch of the ''Shaheen''', it surpasses the range of ''[[Shaheen-II]]''— hence it is the [[IRBM|longest-range]] missile to be launched by the [[Pakistan Armed Forces|military]].<ref name="India Today-Asia Bureau">{{cite news|last1=Shukla|first1=Jayoti|title=Pakistan successfully conducted the flight test of ballistic missile Shaheen-III|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/pakistan-successfully-conducted-the-flight-test-of-ballistic-missile-shaheen-iii/1/423057.html.|accessdate=11 March 2015|agency=India Today|publisher=India Today-Asia Bureau|date=10 March 2015}}</ref>


==Overview==
==Overview==
Line 114: Line 114:
On 9 March 2015, the [[Inter Services Public Relations|ISPR]] released a press statement on notifying the successful testing of the Shaheen-III that was conducted from the southern coast off the [[Arabian Sea]].<ref name="ISPR">{{cite web|last1=ISPR Press Release|title=Shaheen 3 Missile test: ISPR|url=https://www.ispr.gov.pk/front/main.asp?o=t-press_release&latest=1|website=https://www.ispr.gov.pk/|publisher=ISPR|accessdate=11 March 2015}}</ref>
On 9 March 2015, the [[Inter Services Public Relations|ISPR]] released a press statement on notifying the successful testing of the Shaheen-III that was conducted from the southern coast off the [[Arabian Sea]].<ref name="ISPR">{{cite web|last1=ISPR Press Release|title=Shaheen 3 Missile test: ISPR|url=https://www.ispr.gov.pk/front/main.asp?o=t-press_release&latest=1|website=https://www.ispr.gov.pk/|publisher=ISPR|accessdate=11 March 2015}}</ref>


Military officials from [[Joint Staff Headquarters (Pakistan)|JS HQ]], [[Strategic Plans Division|SPD]] scientists and engineers, oversaw the launch of the system and witnessed the [[Bullseye (target)|impact point]] in the [[Arabian Sea]].<ref name="Daily Times, Pakistan">{{cite news|last1=Associated Agencies|title=Pakistan successfully tests Shaheen-III missile|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/national/09-Mar-2015/pakistan-successfully-tests-shaheen-iii-missile.|accessdate=11 March 2015|agency=Daily Times, Pakistan|publisher=Daily Times, Pakistan|date=10 March 2015}}</ref> Reports summed up by [[Nuclear Threat Initiative|NTI]], there had been series of testings taken place of the [[rocket engine nozzle]]s before the eventual tests took place in 2015.<ref name="Nuclear Threat Initiative">{{cite web|last1=NTI|title=Delivery system|url=http://www.nti.org/country-profiles/pakistan/delivery-systems/|website=\http://www.nti.org/|publisher=Nuclear Threat Initiative|accessdate=11 March 2015}}</ref>
Military officials from [[Joint Staff Headquarters (Pakistan)|JS HQ]], [[Strategic Plans Division|SPD]] scientists and engineers, oversaw the launch of the system and witnessed the [[Bullseye (target)|impact point]] in the [[Arabian Sea]].<ref name="Daily Times, Pakistan">{{cite news|last1=Associated Agencies |title=Pakistan successfully tests Shaheen-III missile |url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/national/09-Mar-2015/pakistan-successfully-tests-shaheen-iii-missile. |accessdate=11 March 2015 |agency=Daily Times, Pakistan |publisher=Daily Times, Pakistan |date=10 March 2015 }}{{dead link|date=January 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Reports summed up by [[Nuclear Threat Initiative|NTI]], there had been series of testings taken place of the [[rocket engine nozzle]]s before the eventual tests took place in 2015.<ref name="Nuclear Threat Initiative">{{cite web|last1=NTI|title=Delivery system|url=http://www.nti.org/country-profiles/pakistan/delivery-systems/|website=\http://www.nti.org/|publisher=Nuclear Threat Initiative|accessdate=11 March 2015}}</ref>


==Analysis==
==Analysis==

Revision as of 22:15, 12 January 2017

Shaheen-III
TypeMedium-range ballistic missile (MRBM)
Place of originPakistan Pakistan
Service history
In serviceStrategic Plans Division
(Army SFCOM, Air Force SFCOM)
Space Research Commission
Used by Pakistan
Production history
DesignerNESCOM and SUPARCO
DesignedClassified
ManufacturerNescom and Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission
VariantsShaheen-I and Shaheen-II
Specifications
Effective firing range2750 km
WarheadHE/NE
EngineMulti-stage Solid-fuel rocket[citation needed]
PropellantSolid-fuel system[citation needed]
Operational
range
2750 km (1,708 miles)[1]
Maximum speed Mach 18
Guidance
system
Inertial guidance
Launch
platform
Transporter erector launcher (TEL)
Transportspaceport or TEL

The Shaheen-III (Urdu: شاہین–ااا; lit. White Falcon-III) is a land-based surface-to-surface medium range ballistic missile, which was test fired for the first time by military service on 9 March 2015.[2][3]

Development began in secrecy in early 2000s in response to India's Agni-III, Shaheen was successfully tested on 9 March 2015 with 2750 km (1700 mi) range, which could enable it all corners of India and reach deep into the Middle East parts of North Africa and Southern Europe.[4]

The Shaheen program is composed of the solid-fuel system in a contrast to Ghauri program that is primarily based on liquid-fuel system.[5] With the successful launch of the Shaheen', it surpasses the range of Shaheen-II— hence it is the longest-range missile to be launched by the military.[6]

Overview

Development history

Main article: Integrated Missile Research and Development Programme

In 2000, the Space Research Commission concluded at least two design studies for its space launch vehicle.[7] Initially, there were two earlier designs were shown in IDEAS held in 2002 and its design was centered on developing a space booster based on the design technologies of the Shaheen-I.[7] Since then, Shaheen owes its existence largely to the joint efforts led by NDC of NeScom and Space Research Commission.[7]

The Shaheen-III was shrouded in top secrecy and very little information was available to the public, mostly provided in 2002 IDEAS.[7] Majority of the efforts and funding was being made available to Ghauri-III to seek strike in Eastern region of India.[8] In May 2000, the Ghauri-III was cancelled due to its less advance and lack of technological gain.[8] Despite strong advocacy by Abdul Qadeer Khan for the Ghauri-III program made to be feasible, the program was terminated by then-President Pervez Musharraf who made the funding available for Shaheen-III program which was to be led under Samar Mubarakmand.[9] The Air Force, however, pressed for Shaheen-III to make it feasible as liquids were being developed that would allow the missiles to be left in a ready-to-shoot form for extended periods.[10]

The Shaheen-III was initially purposed as the space booster for the space program to make it possible for installing the satellite payload applications.[7] Despite its efforts, the existence of Shaheen-III continued to be speculated in news media as Ministry of Defence and the Joint Staff HQ nor confirms or deny the existence of the program.[7]

In a press conference held in Lahore in 2009, Samar Mubarakmand stated that: "Pakistan would launch its own satellite in April 2011."[11] Although no confirmation or denial of Shaheen program's existence was given by Dr. Mubarakmand, the rumors and speculations yet to be continued for the existence of the program.[11]

After years of speculations, the Shaheen-III was eventually revealed and tested on 9 March 2015 with a 2750 km (1700-mile) range.[12]

Testings

On 9 March 2015, the ISPR released a press statement on notifying the successful testing of the Shaheen-III that was conducted from the southern coast off the Arabian Sea.[13]

Military officials from JS HQ, SPD scientists and engineers, oversaw the launch of the system and witnessed the impact point in the Arabian Sea.[14] Reports summed up by NTI, there had been series of testings taken place of the rocket engine nozzles before the eventual tests took place in 2015.[15]

Analysis

Strategic prospect

Main articles: Nuclear brinksmanship and Mutually assured destruction

Several Pakistani nuclear and military strategists reportedly quoted that the "Shaheen-III has a range greater than that of any other missile system in-service.[3] Earlier testings of Shaheen-II had the maximum range of about 2,500km, which meant it can reach all parts of India even eastern frontier.[3]

Air Marshal Shahid Latif, a retired senior commander in the Pakistan Air Force, noted the strategic significance of missile: "Now, India doesn’t have its safe heavens anymore. It's all a reaction to India, which has now gone even for tests of extra-regional missiles. It sends a [very] loud message: If you hurt us, we are going to hurt you back.!"[3]

Mansoor Ahmad, a professor of Strategic studies at the Islamabad's Quaid-i-Azam University, stated that: "Pakistan's military, however, is not interested in a "tit-for-tat" arms race with India." and speculated that developmental work may be under progress to make missile capable of delivering multiple warheads which would make them harder to defend against.[3]

Peace prospect

Main articles: Confidence building measures in India–Pakistan relations and Peace through strength

In a views of political scientist, dr. Farrukh Saleem, the Shaheen-III seems to be a reaction to Indian-generated threats.[16] Dr. Saleem, on the other hand, stressed that: "Pakistan does not seem to be aiming at competing with India but Pakistan's aims seem to revolve around the creation of a credible deterrence, and a credible deterrence is bound to strengthen strategic stability."[16]

Dr. Farrukh Saleem's views were also echoed by Mansoor Ahmad who maintained that: "Pakistan hopes to improve "existing capabilities," including new delivery systems for evading an Indian missile defense shield.[3]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://www.mid-day.com/articles/test-launch-of-pakistans-shaheen-iii-surface-to-surface-ballistic-missile-successful/16046188
  2. ^ Haider, Mateen (10 March 2015). "Test launch of Shaheen-III ballistic missile successful". Dawn News, 2015. Dawn News. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Craig, Tim (9 March 2015). "Pakistan tests missile that could carry nuclear warhead to every part of India". Special report by Time Craig, correpondent of Washington Post-Asia Pacific Bureau. Washington Post-Asia Pacific Bureau. Washington Post. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  4. ^ Analysis. "Shaheen-III Ballistic Missile: Enforcing Strategic Deterrence".
  5. ^ "Musharraf stopped funds for Ghauri-III missile". 28 May 2011. Archived from the original on 4 December 2014. Retrieved 9 March 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ Shukla, Jayoti (10 March 2015). "Pakistan successfully conducted the flight test of ballistic missile Shaheen-III". India Today-Asia Bureau. India Today. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Pike, John. "Shaheen-III: Space Booster development". http://www.globalsecurity.org/. Global Security, Inc. Retrieved 11 March 2015. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)
  8. ^ a b Khan, Abdul Qadeer (28 May 2011). "Musharraf stopped funds for Ghauri-III missile saying: "Do you want to destroy Israel"". News International. News International. Archived from the original on 28 May 2011. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  9. ^ "Pakistan Pushes To Improve Missile Strike Capability". Defense News. 2008-11-17. Retrieved 2011-03-28.[dead link]
  10. ^ Ansari, Usman (17 November 2008). "Pakistan Pushes To improve Missile Strike Capability". Defence News, 2008. Defence News. Retrieved 11 March 2015. {{cite news}}: Check |url= value (help)
  11. ^ a b Pike, John. "Pakistan Finally Dropped the Other Shoe". Pakistan Finally Dropped the Other Shoe. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  12. ^ "Pakistan Conducts Successful test launch of Shaheen III". Express Tribune. 9 March 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
  13. ^ ISPR Press Release. "Shaheen 3 Missile test: ISPR". https://www.ispr.gov.pk/. ISPR. Retrieved 11 March 2015. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)
  14. ^ Associated Agencies (10 March 2015). "Pakistan successfully tests Shaheen-III missile". Daily Times, Pakistan. Daily Times, Pakistan. Retrieved 11 March 2015.[permanent dead link]
  15. ^ NTI. "Delivery system". \http://www.nti.org/. Nuclear Threat Initiative. Retrieved 11 March 2015. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)
  16. ^ a b Saleem, Farrukh (10 March 2015). "Shaheen-III to force India to talk peace". Opinion work published by Dr. Farrukh Saleem. News International, 2015. News International, Opinion. Retrieved 11 March 2015. {{cite news}}: |archive-date= requires |archive-url= (help)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shaheen-III&oldid=759737001"