Fort McIntosh (Pennsylvania)
Fort McIntosh Site | |
 Site of Fort McIntosh | |
   | |
| Location | Beaver, Pennsylvania |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 40°41′29″N 80°18′9.24″W / 40.69139°N 80.3025667°W |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1785 |
| Part of | Beaver Historic District (ID96001201) |
| NRHP reference No. | 75001614[1] |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | April 24, 1975 |
| Designated PHMC | October 31, 1946[2] |
Fort McIntosh was an early American log frontier fort situated near the confluence of the Ohio River and the Beaver River in what is now Beaver, Pennsylvania.
Construction
[edit]The fortress was constructed in 1778 under the direction of Lt. Col. Cambray-Digny, a French engineer, and named in honor of General Lachlan McIntosh. The fortress was the site of the signing of the Treaty of Fort McIntosh on January 21, 1785. It was abandoned in 1791. After the Revolution, the fort was the home of the First American Regiment, the oldest active unit in the United States Army.
The fort was in the form of a trapezoid, about 150 feet on each side, with raised earthen bastions on each corner. Log palisades connected the bastions, and a 15 foot wide ditch protected three sides of the fort, with the 130 foot slope to the Ohio River protecting the other side. Inside were three barracks, warehouses, officer's quarters, a forge, kitchen, and powder magazines. The fort may have had either two or four iron cannon.[3]
Excavation, 1976
[edit]Around the year 1976, citizens of the nearby community of Beaver decided, with great fanfare, to excavate the pilings and remaining stone foundations of the original fort. They were successful in locating the outlines of the Revolutionary-era fort. Their efforts culminated in a dedication, presided over by retired Gen. William Westmoreland, in the summer of 1977.[citation needed] In late 2010, a local business owner donated money for a granite and sandstone memorial on the fort site.[4]
The fort site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.[1] In 1996, most of Beaver was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the "Beaver Historic District.[1] At that time, the fort site was singled out as one of the most significant of the district's 1,250 contributing properties.[5]
The Beaver Area Heritage Foundation protects the restored site, which features granite monuments and bronze plaques, as well as the original stone footers of the walls and fireplaces.
Further reading
[edit]- Bausman, Joseph Henderson; John Samuel Duss (1904). History of Beaver County, Pennsylvania and Its Centennial Celebration. Knickerbocker Press. p. 1320.
- Neville, Gabriel (2020). "A Portrait of John Cuppy." Emerging Revolutionary War Era. Includes a detailed contemporary description of the fort.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
- ^ "PHMC Historical Markers". Historical Marker Database. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. Archived from the original on December 7, 2013. Retrieved December 10, 2013.
- ^ Frank Camer (1973) NRHP Nomination Form Fort McIntosh, accessed 2010-11-21. Enter "public" for ID and "public" for password to access the site.
- ^ Prose, J.D. Beaver historical marker nears completion, Beaver County Times, 2010-11-17. Accessed 2010-11-19.
- ^ Taylor, David L. National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Beaver Historic District[permanent dead link]. National Park Service: 6 July 1996, 24. Accessed 10 February 2010.
External links
[edit]- Fort McIntosh - Beaver Area Heritage Foundation
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- American Revolutionary War forts
- Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
- Protected areas of Beaver County, Pennsylvania
- Forts in Pennsylvania
- Northwest Indian War
- Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in Pennsylvania
- Forts on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
- National Register of Historic Places in Beaver County, Pennsylvania