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Amarsinhji Banesinhji

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Captain Sir Amarsinhji Banesinhji KCSI KCIE (4 January 1879 – 25 June 1954) was the Maharana Raj Sahib of Wankaner from 12 June 1881 until his death on 28 June 1954.

Early life and education

Amarsinhji was born on 4 January 1879 to Banesinhji, whom he succeeded in his titles and dignity as Maharana Raj Sahib of Wankaner at the mere age of two, on 25 June 1881, in the presence of Colonel Nutt, the then Assistant Political Agent of Jhalawad.[1][2][3] Owing to his minority, the Wankaner State was placed under Agency management.[1][4] He was educated at Rajkumar College, Rajkot, where he was placed under the care of Chester Macnaghten and C.W. Waddington.[1][4] He won the Fergusson Gold Medal for English-speaking there.[5] After completing his studies at the College, in 1898 he visited the principal cities of India and Ceylon (Sri Lanka).[1][4] In the same year, he visited England[1] along with F. de B. Hancock and spent four months there, followed by a visit to Paris, France, before finally returning to Wankaner on 22 October 1898.[4]

Reign

The long minority came to an end on 18 March 1899[4] when he was invested with the full powers of government at a Durbar by J.M. Hunter, the then Political Agent in Kathiawar.[1][6] Soon after he took over, the Wankaner State experienced a severe famine in 1900.[6] He handled it well by providing generous and careful relief efforts, which saved the bhayats and ryots from starving and losing everything.[6][7] As insurance against the famine, he constructed two irrigation tanks: one at Vadsar, known as the Jaswantnagar Tank, named after his grandfather, and another at Mesariya, named Vinaysagar, after his father.[1][6]

He was highly interested in education.[6] He made primary education free and set up scholarships for students who, after completing high school, wished to pursue college studies in Arts, Engineering, or Medicine.[6] He attended the Viceroy's Durbar at Rajkot in November 1900.[8] He attended the Delhi Durbar in 1911, where he was personally made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire by George V.[4][6]

A well-educated and progressive ruler, he took an interest in improving the welfare of his subjects. He established the first Farmers' Co-operative Bank in Saurashtra to provide finance to farmers, promoted agriculture, as well as the dairy and textile industries. He also introduced village self-government schemes, the first pensions for state employees, reformed the public services and a strong and effective police force.[citation needed]

A gifted sportsmen, he excelled in badminton, cricket and marksmanship. He also took an interest in motoring, aircraft and architecture, building several palaces and public buildings in Wankaner and Wankaner House in Bombay. He celebrated his Golden Jubilee on 31 May 1931.[citation needed]

Great War

Main article: World War I

During the World War I, he placed the entire resources of his State at the disposal of the Government and saw active service.[9] He with the Kathiawar Motor Ambulance Corps in Flanders.[9][10] The temporary rank of Captain was conferred on him while at the front, and it was made permanent on 1 January 1918.[4][8] On the same date, for his services during the war, he was granted a personal salute of 11 guns, which was made permanent in 1931.[4][8]

Instrument of Accession

Main article: Instrument of Accession

On 15 August 1947, Amarsinhji signed the Instrument of Accession, whereby the Wankaner State acceded to the Dominion of India.[11] This accession was accepted by Lord Mountbatten, the then Governor-General of India, on 16 August 1947.[11]

Paddock

He managed a paddock in his state to breed high-quality country-bred and Kathiawari horses.[6] Each year, the Government Army Remount Agents purchased horses from the paddock.[6] In 1901, the Royal Commission on Horse-Breeding visited and praised the paddock's management and the quality of the horses.[6]

Shree Amarsinhji Mills Limited

In 1951, Shree Amarsinhji Mills Limited, a cotton textile mill named after him, was established by his son, Pratapsinhji Jhala, in Wankaner.[12] However, in 1980, the mill was taken over by Kores India.[13] His grandson, Digvijaysinh Jhala, served as its director from 1960.[14]

Death

He died on 28 June 1954, and his eldest son, Pratapsinhji Amarsinhji, succeeded him as the Maharana Raj Sahib of Wankaner.[15]

Honours

Country Year Honour Grade Class Ribbon Post-nominal letters
 British India 1903 Delhi Durbar Medal (1903) Gold
 British India 1911 Delhi Durbar Medal (1911) Gold
 British India 1911 Order of the Indian Empire Knight Commander KCIE
 United Kingdom 1918 1914–15 Star
 United Kingdom 1918 British War Medal
 United Kingdom 1918 Victory Medal 1914–19
 United Kingdom 1935 King George V Silver Jubilee Medal
 British India 1936 Order of the Star of India Knight Commander KCSI
 United Kingdom 1937 King George VI Coronation Medal
 Dominion of India 1947 Indian Independence Medal

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Bond, J. W.; Wright, Arnold (2006). Indian States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey. Asian Educational Services. p. 752. ISBN 978-81-206-1965-4.
  2. ^ The Indian and Pakistan Year Book. Bennett, Coleman & Company. 1930. p. 984.
  3. ^ The India Office and Burma Office List. Harrison and sons, Limited. 1928. p. 244.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h The Imperial Publishing Co., Lahore. His Imperial Majesty King George 5 And The Princes Of India And The Indian Empire ( Historical Biographical) Compiled By K. R. Khosla, 1937, Lahore The Imperial Publishing Co., Lahore. p. 124.
  5. ^ Forty Years of the Rajkumar College, 1870-1910: 1891-1900. Hazel, Watson & Viney. 1910. p. 192.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j ACL-ARCH 00269 Indian Princes And The Crown. pp. 293–294.
  7. ^ Purushotam Vishram Mawjee (1911). (1911) Imperial durbar album of the Indian princes, chiefs and zamindars, Vol. I. p. 52.
  8. ^ a b c Calcutta Government Of India Central Publication Branch. Memoranda On The Indian States 1930. p. 207.
  9. ^ a b McLeod, John Edmond (31 July 2023). Sovereignty, Power, Control: Politics in the State of Western India, 1916-1947. BRILL. p. 265. ISBN 978-90-04-64479-3.
  10. ^ The ruling princes, chiefs and leading personages in the western india states agency. Western India States Agency Press, Rajokt. 1928. pp. 240–243.
  11. ^ a b "Wankaner State- Instrument of Accession and Standstill Agreement signed between His Highness Maharana Rajesheb Sir Amarginhji, Ruler of Wankaner State and the Dominion of India". INDIAN CULTURE. 18 August 2023.
  12. ^ Gujarat (India) (1963). The Gujarat Government Gazette. p. 2203.
  13. ^ "Milestones – Kores (India) Ltd". Retrieved 14 September 2024.
  14. ^ India who's who 1990-91. p. 59.
  15. ^ Directorate of Printing, Government of India (7 August 1954). Gazette of India, 1954, No. 2. p. 3.
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