José de Calasanz Vives y Tutó

His Eminence José de Calasanz Vives y Tutó OFMCap
Prefect of the Congregation of religious
Church	Roman Catholic Church
Appointed	26 October 1908
Term ended	7 September 1913
Predecessor	None - office created
Successor	Ottavio Cagiano de Azevedo
Other post(s)	Cardinal-Deacon of Sant'Adriano al Foro (1899-1913)
Orders
Ordination	26 May 1877 by Florian-Jules-Félix Desprez
Created cardinal	19 June 1899 by Pope Leo XIII
Rank	Cardinal-Deacon
Personal details
Born	José de Calasanz Félix Jaime Vives y Tutó 15 February 1854 Sant Andreu de Llavaneres, Barcelona, Spain
Died	7 September 1913(1913-09-07) (aged 59) Monte Porzio Catone, Frascati, Kingdom of Italy
Buried	Campo Verano (1913-2010)
Parents	José Vives y Comas Catalina Tutó y Garriga
Alma mater	University of Santa Clara

José de Calasanz, or in Catalan Calassanç , bon José Vives y Tutó(or, in Catalan, Josep Vives i Tutó); his given name is written in English as Joseph Calasanz), OFMCap (15 February 1854 – 7 September 1913), was an influential Spanish Roman Catholic theologian, member of the Capuchin friars and from 19 June 1899 also cardinal. To distinguish him from the saint Giuseppe Calasanzio from whom he took his name, he is known as either José de Calasanz Vives y Tutó or Cardinal Calasanz.

Initially studying as a boy with the priest of the Scuole Pie, he then directly entered the Capuchin order. In 1869–1870, he was in the novitiate while in Guatemala, but social disorder and anticlericalism led to him to flee to France. He was sent back to the Americas by the order, but by 1880 he was in a monastery of Igeselda in Spain. He was sent by the order to Rome to discuss the disunion among Capuchin branches. This led, in 1899, to having Pope Leo XIII name him cardinal.

He was involved in the elaboration of church doctrines and canon law; as an ally of the conservative and reactionary Cardinals Rafael Merry del Val and Gaetano de Lai, he remain influential with Pope Pius X.

In 1908, he became the first Prefect of what is now known as the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life, and held the position until his death. He was well known for his traditionalist position. He was the personal confessor of Pope Pius X.

External links

• Karl Hausberger (1997). "Vives y Tuto, José Calasanz". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 12. Herzberg: Bautz. cols. 1535–1545. ISBN 3-88309-068-9.