Vanadium(II) chloride

Vanadium(II) chloride
Plan view of a single layer in the crystal structure of vanadium(II) chloride	Layer stacking in the crystal structure of vanadium(II) chloride
Names
	IUPAC name Vanadium(II) chloride
	Other names Vanadous chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	10580-52-6 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	59733 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.031.057
EC Number	234-176-7;
PubChem CID	66355;
RTECS number	YW1575000;
UNII	5V2RJ2EWG4 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID60147349 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2ClH.V/h21H;/q;;+2/p-2 Key: ITAKKORXEUJTBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1/2ClH.V/h21H;/q;;+2/p-2 Key: ITAKKORXEUJTBC-NUQVWONBAZ;
	SMILES Cl[V]Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	VCl2
Molar mass	121.847 g/mol
Appearance	pale green solid
Density	3.230 g/cm3
Melting point	1,027 °C (1,881 °F; 1,300 K)
Boiling point	1,506 °C (2,743 °F; 1,779 K)
Solubility in water	soluble
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	+2410.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Crystal structure	CdI2
Coordination geometry	octahedral
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Reacts with oxygen rapidly
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H302, H314
Precautionary statements	P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P330, P363, P405
Related compounds
Other anions	vanadium(II) fluoride, ; vanadium(II) bromide, ; vanadium(II) iodide
Other cations	titanium(II) chloride, chromium(II) chloride
Related compounds	vanadium(III) chloride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Vanadium(II) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula VCl₂, and is the most reduced vanadium chloride. Vanadium(II) chloride is an apple-green solid that dissolves in water to give purple solutions.^[2]

Preparation, properties, and related compounds

Solid VCl₂ is prepared by thermal decomposition of VCl₃, which leaves a residue of VCl₂:^[2]

2 VCl₃ → VCl₂ + VCl₄

VCl₂ dissolves in water to give the purple hexaaquo ion [V(H₂O)₆]²⁺. Evaporation of such solutions produces crystals of [V(H₂O)₆]Cl₂.^[3]

Vanadium dichloride is used as a specialty reductant in organic chemistry. As an aqueous solution, it converts cyclohexylnitrate to cyclohexanone. It reduces phenyl azide into aniline.^[4]

Structure

Solid VCl₂ adopts the cadmium iodide structure, featuring octahedral coordination geometry. VBr₂ and VI₂ are structurally and chemically similar to the dichloride. All have the d³ configuration, with a quartet ground state, akin to Cr(III).^[5]

References

^ "Vanadium dichloride". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
^ ^a ^b Young, R. C.; Smith, M. E. "Vanadium(II) Chloride" Inorganic Syntheses, 1953, volume IV, page 126-127.doi:10.1002/9780470132357.ch42
^ Martin Pomerantz, Gerald L. Combs, N. L. Dassanayake, "Vanadium Dichloride Solution" Inorganic Syntheses, 1982, vol. XXI, pp. 185–187. doi:10.1002/9780470132524.ch42
^ Vanasse, Benoit; O'Brien, Michael K. (2001). "Vanadium(II) Chloride". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rv002. ISBN 0471936235.
^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

[1] "Vanadium dichloride". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 12 December 2021.

[IS-2] Young, R. C.; Smith, M. E. "Vanadium(II) Chloride" Inorganic Syntheses, 1953, volume IV, page 126-127.doi:10.1002/9780470132357.ch42

[3] Martin Pomerantz, Gerald L. Combs, N. L. Dassanayake, "Vanadium Dichloride Solution" Inorganic Syntheses, 1982, vol. XXI, pp. 185–187. doi:10.1002/9780470132524.ch42

[4] Vanasse, Benoit; O'Brien, Michael K. (2001). "Vanadium(II) Chloride". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rv002. ISBN 0471936235.

[5] Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

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