मनुष्य

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit मनुष्य (manuṣya).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /mə.nʊʂ.jᵊ/, [mɐ.nʊʃ.jᵊ]

Noun

मनुष्य • (manuṣya) m (Urdu spelling مَنُشیَہ)

1. human being, man; a descendant of Manu

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:मनुष्य

   प्रत्येक मनुष्य मरणशील है।

   pratyek manuṣya maraṇśīl hai.

   Every human being is mortal.

Declension

Declension of मनुष्य (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	मनुष्य manuṣya	मनुष्य manuṣya
oblique	मनुष्य manuṣya	मनुष्यों manuṣyõ
vocative	मनुष्य manuṣya	मनुष्यो manuṣyo

See also

• manouche

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “मनुष्य”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “मनुष्य”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• “मनुष्य”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit मनुष्य (manuṣya). Doublet of माणूस (māṇūs).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mə.nuʂ.jə/

Noun

मनुष्य • (manuṣya) m

1. a man
2. human being

Synonyms

• माणूस (māṇūs)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “मनुष्य”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “मनुष्य”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মনুষ্য (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬦᬸᬱ᭄ᬬ (Balinese script)
• মনুষ্য (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰡𑰲𑰬𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀦𑀼𑀱𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• မနုၑျ (Burmese script)
• મનુષ્ય (Gujarati script)
• ਮਨੁਸ਼੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌨𑍁𑌷𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦤꦸꦰꦾ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂢𑂳𑂭𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
• ಮನುಷ್ಯ (Kannada script)
• មនុឞ្យ (Khmer script)
• ມນຸຩ຺ຍ (Lao script)
• മനുഷ്യ (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠᠨᡠᢢᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘡𑘳𑘬𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᠨᠤᢔᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧁𑧔𑧌𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐣𑐸𑐲𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
• ମନୁଷ୍ଯ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢥꢸꢰ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆤𑆶𑆰𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖡𑖲𑖬𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
• මනුෂ්‍ය (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩯𑩒𑪀 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚝𑚰𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
• மநுஷ்ய (Tamil script)
• మనుష్య (Telugu script)
• มนุษฺย (Thai script)
• མ་ནུ་ཥྱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒢𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨝𑨃𑨯𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *manušyás, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mon- (“man”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬎𐬱 (manuš). Related to मनु (mánu).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɐ.nu.ʂí.jɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mɐˈn̪uʂ.jɐ/

Adjective

मनुष्य • (manuṣyà) stem

1. human, manly, useful or friendly to man

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मनुष्य (manuṣyà)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मनुष्यः manuṣyàḥ	मनुष्यौ / मनुष्या¹ manuṣyaù / manuṣyā̀¹	मनुष्याः / मनुष्यासः¹ manuṣyā̀ḥ / manuṣyā̀saḥ¹
Vocative	मनुष्य mánuṣya	मनुष्यौ / मनुष्या¹ mánuṣyau / mánuṣyā¹	मनुष्याः / मनुष्यासः¹ mánuṣyāḥ / mánuṣyāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मनुष्यम् manuṣyàm	मनुष्यौ / मनुष्या¹ manuṣyaù / manuṣyā̀¹	मनुष्यान् manuṣyā̀n
Instrumental	मनुष्येण manuṣyèṇa	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्यैः / मनुष्येभिः¹ manuṣyaìḥ / manuṣyèbhiḥ¹
Dative	मनुष्याय manuṣyā̀ya	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्येभ्यः manuṣyèbhyaḥ
Ablative	मनुष्यात् manuṣyā̀t	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्येभ्यः manuṣyèbhyaḥ
Genitive	मनुष्यस्य manuṣyàsya	मनुष्ययोः manuṣyàyoḥ	मनुष्याणाम् manuṣyā̀ṇām
Locative	मनुष्ये manuṣyè	मनुष्ययोः manuṣyàyoḥ	मनुष्येषु manuṣyèṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of मनुष्या (manuṣyā̀)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मनुष्या manuṣyā̀	मनुष्ये manuṣyè	मनुष्याः manuṣyā̀ḥ
Vocative	मनुष्ये mánuṣye	मनुष्ये mánuṣye	मनुष्याः mánuṣyāḥ
Accusative	मनुष्याम् manuṣyā̀m	मनुष्ये manuṣyè	मनुष्याः manuṣyā̀ḥ
Instrumental	मनुष्यया / मनुष्या¹ manuṣyàyā / manuṣyā̀¹	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्याभिः manuṣyā̀bhiḥ
Dative	मनुष्यायै manuṣyā̀yai	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्याभ्यः manuṣyā̀bhyaḥ
Ablative	मनुष्यायाः / मनुष्यायै² manuṣyā̀yāḥ / manuṣyā̀yai²	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्याभ्यः manuṣyā̀bhyaḥ
Genitive	मनुष्यायाः / मनुष्यायै² manuṣyā̀yāḥ / manuṣyā̀yai²	मनुष्ययोः manuṣyàyoḥ	मनुष्याणाम् manuṣyā̀ṇām
Locative	मनुष्यायाम् manuṣyā̀yām	मनुष्ययोः manuṣyàyoḥ	मनुष्यासु manuṣyā̀su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of मनुष्य (manuṣyà)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मनुष्यम् manuṣyàm	मनुष्ये manuṣyè	मनुष्याणि / मनुष्या¹ manuṣyā̀ṇi / manuṣyā̀¹
Vocative	मनुष्य mánuṣya	मनुष्ये mánuṣye	मनुष्याणि / मनुष्या¹ mánuṣyāṇi / mánuṣyā¹
Accusative	मनुष्यम् manuṣyàm	मनुष्ये manuṣyè	मनुष्याणि / मनुष्या¹ manuṣyā̀ṇi / manuṣyā̀¹
Instrumental	मनुष्येण manuṣyèṇa	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्यैः / मनुष्येभिः¹ manuṣyaìḥ / manuṣyèbhiḥ¹
Dative	मनुष्याय manuṣyā̀ya	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्येभ्यः manuṣyèbhyaḥ
Ablative	मनुष्यात् manuṣyā̀t	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्येभ्यः manuṣyèbhyaḥ
Genitive	मनुष्यस्य manuṣyàsya	मनुष्ययोः manuṣyàyoḥ	मनुष्याणाम् manuṣyā̀ṇām
Locative	मनुष्ये manuṣyè	मनुष्ययोः manuṣyàyoḥ	मनुष्येषु manuṣyèṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

मनुष्य • (manuṣyà) stem, m

1. a man, human being
2. a man (as opposed to woman)
3. a husband
4. a class of deceased ancestors (those who receive the पिण्ड (piṇḍa) offering)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मनुष्य (manuṣyà)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मनुष्यः manuṣyàḥ	मनुष्यौ / मनुष्या¹ manuṣyaù / manuṣyā̀¹	मनुष्याः / मनुष्यासः¹ manuṣyā̀ḥ / manuṣyā̀saḥ¹
Vocative	मनुष्य mánuṣya	मनुष्यौ / मनुष्या¹ mánuṣyau / mánuṣyā¹	मनुष्याः / मनुष्यासः¹ mánuṣyāḥ / mánuṣyāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मनुष्यम् manuṣyàm	मनुष्यौ / मनुष्या¹ manuṣyaù / manuṣyā̀¹	मनुष्यान् manuṣyā̀n
Instrumental	मनुष्येण manuṣyèṇa	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्यैः / मनुष्येभिः¹ manuṣyaìḥ / manuṣyèbhiḥ¹
Dative	मनुष्याय manuṣyā̀ya	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्येभ्यः manuṣyèbhyaḥ
Ablative	मनुष्यात् manuṣyā̀t	मनुष्याभ्याम् manuṣyā̀bhyām	मनुष्येभ्यः manuṣyèbhyaḥ
Genitive	मनुष्यस्य manuṣyàsya	मनुष्ययोः manuṣyàyoḥ	मनुष्याणाम् manuṣyā̀ṇām
Locative	मनुष्ये manuṣyè	मनुष्ययोः manuṣyàyoḥ	मनुष्येषु manuṣyèṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Terms inherited from मनुष्य (manuṣya)

• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀫𑀦𑀼𑀰 (manuśa), 𑀫𑀦𑀼𑀲 (manusa), 𑀫𑀦𑀼𑀱 (manuṣa)
  • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀡𑀼𑀰𑁆𑀰 (maṇuśśa)
    • Early Assamese: মুনিষ (muniṣo)
      • Assamese: মুনিহ (munih)
    • Early Assamese: মানুষ (manuṣo)
      • Assamese: মানুহ (manuh)
    • Bengali: মানুষ (manuś)
    • Bengali: মিনসে (minośe)
    • Kamta: মানষি (manṣi)
    • Rohingya: manúic
    • Sylheti: ꠝꠣꠘꠥ (manu)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀡𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀲 (maṇussa), 𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀼𑀲 (māṇusa)
    • Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘰𑘡𑘳𑘭 (mānusa), 𑘦𑘰𑘜𑘳𑘭 (māṇusa)
      • Marathi: माणूस (māṇūs) (from the alternative form 𑘦𑘰𑘜𑘳𑘭 (māṇusa))
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀡𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀲 (maṇussa)
    • Gujarati: માણસ (māṇas)
    • Pahari:
      • Garhwali: मन्खि (mankhi)
      • Nepali: मानिस (mānis), मान्छे (mānche)
    • Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi script: ਮਨੁੱਖ (manukkha)

      Shahmukhi script: مَنُکّھ (manukkh)

    • Romani: manuś, manush (Anglicized), manuš (Pan-Vlax)
      • Angloromani: mannush
      • → French: manouche
      • → Hungarian: manus
    • Romani: murś, mursh (Anglicized), murš (Pan-Vlax)
      • Angloromani: mush
        • → English: mush
      • Tavringer Romani: mus, muss, musij, mossj, måssj
        • → Swedish: musch, mors (possibly)
    • Sindhi: माण्हू (māṇhū)
• Pali: manussa
  • → Burmese: မနုဿ (ma.nu.ssa.)
  • → Khmer: មនុស្ស (mɔnuh)
  • → Lao: ມະນຸດ (ma nut)
  • → Old Javanese: mānuṣa
    • Javanese: ꦩꦤꦸꦁꦱ (manungsa)
    • → Balinese: ᬫᬵᬦᬸᬱ (manusa)

Learned borrowings from मनुष्य (manuṣya)

• → Amahai: mansia
• → Balinese: ᬫᬦᬸᬲ (manusa)
• → English: manusya
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: मनुष्य (manuṣya)

  Urdu: منشیہ (manuśya)

• → Kannada: ಮನುಷ್ಯ (manuṣya)
• → Lü: ᦙᦓᦳᧆ (mnud)
• → Malay: manusia
  • → Indonesian: manusia
• → Marathi: मनुष्य (manuṣya)
• → Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘡𑘳𑘏𑘿𑘧 (manukhya), 𑘦𑘡𑘳𑘎𑘿𑘬 (manukṣa)
• → Maguindanao: manusia
• → Malayalam: മനുഷ്യൻ (manuṣyaṉ)
• → Maranao: manosiya
• → Sundanese: manusa
• → Tamil: மனுஷன் (maṉuṣaṉ), மனிதன் (maṉitaṉ)
• → Tagalog: manusya
• → Tausug: mānusiya'
• → Telugu: మనిషి (maniṣi)
• → Thai: มนุษย์ (má-nút)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मनुष्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0784/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 576-7
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “manuṣyà”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 564