宰

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See also: 幸
宰 U+5BB0, 宰
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BB0
← 宯
[U+5BAF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 宱 →
[U+5BB1]

Translingual

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Han character

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宰 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十卜廿十 (JYTJ), four-corner 30401, composition ⿱宀辛)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 286, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7160
  • Dae Jaweon: page 565, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 935, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+5BB0

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 宰
alternative forms 𡨧
𡨔
𠈾
𡪤

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (宰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
宰 *ʔsɯːʔ
縡 *ʔsɯːʔ, *ʔsɯːs
梓 *ʔsɯʔ
滓 *ʔsrɯʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 宀 (“house”) + 䇂.

In the modern form, contains 辛 instead.

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • chái/cháiⁿ - literary;
  • táiⁿ - vernacular.
Rime
Character 宰
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 作亥切
Baxter tsojX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʌiX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡səiX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sɒiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡səjX/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sᴀiX/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sɒiX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡sɑ̆iX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zǎi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zoi2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 宰
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zǎi
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsojX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ts]ˁəʔ/
English steward; minister

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 宰
Reading # 1/1
No. 16506
Phonetic
component 		宰
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		宰
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsɯːʔ/

Definitions

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宰

  1. to slaughter; to butcher
    宰殺／宰杀  ―  zǎishā  ―  to slaughter; to butcher
    宰了一頭豬／宰了一头猪  ―  zǎi le yī tóu zhū  ―  slaughtered one pig
  2. (historical) prefect; minister
    縣宰／县宰  ―  xiànzǎi  ―  head of a county; county magistrate
  3. to govern; to rule
    主宰  ―  zhǔzǎi  ―  to dominate; to rule; to dictate;
  4. (colloquial) to overcharge
    挨宰  ―  ái zǎi  ―  to get ripped off
    宰客  ―  zǎikè  ―  to rip off customers
  5. a surname: Zai

Synonyms

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  • (to slaughter):
Dialectal synonyms of 宰 (“to slaughter; to butcher”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 宰, 屠
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 宰殺, 屠宰
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 宰, 殺, 治 fish
Taiwan 宰, 殺
Singapore 殺
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 宰, 殺, 治
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 宰, 殺
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 宰, 殺
Wuhan 宰, 殺, 治 fish
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 殺, 宰, 治 fish
Hefei 殺, 治 fish
Cantonese Guangzhou 劏, 善 chicken
Hong Kong 劏
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 劏
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 劏
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 劏
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 劏
Macau 劏
Guangzhou (Panyu) 劏
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 劏
Guangzhou (Conghua) 劏
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 劏
Foshan 劏
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 劏
Foshan (Shunde) 劏
Foshan (Sanshui) 劏
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 劏
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 劏
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 劏
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 劏
Zhuhai (Doumen) 劏
Jiangmen (Baisha) 劏
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 劏
Taishan 劏
Kaiping (Chikan) 劏
Enping (Niujiang) 劏
Heshan (Yayao) 劏
Dongguan 劏
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 劏
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 劏
Qingyuan 劏
Fogang 劏
Yingde (Hanguang) 劏
Yangshan 劏
Lianshan (Butian) 劏
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 劏
Shaoguan 劏
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 劏
Renhua 劏
Lechang 劏
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 劏
Sihui 劏
Guangning 劏
Deqing 劏
Huaiji 劏
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 劏
Yunfu 劏
Xinxing 劏
Luoding 劏
Yunan (Pingtai) 劏
Yangjiang 劏
Nanning 劏
Wuzhou 劏
Yulin 劏
Hepu (Lianzhou) 劏
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 劏
Gan Nanchang 殺, 治 fish
Hakka Meixian 治, 刣
Xingning 治
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 劏, 捋
Huiyang 劏
Huidong (Daling) 治
Dongguan (Qingxi) 劏, 治
Boluo (Bendihua) 劏, 捋
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 劏
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 劏
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 治
Wuhua (Huacheng) 治, 劏 chicken
Wuhua (Changbu) 治
Wuhua (Mianyang) 治
Heyuan (Bendihua) 捋, 劏
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 捋, 劏
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 捋
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 捋
Wengyuan 劏
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 劏, 度
Liannan 劏
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 劏
Jiexi 治
Luhe 治
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 治
Changting 治
Wuping 治
Wuping (Yanqian) 治
Wuping (Pingyu) 治
Liancheng 治
Ninghua 破
Ningdu 治
Ruijin 治 pig, 殺 chicken
Shicheng 殺
Shangyou (Shexi) 治
Tonggu (Sandu) 治
Dayu 破
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 治
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 治
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 治
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 治
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 治
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 治
Hong Kong 劏
Yangxi (Tangkou) 劏
Yangchun (Sanjia) 劏
Xinyi (Sihe) 劏
Xinyi (Qianpai) 劏
Gaozhou (Xindong) 劏
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 劏
Huazhou (Xin'an) 劏
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 劏
Lianjiang (Qingping) 劏
Mengshan (Xihe) 劏
Luchuan 劏
Sabah (Longchuan) 劏
Senai (Huiyang) 劏
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 劏
Singkawang 劏
Jin Taiyuan 宰, 殺
Northern Min Jian'ou 刣
Songxi 刣
Zhenghe 刣
Jianyang 刣
Wuyishan 刣
Eastern Min Fuzhou 刣, 刺
Fuzhou (Changle) 刣
Lianjiang 刣
Fuqing 刣
Pingtan 刣
Yongtai 刣
Minqing 刣
Gutian 刣
Pingnan 刣
Luoyuan 刣
Fu'an 刣
Ningde 刣
Xiapu 刣
Zherong 刣
Shouning 刣
Zhouning 刣
Fuding 刣
Southern Min Xiamen 刣
Xiamen (Tong'an) 刣
Quanzhou 刣
Jinjiang 刣
Nan'an 刣
Shishi 刣
Hui'an 刣
Anxi 刣
Yongchun 刣
Dehua 刣
Zhangzhou 刣
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 刣
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 刣
Hua'an 刣
Nanjing 刣
Pinghe 刣
Zhangpu 刣
Yunxiao 刣
Zhao'an 刣
Dongshan 刣
Tainan 刣
Kinmen 刣
Penang (Hokkien) 刣
Singapore (Hokkien) 刣
Manila (Hokkien) 刣
Longyan 刣
Zhangping 刣
Datian 刣
Chaozhou 刣
Shantou 刣
Shantou (Chenghai) 刣
Jieyang 刣
Lufeng 刣
Haifeng 刣
Bangkok (Teochew) 刣
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 刣
Singapore (Teochew) 刣
Leizhou 刣
Wenchang 刣
Haikou 刣
Puxian Min Putian 刣
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 刣
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 刣
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 刣
Xianyou 刣
Xianyou (Fengting) 刣
Xianyou (Youyang) 刣
Central Min Yong'an 刣
Sanming (Sanyuan) 刣
Sanming (Shaxian) 刣
Shehua Fu'an 戮
Fuding 戮
Luoyuan 戮
Sanming 戮
Shunchang 戮
Hua'an 戮
Wu Shanghai 殺
Suzhou 殺
Wenzhou 㷟, 殺
Xiang Changsha 殺, 宰
Shuangfeng 殺

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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宰

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. superintend

Readings

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
宰
みこともち
Grade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 宰 – see the following entry.
【みこともち】
[noun] (archaic, possibly obsolete, historical) in ancient Japan prior to the Taika Reform, a governor appointed by the emperor to carry out imperial policies in the provinces
Alternative spelling
司
(This term, 宰, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
宰
おさむ
Grade: S
nanori
For pronunciation and definitions of 宰 – see the following entry.
【おさむ】
[proper noun] 修, 収, 宰, 摂, 治, 理, 納: a male given name
Alternative spellings
修, 収, 摂, 治, 理, 納
(This term, 宰, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 宰 (MC tsojX). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄌᆡ〯 (cǒy) (Yale: cǒy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕɛ(ː)] ~ [t͡ɕe̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [재(ː)/제(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

宰 (eumhun 재상 재 (jaesang jae))

  1. hanja form? of 재 (“official (person)”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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宰: Hán Nôm readings: tể

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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