覡

See also: 觋

覡 U+89A1, 覡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-89A1 ← 覠 [U+89A0] CJK Unified Ideographs 覢 → [U+89A2]

Translingual

Han character

覡 (Kangxi radical 147, 見+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一人月山山 (MOBUU), four-corner 1611₀, composition ⿰巫見)

1. wizard

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1135, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34875
• Dae Jaweon: page 1602, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3668, character 17
• Unihan data for U+89A1

Chinese

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 巫 (“shaman”) + 見 (“to see”).

Etymology 1

trad.		覡
simp.		觋
alternative forms		擊／击

Earliest extant attestation is in Discourses of the States (translation adapted from Keightley, 1989):

• 古者民神不雜。民之精爽不攜貳者，而又能齊肅衷正，其智能上下比義，其聖能光遠宣朗，其明能光照之，其聰能聽徹之，如是則明神降之，在男曰覡，在女曰巫。是使制神之處位次主，而為之牲器時服。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

  ---

  古者民神不杂。民之精爽不携贰者，而又能齐肃衷正，其智能上下比义，其圣能光远宣朗，其明能光照之，其聪能听彻之，如是则明神降之，在男曰觋，在女曰巫。是使制神之处位次主，而为之牲器时服。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

  From: Guoyu, circa 4^th century BCE

  Gǔ zhě mín shén bù zá. Mín zhī jīngshuǎng bù xié'èr zhě, ér yòu néng qí sù zhōng zhèng, qí zhì néng shàngxià bǐ yì, qí shèng néng guāng yuǎn xuān lǎng, qí míng néng guāngzhào zhī, qí cōng néng tīng chè zhī, rúshì zé míngshén jiàng zhī, zài nán yuē xí, zài nǚ yuē wū. Shì shǐ zhì shén zhī chùwèi cìzhǔ, ér wéi zhī shēng qì shífú. [Pinyin]

  [I]n antiquity, the (officers in charge of the) people and the (officers in charge of the) spirits were not intermingled (i.e., were not mixed up). There were those among the people whose spiritual vigor was undiverted and who were also able to act in reverence and rectitude; their intelligence could conform to what is right in the upper and lower realms, their sagacity could blaze afar and display what is bright, their clear vision could illuminate it, their astute hearing could provide thorough understanding of it. Thus, the spirits (ming shen 明神) descended to them. In the case of men, (these special people) were called Xi 覡; in the case of women, they were called Wu 巫. Thus, one employed them to give order to the position and precedence of the spirits and to prepare their sacrificial victims, the ritual vessels, and the ceremonial garments of the seasons.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xí (xi²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hat⁶
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): heh⁷

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xí
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sí
    • Wade–Giles: hsi²
    • Yale: syí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyi
    • Palladius: си (si)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hat⁶
    • Yale: haht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hed⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐt̚²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: heh⁷
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɛʔ⁴/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: heh⁷
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɛʔ²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: hek

Rime
Character	覡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	錫 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	胡狄切
Baxter	hek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/ɣek̚/
Wang Li	/ɣiek̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣiek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jik6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡeːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	覡
Reading #	1/1
No.	13398
Phonetic component	覡
Rime group	錫
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	檄
Old Chinese	/*ɡeːɡ/
Notes	或雲見亦聲

Definitions

覡

1. (literary) male shaman; wizard

Compounds

• 巫覡／巫觋 (wūxí)

 

Etymology 2

trad.		覡
simp.		觋
alternative forms		醒 Cantonese

Pronunciation

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): seng²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): sang⁴

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sang

  (Meixian, Guangdong): sang⁴

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: seng²
    • Yale: séng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: seng²
    • Guangdong Romanization: séng²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛːŋ³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: sang⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sang
    • Hakka Romanization System: sang
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sang⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /saŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: sang⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /saŋ⁵³/

Definitions

覡

1. (Cantonese, Hakka) sorcery; witchcraft

Compounds

• 問覡／问觋
• 覡公／觋公
• 覡婆／觋婆

 

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “觋”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 253.

Japanese

Kanji

覡

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. medium, diviner

Readings

• Go-on: ぎゃく (gyaku)
• Kan-on: けき (keki)
• Kan’yō-on: げき (geki)
• Kun: かんなぎ (kannagi, 覡)、こうなぎ (kōnagi, 覡)、みこ (miko, 覡)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
覡
かんなぎ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 覡 – see the following entry.

【巫かんなぎ】J [noun] (archaic) a medium or shaman, usually female, who acts as a medium between humans and the spirits or gods, helping to communicate between the two and to calm any supernatural or spiritual upset

(This term, 覡, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
覡
こうなぎ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 覡 – see the following entry.

【巫こうなぎ】J [noun] (archaic, possibly obsolete) a medium or shaman, usually female, who acts as a medium between humans and the spirits or gods, helping to communicate between the two and to calm any supernatural or spiritual upset

(This term, 覡, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
覡
みこ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 覡 – see the following entry.

【巫女みこ】 [noun] An unmarried woman who serves at a Shintō shrine, helping to receive visitors and performing 神楽 (kagura) dances at ceremonies, among other responsibilities. A shrine maid. [noun] An unmarried woman who serves a deity as a medium to convey oracles. Alternative spellings 神子, 神巫, 巫

(This term, 覡, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

覡 • (gyeok) (hangeul 격, revised gyeok, McCune–Reischauer kyŏk, Yale kyek)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.