lingual

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin linguālis, from lingua (“the tongue; a language, speech”) +‎ -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix); equivalent to lingua +‎ -al. Doublet of lingualis.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/, /ˈlɪŋ.ɡju.əl/

Rhymes: -ɪŋɡwəl, -ɪŋɡjuəl

Adjective

lingual (not comparable)

1. (anatomy, dentistry, relational) Related to, near, or on the side toward the tongue.

   Synonym: (rare) glossal

   1. (phonetics) Articulated with the tongue.
2. (linguistics, relational) Related to language or linguistics.

   Synonym: linguistic

Synonyms

• tonguely

Coordinate terms

• (dentistry location adjectives) anterior,‎ apical,‎ apicocoronal,‎ axial,‎ buccal,‎ buccoapical,‎ buccocervical,‎ buccogingival,‎ buccolabial,‎ buccolingual,‎ bucco-occlusal,‎ buccopalatal,‎ cervical,‎ coronal,‎ coronoapical,‎ distal,‎ distoapical,‎ distobuccal,‎ distocervical,‎ distocoronal,‎ distofacial,‎ distogingival,‎ distoincisal,‎ distolingual,‎ disto-occlusal,‎ distoclusal,‎ distocclusal,‎ distopalatal,‎ facial,‎ gingival,‎ incisal,‎ incisocervical,‎ inferior,‎ labial,‎ lingual,‎ linguobuccal,‎ linguo-occlusal,‎ mandibular,‎ maxillary,‎ mesial,‎ mesioapical,‎ mesiobuccal,‎ mesiocervical,‎ mesiocoronal,‎ mesiodistal,‎ mesiofacial,‎ mesioincisal,‎ mesiogingival,‎ mesiolingual,‎ mesio-occlusal,‎ mesioclusal,‎ mesiocclusal,‎ mesiopalatal,‎ occlusal,‎ palatal,‎ posterior,‎ proximal,‎ superior,‎ vestibular ^{(Category: en:Dentistry) [edit]}

Derived terms

• linguality
• lingualize
• lingually

 

Compound words

• alveololingual
• ambilingual
• anterolingual
• apicolingual
• audiolingual
• axiolingual
• bilingual
• brevilingual
• buccolingual
• cervicolingual
• colingual
• crosslingual
• dentilingual
• distolingual
• dorsolingual
• equilingual
• exolingual
• faciolingual
• fissilingual
• gingivolingual
• heptalingual
• heterolingual
• homolingual
• hyolingual
• interlingual
• intralingual
• labiolingual
• laterolingual
• matrilingual
• mediolingual
• mesiolingual
• mesolingual
• metalingual
• metrolingual
• midlingual
• monolingual
• multilingual
• octolingual
• omnilingual
• orolingual
• panlingual
• paralingual
• pentalingual
• perilingual
• plurilingual
• polylingual
• posterolingual
• postlingual
• prelingual
• protolingual
• quadrilingual
• quinquelingual
• retrolingual
• semilingual
• sesquilingual
• sublingual
• tetralingual
• translingual
• trilingual
• unilingual
• ventrolingual
• vestibulolingual

 

Expressions

• lingual artery
• lingual bone
• lingual nerve
• lingual tonsil

 

Translations

related to the tongue

• Arabic: لِسَانِيّ (lisāniyy)
• Belarusian: язы́чны (jazýčny), языко́вы (jazykóvy)
• Bulgarian: ези́чен (ezíčen)
• Catalan: lingual (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 舌的 (zh) (shé de)

• Czech: lingvální
• Esperanto: langa
• Finnish: kieli- (fi), kielen- (fi)
• French: lingual (fr)
• Galician: lingual (gl)
• German: lingual (de), Zungen- (de)
• Greek: γλωσσικός (el) (glossikós)
• Hebrew: לְשׁוֹנִי (l'shoní)
• Irish: teangach, teangúil
• Italian: linguale (it)
• Latin: linguālis
• Macedonian: јазичен (jazičen)
• Polish: językowy (pl) m
• Portuguese: lingual (pt)
• Russian: язы́чный (ru) (jazýčnyj), лингва́льный (ru) (lingválʹnyj), языково́й (ru) (jazykovój)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: јѐзичнӣ, јѐзичкӣ

  Roman: jèzičnī (sh), jèzičkī (sh)

• Slovak: jazykový
• Slovene: (medical) lingválen, jezíčen
• Spanish: lingual (es)
• Swedish: tung-, lingval
• Ukrainian: язико́вий (uk) (jazykóvyj)
• Volapük: linegik

related to language — see linguistic

Noun

lingual (plural linguals)

1. (phonetics) A sound articulated with the tongue.

Coordinate terms

• alveolar
• dental
• glottal
• labial
• nasal
• palatal
• pharyngeal
• velar

 

Translations

sound articulated with the tongue

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 舌音 (zh) (shéyīn)

• Finnish: kieliäänne
• German: Zungenlaut m
• Japanese: 舌音 (ぜつおん, zetsuon)
• Latin: linguālis

References

• “lingual”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “lingual”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

Anagrams

• Luliang, Lüliang, lingula

French

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin linguālis.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

lingual (feminine linguale, masculine plural linguaux, feminine plural linguales)

1. lingual

Descendants

• → Romanian: lingual

Further reading

• “lingual”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

German

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin linguālis, from Latin lingua (“tongue, speech”).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aːl

Adjective

lingual (strong nominative masculine singular lingualer, not comparable)

1. (relational) tongue; lingual
2. (relational) language; lingual, linguistic

   Synonym: sprachlich

Derived terms

• audiolingual
• bilingual
• extralingual
• interlingual
• intralingual
• monolingual
• multilingual
• paralingual
• perlingual
• plurilingual
• sublingual
• trilingual

 

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin linguālis, from Latin lingua (“tongue, speech”) + -ālis.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /lĩˈɡwaw/ [lĩˈɡwaʊ̯]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /lĩˈɡwal/ [lĩˈɡwaɫ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /lĩˈɡwal/ [lĩˈɡwaɫ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /lĩˈɡwa.li/

• Rhymes: -al, -aw
• Hyphenation: lin‧gual

Adjective

lingual m or f (plural linguais)

1. (anatomy) lingual (relating to the tongue)
2. (phonetics) lingual (articulated with the tongue)

Related terms

• língua

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French lingual, from Medieval Latin linguālis.

Adjective

lingual m or n (feminine singular linguală, masculine plural linguali, feminine and neuter plural linguale)

1. lingual

Declension

Declension of lingual

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	lingual		linguală	linguali	linguale
	definite	lingualul		linguala	lingualii	lingualele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	lingual		linguale	linguali	linguale
	definite	lingualului		lingualei	lingualilor	lingualelor

Spanish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin linguālis, from Latin lingua (“tongue, speech”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /linˈɡwal/ [lĩŋˈɡwal]
• Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: lin‧gual

Adjective

lingual m or f (masculine and feminine plural linguales)

1. lingual

Derived terms

• sublingual

 

Related terms

• lengua

 

Further reading

• “lingual”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28