retardar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin retardāre.

Verb

retardar (first-person singular present retardo, first-person singular preterite retardí, past participle retardat)

1. to retard, to slow
2. to defer, to delay

Conjugation

    Conjugation of retardar (first conjugation)

infinitive			retardar
gerund			retardant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		retardat		retardada
		plural		retardats		retardades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	retardo	retardes	retarda	retardem	retardeu	retarden
	imperfect	retardava	retardaves	retardava	retardàvem	retardàveu	retardaven
	future	retardaré	retardaràs	retardarà	retardarem	retardareu	retardaran
	preterite	retardí	retardares	retardà	retardàrem	retardàreu	retardaren
	conditional	retardaria	retardaries	retardaria	retardaríem	retardaríeu	retardarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	retardi	retardis	retardi	retardem	retardeu	retardin
	imperfect	retardés	retardessis	retardés	retardéssim	retardéssiu	retardessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	retarda	retardi	retardem	retardeu	retardin
	negative (no)	—	no retardis	no retardi	no retardem	no retardeu	no retardin

Further reading

• “retardar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “retardar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “retardar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “retardar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Interlingua

Etymology

From English retard, French retarder, Spanish retardar, Portuguese retardar and Italian ritardare, all ultimately from Latin retardāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /re.tarˈdar/

Verb

retardar

1. (transitive) to slow, to retard
   • 1955 June, Braunsteiner Herbert, Pakesch Franziska, “Electron Microscopy and the Functional Significance of a New Cellular Structure in Plasmocytes: A Review”, in Blood‎^[1], volume 10, number 6, →PMID, pages 650–654:

     Progresso in iste area ha essite retardate per le necessitate de disveloppar nove technicas de fixation, sectionamento, etc., sed istos es nunc si perfectionate que on pote predicer triumphos futur extendite usque al visualisation de structuras molecular intra le cellula.

     Progress in this area has been slowed by the need to develop new techniques of fixation, embedding and sectioning, etc., but they are now, if perfected, such that one could predict future triumphs even as far as the visualization of molecular structures within the cell.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of retardar

infinitive		retardar
participle		present	perfect
		retardante	retardate
active		simple	perfect
	present	retarda	ha retardate
	past	retardava	habeva retardate
	future	retardara	habera retardate
	conditional	retardarea	haberea retardate
	imperative	retarda
passive		simple	perfect
	present	es retardate	ha essite retardate
	past	esseva retardate	habeva essite retardate
	future	essera retardate	habera essite retardate
	conditional	esserea retardate	haberea essite retardate
	imperative	sia retardate

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin retardāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁe.taʁˈda(ʁ)/ [he.taɦˈda(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁe.taʁˈda(ʁ)/ [he.taɦˈda(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʁe.taɾˈda(ɾ)/ [he.taɾˈda(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁe.taʁˈda(ʁ)/ [χe.taʁˈda(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁe.taɻˈda(ɻ)/ [he.taɻˈda(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.tɐɾˈdaɾ/ [ʁɨ.tɐɾˈðaɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.tɐɾˈdaɾ/ [ʁɨ.tɐɾˈðaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.tɐɾˈda.ɾi/ [ʁɨ.tɐɾˈða.ɾi]

• Hyphenation: re‧tar‧dar

Verb

retardar (first-person singular present retardo, first-person singular preterite retardei, past participle retardado)

1. to retard, to slow
2. to defer, to delay

Conjugation

    Conjugation of retardar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	retardar
Personal	retardar	retardares	retardar	retardarmos	retardardes	retardarem
Gerund
	retardando
Past participle
Masculine	retardado			retardados
Feminine	retardada			retardadas
Indicative
Present	retardo	retardas	retarda	retardamos	retardais	retardam
Imperfect	retardava	retardavas	retardava	retardávamos	retardáveis	retardavam
Preterite	retardei	retardaste	retardou	retardamos1, retardámos2	retardastes	retardaram
Pluperfect	retardara	retardaras	retardara	retardáramos	retardáreis	retardaram
Future	retardarei	retardarás	retardará	retardaremos	retardareis	retardarão
Conditional	retardaria	retardarias	retardaria	retardaríamos	retardaríeis	retardariam
Subjunctive
Present	retarde	retardes	retarde	retardemos	retardeis	retardem
Imperfect	retardasse	retardasses	retardasse	retardássemos	retardásseis	retardassem
Future	retardar	retardares	retardar	retardarmos	retardardes	retardarem
Imperative
Affirmative		retarda	retarde	retardemos	retardai	retardem
Negative (não)		não retardes	não retarde	não retardemos	não retardeis	não retardem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin retardāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /retaɾˈdaɾ/ [re.t̪aɾˈð̞aɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: re‧tar‧dar

Verb

retardar (first-person singular present retardo, first-person singular preterite retardé, past participle retardado)

1. to retard, to slow
2. to defer, to delay

Conjugation

    Conjugation of retardar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			retardar
gerund			retardando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		retardado		retardada
		plural		retardados		retardadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	retardo	retardastú retardásvos	retarda	retardamos	retardáis	retardan
	imperfect	retardaba	retardabas	retardaba	retardábamos	retardabais	retardaban
	preterite	retardé	retardaste	retardó	retardamos	retardasteis	retardaron
	future	retardaré	retardarás	retardará	retardaremos	retardaréis	retardarán
	conditional	retardaría	retardarías	retardaría	retardaríamos	retardaríais	retardarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	retarde	retardestú retardésvos2	retarde	retardemos	retardéis	retarden
	imperfect (ra)	retardara	retardaras	retardara	retardáramos	retardarais	retardaran
	imperfect (se)	retardase	retardases	retardase	retardásemos	retardaseis	retardasen
	future1	retardare	retardares	retardare	retardáremos	retardareis	retardaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		retardatú retardávos	retarde	retardemos	retardad	retarden
	negative		no retardes	no retarde	no retardemos	no retardéis	no retarden

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of retardar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive retardar
	dative	retardarme	retardarte	retardarle, retardarse	retardarnos	retardaros	retardarles, retardarse
	accusative	retardarme	retardarte	retardarlo, retardarla, retardarse	retardarnos	retardaros	retardarlos, retardarlas, retardarse
with gerund retardando
	dative	retardándome	retardándote	retardándole, retardándose	retardándonos	retardándoos	retardándoles, retardándose
	accusative	retardándome	retardándote	retardándolo, retardándola, retardándose	retardándonos	retardándoos	retardándolos, retardándolas, retardándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative retarda
	dative	retárdame	retárdate	retárdale	retárdanos	not used	retárdales
	accusative	retárdame	retárdate	retárdalo, retárdala	retárdanos	not used	retárdalos, retárdalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative retardá
	dative	retardame	retardate	retardale	retardanos	not used	retardales
	accusative	retardame	retardate	retardalo, retardala	retardanos	not used	retardalos, retardalas
with formal second-person singular imperative retarde
	dative	retárdeme	not used	retárdele, retárdese	retárdenos	not used	retárdeles
	accusative	retárdeme	not used	retárdelo, retárdela, retárdese	retárdenos	not used	retárdelos, retárdelas
with first-person plural imperative retardemos
	dative	not used	retardémoste	retardémosle	retardémonos	retardémoos	retardémosles
	accusative	not used	retardémoste	retardémoslo, retardémosla	retardémonos	retardémoos	retardémoslos, retardémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative retardad
	dative	retardadme	not used	retardadle	retardadnos	retardaos	retardadles
	accusative	retardadme	not used	retardadlo, retardadla	retardadnos	retardaos	retardadlos, retardadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative retarden
	dative	retárdenme	not used	retárdenle	retárdennos	not used	retárdenles, retárdense
	accusative	retárdenme	not used	retárdenlo, retárdenla	retárdennos	not used	retárdenlos, retárdenlas, retárdense

Derived terms

• retardador
• retardativo
• retardo

 

Related terms

• retardación
• retardatario

 

Further reading

• “retardar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28