Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis, wanda kuma aka sani da hanta cirrhosis ko hanta cirrhosis, wani yanayi ne wanda hanta ba ta aiki yadda ya kamata saboda lalacewa na dogon lokaci.[1] Wannan lalacewa yana kuma bayyana ta hanyar maye gurbin naman hanta na al'ada ta hanyar tabo.[1] Yawanci, cutar tana tasowa a hankali a cikin watanni ko shekaru.[1] Tun da wuri, sau da yawa babu alamun bayyanar. Yayin da cutar ke kara ta’azzara, mutum zai gaji, ya raunata, ya yi zafi, ya yi kumburi a kafafunsa na kasa, ya yi launin rawaya, ya yi rauni cikin sauki, ya samu ruwa a ciki, ko kuma ya samu tasoshin jini kamar gizo-gizo a fata.[1] Ruwan da ke taruwa a cikin ciki na iya kamuwa da cuta nan da nan.[1] Wasu matsaloli masu tsanani sun haɗa da ciwon hanta, zubar jini daga faɗuwar jijiyoyi a cikin magudanar ruwa ko faɗuwar jijiyoyin ciki, da ciwon hanta.[1] Encephalopathy na hanta yana haifar da rudani kuma yana iya haifar da rashin sani.[1]
Cirrhosis yawanci ana haifar da barasa, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, da cututtukan hanta mai kitse mara-giya. Yawanci, ana buƙatar fiye da biyu ko uku abubuwan sha a kowace rana fiye da shekaru masu yawa don cirrhosis na barasa ya faru. Cutar hanta mai kitse ba ta barasa ba tana da dalilai da yawa, ciki har da kiba, ciwon sukari, kitsen jini, da hawan jini. Yawancin abubuwan da ba a saba da su ba na cirrhosis sun haɗa da hepatitis autoimmune, biliary cholangitis na farko, hemochromatosis, wasu magunguna, da gallstones.[1] Bincike ya dogara ne akan gwajin jini, hoton likita, da biopsy hanta.[1]
Wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da cirrhosis, kamar hepatitis B, ana iya kiyaye su ta hanyar rigakafi.[1] Jiyya wani bangare ya dogara da ainihin dalilin,[1] amma burin sau da yawa shine don hana tabarbarewa da rikitarwa.[1] Ana ba da shawarar guje wa barasa a duk lokuta na cirrhosis.[1] Ana iya magance cutar hepatitis B da C tare da magungunan rigakafi.[1] Za a iya bi da ciwon hanta na autoimmune tare da magungunan steroid.[1] Ursodiol na iya zama da amfani idan cutar ta kasance saboda toshewar bile ducts.[1] Wasu magunguna na iya zama da amfani ga rikice-rikice kamar kumburin ciki ko ƙafafu, ciwon hanta, da faɗuwar veins na esophageal.[1] A cikin cirrhosis mai tsanani, dashen hanta na iya zama zaɓi.[1]
Cirrhosis ya shafi kusan mutane miliyan 2.8 kuma ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane miliyan 1.3 a cikin 2015.[2][3] Daga cikin mutuwar, barasa ya haifar da 348,000, hepatitis C ya haifar da 326,000, da ciwon hanta na B ya haifar da 371,000.[3] A Amurka, yawancin maza ke mutuwa da cirrhosis fiye da mata.[1] Bayanin farko da aka sani game da yanayin shine ta Hippocrates a cikin karni na 5 KZ.[4] An ƙirƙira kalmar cirrhosis a cikin 1819, daga kalmar Helenanci don launin rawaya na hanta mara lafiya.[5]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 "Cirrhosis". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. April 23, 2014. Archived from the original on 9 June 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
- ↑ GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence, Collaborators. (8 October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators. (8 October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
- ↑ Brower, Steven T. (2012). Elective general surgery : an evidence-based approach. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. p. 36. ISBN 9781607951094. Archived from the original on 2017-09-08.
- ↑ Roguin A (2006). "Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781–1826): The Man Behind the Stethoscope". Clinical Medicine & Research. 4 (3): 230–5. doi:10.3121/cmr.4.3.230. PMC 1570491. PMID 17048358.