Andrew Johnson

Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson
Présidhèn Amérika Sarékat angka 17
	Linggih; 15 April 1865 – 4 Maret 1869
Kang sadurungé	Abraham Lincoln
Kang sawisé	Ulysses Grant
Pratélan Wakil Présidhèn Amérika Sarékat angka 16
	Linggih; 4 Maret 1865 – 15 April 1865
Présidhèn	Abraham Lincoln
Kang sadurungé	Hannibal Hamlin
Kang sawisé	Schuyler Colfax
Senator Amérika Sarékat; saka Tennessee
	Linggih; 4 Maret 1875 – 31 Juli 1875
Kang sadurungé	William Brownlow
Kang sawisé	David Key
	Linggih; 8 Oktober 1857 – 4 Maret 1862
Kang sadurungé	James Jones
Kang sawisé	David Patterson
Gubernur Tennessee
	Linggih; 17 Oktober 1853 – 3 November 1857
Kang sadurungé	William B. Campbell
Kang sawisé	Isham G. Harris
Gubernur Militer Tennessee
	Linggih; 12 Maret 1862 – 4 Maret 1865
Kang sadurungé	Isham G. Harris
Kang sawisé	Edward H. East; sebagai Pejabat Gubernur
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives; from Tennessee's kaping 1 district
	Linggih; 4 Maret 1843 – 3 Maret 1853
Kang sadurungé	Thomas Arnold
Kang sawisé	Brookins Campbell
Rerincèn dhiri
Lair	29 Dhésèmber 1808; Raleigh, Karolina Utara, Amérika Sarékat
Pati	Juli 31, 1875 (umur 66); Elizabethton, Tennessee, Amérika Sarékat
Parté pulitik	Dhémokrat
Gayutan pulitik liya	Persatuan Nasional (1864–1868)
Sisihan	Eliza McCardle
Anak	Martha; Charles; Mary; Robert; Andrew
Profési	Penjahit
Agama	Kristen Non-denominasional
Tandha tangan

Andrew Johnson (lair ing Raleigh, North Carolina, 29 Dhésèmber 1808 – pati ing Elizabethton, Tennessee, 31 Juli 1875 ing umur 66 taun) ya iku présidhèn Amérika Sarékat angka 17 lan njabat ing 1865 tekan 1869.^[3] Muturut konstitusi, Andrew Johnson sing njabat minangka Wakil Présidhèn sing otomatis dadi présidhèn nalika Présidhèn Abraham Lincoln tilar donya ing prastawa rajapati.^[4] Panjenengané uga salah sijining présidhèn Amérika Sarékat sing nikah ing yuswa paling enom, nalika dina nikahé 5 Mèi 1827, panjenengané 18 taun yuswané, nanging garwané, Eliza McCardle, yuswané 16 taun.

Mangsa cilik

Andrew Johnson dilairaké 29 Dhésèmber 1808. Wong Tuwané mlarat. Bapaké salah sijining tukang jaga lawang ing salah sijining papan panginepan, lan ibuké tilas pelayan ing panginepan mau.^[5]

Andrew Johnson ora tau disekolahaké, nanging lekas sinau dhéwé nalika umuré isih enom. Nalika enom, panjenengané makarya ing salah sijining tukang jait, kanthi karep kanggo dadi tukang jait. Nanging panjenengané salanjuté lumayu ing salah sijining kutha ing Tennessee lan ing papan iku panjenengané mbukak salah sijining toko jait klambi.^[6]

Karir pulitik

Andrew Johnson nglamar anaké tukang sepatu. Garwané, sing pendhidhikané apik, nyurung Andrew Johnson ing usaha-pangudiné kanggo yasa awaké dewé kanthi sinau. Ora suwé, panjenengané wés kasil nglumpukaké kauletan-kauletan lan jeneng apik ing kalangan masarakat minangka warga sing paling kaloka. Panjenengané nduwé rasa perhatian ing masalah-masalah kemasyarakatan lan ing akhiré nggawa masalah iku ing donya pulitik. Panjenengané dadi anggota Dewan Kotapraja, salanjuté njabat minangka walikutha, lan salanjuté iku wakil praja lan senator.^[7]

Ing yuswa 35 taun panjenengané dadi anggota ing Kongrès Amérika lan njabat sasuwéné sepuluh taun. Salanjuté panjenengané dadi Gubernur Tennesse lan sawisé iku dadi senator sasuwéné limang taun.^[8]

Mangsa Kaprèsidhènan

Ing tanggal 15 April 1865, sawisé Présidhèn Lincoln tilar donya amarga rajapati, Andrew Johnson diangkat dadi présidhèn.^[9]

Sasuwené mangsa jabatané, rong amandemèn wes ditambahaké ing kongrès Amérika. Amandemèn sing ditambahaké ya iku^[10]:

Ngilangaké babagan batur tukon ing Amérika Sarékat lan ngukuhaké wong-wong négro minangka warga nagara Amérika, lan nglarang diskriminasi kanggo golongan iku. Undang-undang iki kaloka minangka undang-undang Hak Sipil taun 1866.
Ora ana praja sing olèh nyabut jiwa, kabebasan utawa harta bendané salah sijining wong tanpa lumantar ukum sing lumaku.

Présidhèn Andrew Johnson ya iku anggota saka Parté Dhémokrat Amérika Sarékat, padahal Lincoln asalé saka Parté Parté Républik Amérika Sarékat. Panjenengané ora dikancani karo wakil présidhèn. Sasuwené nyekel jabatané, panjenengané béda pamikirian karo kongres, luwih-luwih karo anggota-anggota parté républik sing radikal. Golongan iki nyekel peran nalika mutusaké salah sijining undang-undang, kalebu mbatalaké veto salah sijining présidhèn. Kanggo sing kapisan ing sajarah kongrès kasil mbatalaké putusan présidhèn babagan salah sijining undang-undang wigati. Para anggota padha usaha kanggo mbatesi kanthi ketat kuasané présidhèn kanthi netapaké jumlah rancangan undang-undang lan nalika Présidhèn Andrew Johnson nglirwakaké salah sijining peraturan iku kanthi mecat Mantri Perangé, pamriksaan pelanggaran dikenèkaké kanggo panjenengané lan panjenengané diadili déning senat Amérika Sarékat, nanging panjenengané dibébasaké saka tuduhan kanthi béda siji swara.^[11]

Nalika taun 1869 Présidhèn Andrew Johnson ninggal Gedung Putih lan bali ing praja Tennessee.^[12]

Ing taun 1875, enem taun sawisé ninggal Gedung Putih, Andrew Johnson bali ing Washington, D.C. minangka Senator. Panjenengané tilar donya pirang wulan salanjuté ing tanggal 31 Juli 1875 sawisé diserang lelara lumpuh. Panjenengané ninggal garwa siji, putra telu lan putri loro.^[13]

Uga delengen

	Gapura United States Army
	Gapura American Civil War
	Gapura Biography
	Gapura Tennessee

Pratélan Jenderal Perang Sipil Amérika
Pilihan umum Présidhèn Amérika Sarékat, 1864
Sajarah Amérika Sarékat
Tennessee Johnson
Pratélan Présidhèn Amérika Sarékat
Présidhèn Amérika Sarékat ing Perangko Amérika Sarékat

Bibliografi

Beale, Howard K., The Critical Year. A Study of Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction (1930). ISBN 0-8044-1085-2
Benedict, Michael Les, The Impeachment and Trial of Andrew Johnson (1999). ISBN 0-393-31982-2
Boulard, Garry, "The Swing Around the Circle—Andrew Johnson and the Train Ride that Destroyed a Presidency" (2008) ISBN 978-1-4401-0239-4
Castel, Albert E., The Presidency of Andrew Johnson (1979). ISBN 0-7006-0190-2
DeWitt, D. M., The Impeachment and Trial of Andrew Johnson (1903).
Du Bois, W. E. B. 'The Transubstantiation of a Poor White' in Black Reconstruction: An Essay Toward the History of the Part Which Black People Have Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy in America, 1860–1880 (1935). ISBN 0-527-25280-8.
Dunning, W. A., Essays on the Civil War and Reconstruction (New York, 1898)
Dunning, W. A., Reconstruction, Political and Economic (New York, 1907) online edition
Foster, G. Allen, Impeached: The President who almost lost his job (New York, 1964).
Gordon-Reed, Annette Andrew Johnson: The American Presidents Series: The 17th President, 1865-1869, ISBN 0-8050-6948-8.
- Gordon-Reed, Annette speaking on CSPAN Booktv Andrew Johnson
Kennedy, John F., "Profiles In Courage" (2006)
Hatfield, Mark O., with the Senate Historical Office, Vice Presidents of the United States, 1789–1993.(U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997), p. 219
Mantell, Martin E. Johnson, Grant, and the Politics of Reconstruction (1973)
McKitrick, Eric L., Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction (1961). ISBN 0-19-505707-4
Means;Howard, The Avenger Takes His Place: Andrew Johnson and the 45 Days That Changed the Nation (New York, 2006)
Milton; George Fort. The Age of Hate: Andrew Johnson and the Radicals (1930) online edition
Patton; James Welch. Unionism and Reconstruction in Tennessee, 1860–1869 (1934) online edition
Rhodes; James Ford History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850 to the McKinley-Bryan Campaign of 1896 Volume: 6. 1920. Pulitzer prize.
Schouler, James. History of the United States of America: Under the Constitution vol. 7. 1865–1877. The Reconstruction Period (1917)
Schweikart, Larry; Michael Allen (2004). A Patriot's History of the United States. Easton Press.
Sledge, James L. III. "Johnson, Andrew" in Encyclopedia of the American Civil War. edited by David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler. (2000)
Stewart, David, O. Impeached: the Trial of President Andrew Johnson and the Fight for Lincoln's Legacy (2009) Simon and Schuster, New York, NY. ISBN 978-1-4165-4749-5.
Stryker, Lloyd P., Andrew Johnson: A Study in Courage (1929). ISBN 0-403-01231-7 online edition
Trefousse, Hans L. (1989). Andrew Johnson: A Biography. Norton. ISBN 0-393-31742-0.
Winston; Robert W. Andrew Johnson: Plebeian and Patriot (1928) online edition

Sumber Primer

Ralph W. Haskins, LeRoy P. Graf, and Paul H. Bergeron et al., eds. The Papers of Andrew Johnson 16 volumes; University of Tennessee Press, (1967–2000). ISBN 1-57233-091-0. Includes all letters and speeches by Johnson, and many letters written to him. Complete to 1875.
Newspaper clippings, 1865–1869
Series of Harper's Weekly articles covering the impeachment controversy and trial
Johnson's obituary, from the New York Times

Cathetan sikil

↑ "American President: Andrew Johnson: Family Life". Miller Center of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia. Dibukak ing May 26, 2009.
↑ Milton, George Fort (1930). The Age of Hate: Andrew Johnson And The Radicals. New York: Coward-McCann. kc. 80. ISBN 1417916583. OCLC 739916. As for my religion, it is the doctrine of the Bible, as taught and practiced by Jesus Christ. {{cite book}}: More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (pitulung)
↑ http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/andrewjohnson
↑ Suhindriyo. 1999. Biografi Singkat Présidhèn-Présidhèn Amérika Sarékat. Yogyakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Nusatama, hal.61.
↑ http://www.answers.com/topic/andrew-johnson
↑ http://americanhistory.about.com/od/andrewjohnson/p/pajohnson.htm
↑ http://statelibrary.ncdcr.gov/nc/bio/public/johnson.htm
↑ http://www.biography.com/articles/Andrew-Johnson-9355722
↑ http://www.historycentral.com/bio/presidents/johnson.html
↑ http://andrewjohnsonbiography.com/
↑ http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/johnson
↑ http://people.famouswhy.com/andrew_johnson/
↑ http://www.who2.com/andrewjohnson.html

Pranala njaba

Weruhi luwih akèh bab Andrew Johnson ing proyèk saduluré Wikipédia
	Andharan saka Wikibausastra
	Médhia saka Commons
	Warta saka Wikinews
	Cuplikan saka Wikiquote
	Tèks saka Wikisource
	Buku tèks saka Wikibooks
	Matèri sinau saka Wikiversity

[1] "American President: Andrew Johnson: Family Life". Miller Center of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia. Dibukak ing May 26, 2009.

[2] Milton, George Fort (1930). The Age of Hate: Andrew Johnson And The Radicals. New York: Coward-McCann. kc. 80. ISBN 1417916583. OCLC 739916. As for my religion, it is the doctrine of the Bible, as taught and practiced by Jesus Christ. {{cite book}}: More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (pitulung)

[3] ttps://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/andrewjohnson

[4] Suhindriyo. 1999. Biografi Singkat Présidhèn-Présidhèn Amérika Sarékat. Yogyakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Nusatama, hal.61.

[5] ttps://www.answers.com/topic/andrew-johnson

[6] ttps://americanhistory.about.com/od/andrewjohnson/p/pajohnson.htm

[7] ttps://statelibrary.ncdcr.gov/nc/bio/public/johnson.htm

[8] ttps://www.biography.com/articles/Andrew-Johnson-9355722

[9] ttps://www.historycentral.com/bio/presidents/johnson.html

[10] ttps://andrewjohnsonbiography.com/

[11] ttps://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/johnson

[12] ttps://people.famouswhy.com/andrew_johnson/

[13] ttps://www.who2.com/andrewjohnson.html

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