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Günther Prien

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Günther Prien
Kapitänleutnant Prien di atas sebuah kapal perang, 1940
Nama samaranDer Stier von Scapa Flow
Kelahiran(1908-01-16)16 Januari 1908
Osterfeld, Provinsi Saxony, Prusia, Empayar Jerman
Meninggal dunia8 Mac 1941(1941-03-08) (umur 33)
U-47, Wilayah Laut Barat, luar pantai Ireland
Kesetiaan Jerman Nazi
PerkhidmatanBendera tentera laut Jerman Nazi Kriegsmarine
Tahun perkhidmatan1933–1941
Pangkat Korvettenkapitän
Jumlah perkhidmatanNSDAP #1,128,487
UnitFlotila U-boot Ke-7
ArahanU-47
Pertempuran
Pertempuran laut

Perang Saudara Sepanyol

Perang Dunia II

AnugerahKnight Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves

Günther Prien (16 Januari 1908 – mungkin 8 Mac 1941) adalah seorang komander U-boat Jerman semasa Perang Dunia II. Beliau merupakan komander U-boat pertama yang menerima pingat Knight Cross of the Iron Cross dan anggota pertama Kriegsmarine yang menerima darjah Daun Oak untuk pingat Knight Cross Jerman Nazi. Ia merupakan pingat ketenteraan tertinggi Jerman pada saat beliau menerimanya.[Note 1]

Dibawah pemerintahan Prien, kapal selam U-47 telah mendapat kepujian dengan menenggelamkan lebih 30 buah kapal Sekutu yang berjumlah 200,000 GRT, termasuk penenggelaman kapal tempur HMS Royal Oak British semasa berlabuh di pangkalan laut Armada Utama, Scapa Flow.

Ringkasan kerjaya

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Kapal-kapal yang diserang

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Menurut Busch dan Röll, Prien membuat 10 kali pelayaran perang dan menenggelamkan 30 buah kapal dagang yang berjumlah 162,769 GRT, sebuah kapal perang dengan berat sesaran 29,970 long ton (30,450 t), dan merosakkan 8 buah kapal dagang seberat 62,751 GRT dan sebuah kapal perang seberat 10,035 long ton (10,196 t).[2]

Anugerah kebesaran

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Tarikh kenaikkan pangkat

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1 Mac 1933: Fähnrich zur See (pegawai kadet rendah)[18]
1 Januari 1935: Oberfähnrich zur See (pegawai kadet kanan)[18]
1 April 1935: Leutnant zur See (pemangku leftenan muda)[18]
1 Januari 1937: Oberleutnant zur See (leftenan muda)[18]
1 Februari 1939: Kapitänleutnant (leftenan kepten/leftenan)[18]
18 Mac 1941: Korvettenkapitän (kepten korvet/leftenan komander), efektif pada 1 Mac 1941[24]

Nota penterjemahan

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Nota

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  1. ^ In 1940, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves was second only to the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross, which was awarded only to senior commanders for winning a major battle or campaign, in the military order of the Third Reich. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves as highest military order was surpassed on 28 September 1941 by the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords.[1]
  2. ^ Merchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement.

Rujukan

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Petikan

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  1. ^ Williamson & Bujeiro 2004, m/s. 3, 7.
  2. ^ Busch & Röll 2003, m/s. 20.
  3. ^ a b c Rohwer 1999, m/s. 1.
  4. ^ Rohwer 1999, m/s. 4.
  5. ^ a b Rohwer 1999, m/s. 7.
  6. ^ a b Rohwer 1999, m/s. 8.
  7. ^ Rohwer 1999, m/s. 16.
  8. ^ Rohwer 1999, m/s. 19.
  9. ^ Rohwer 1999, m/s. 20.
  10. ^ a b c d Rohwer 1999, m/s. 21.
  11. ^ a b Rohwer 1999, m/s. 22.
  12. ^ Rohwer 1999, m/s. 27.
  13. ^ a b c d Rohwer 1999, m/s. 28.
  14. ^ Rohwer 1999, m/s. 29.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g Rohwer 1999, m/s. 34.
  16. ^ a b Rohwer 1999, m/s. 37.
  17. ^ a b c d e f Rohwer 1999, m/s. 44.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h Busch & Röll 2003, m/s. 15.
  19. ^ a b Thomas 1998, m/s. 171.
  20. ^ a b Williamson & Bujeiro 2004, m/s. 23.
  21. ^ a b Scherzer 2007, m/s. 604.
  22. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, m/s. 344.
  23. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, m/s. 53.
  24. ^ Busch & Röll 2003, m/s. 16.

Bibliografi

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