git bisect determined that commit 7f430f142d caused T266496: Not possible to add new statements with any Math properties. Apparently, the Math datatype requires the JS parser which we stopped using in that commit; this task is find a proper fix for that.
The Score extension / Musical Notation datatype might also be affected, though that’s a bit unclear due to T257066: Extension:Score / Lilypond is disabled on all wikis.