Betula nana

Betula nana

Betula nana

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Fagales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids I Ordo: Fagales

Familia: Betulaceae
Subfamilia: Betuloideae
Genus: Betula
Subgenus: Betula subg. Betula
Sectio: Betula sect. Apterocaryon
Species: Betula nana

Name

Betula nana L., Sp. Pl. 2: 983 (1753).

• Protologue locality: "Habitat in Alpibus Lapponicis; paludibus Sueciae: Russiae."
• Lectotype (designated by Jonsell & Jarvis, Nordic J. Bot. 14: 153. 1994): Herb. Linn. No. 1109.9 (LINN).

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Alnus nana (L.) Clairv., Man. Herbor. Suisse: 280 (1811).
  • Chamaebetula nana (L.) Opiz, Lotos 5: 259 (1855).
  • Betula nana var. genuina Regel, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 101 (1861), nom. inval.
• Heterotypic
  • Betula nana var. macrophylla Gaudin, Fl. Helv. 6: 177 (1830).
  • Betula nana var. flabellifolia Hook., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 157 (1838).
  • Betula littelliana Tucker, Amer. J. Sci. Arts 45: 30 (1843).
  • Betula nana var. europaea Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 3: 653 (1850).
  • Chamaebetula acutifolia Opiz, Lotos 5: 259 (1855).
  • Betula nana var. borealis Regel, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 104 (1861).
  • Betula nana var. intermedia Regel, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 102 (1861), nom. illeg.
  • Betula nana subsp. relicta (Th.Fr. ex Gürke) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 673 (1881).
  • Betula glandulosa f. intermedia Kurtz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 405 (1894).
  • Betula nana f. magnifolia Hartz, Meddel. Grønland 18: 342 (1895).
  • Betula nana var. relicta Th.Fr. ex Gürke in K.Richter, Pl. Eur. 2: 50 (1897).
  • Betula crenata Rydb. ex E.J.Butler, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 429 (1909).
  • Betula naniformis Lindb. ex Kindb., Bot. Not. 1909: 120 (1909).
  • Betula viminea Kindb., Bot. Not. 1909: 120 (1909).
  • Betula viminea var. serrulata Kindb., Bot. Not. 1909: 120 (1909).
  • Betula nana var. reducta Hultén, Acta Univ. Lund., 2, 40(1): 581 (1944).
  • Betula tundrarum Perfil., Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 48: 1139 (1963).
  • Betula nana f. reducta (Hultén) B.Boivin, Naturaliste Canad. 94: 631 (1967).
  • Betula nana subsp. tundrarum (Perfil.) Á.Löve & D.Löve, Bot. Not. 128: 505 (1975 publ. 1976).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Europe Northern Europe Finland, Great Britain, Iceland, Norway, Svalbard, Sweden. Middle Europe Austria, Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic), Germany, Poland, Switzerland Southwestern Europe France Southeastern Europe Italy (extinct), Romania Eastern Europe Belarus, Baltic States (Estonia, Kaliningrad, Latvia, Lithuania), Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia. Asia-Temperate Siberia Altay, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Western Siberia. Northern America Subarctic America Greenland, Northwest Territories. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 983. Reference page. 
• Ashburner, K. & McAllister, H.A. 2013. The genus Betula: A taxonomic revision of birches (A Botanical Magazine Monograph). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 431 pp., ISBN 978-1-84246-141-9. Reference page. 
• Stritch, L., 2014. Betula nana. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014. IUCN Red List Category: (Least Concern). DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T194495A2341542.en. Reference page. 
• Wang. N., McAllister, H.A., Bartlett, P.R. & Buggs, R.J.A. 2016. Molecular phylogeny and genome size evolution of the genus Betula (Betulaceae). Annals of Botany 117(6): 1023–1035. DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw048 Reference page. 
• Jarvis, C.E. 2007. Order out of Chaos: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types. London: Linnean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum, ISBN 978-0-9506207-7-0, p. 349. Reference page. 
• Jonsell, B.E. & Jarvis, C.E. 1994. Lectotypifications of Linnaean names for Flora Nordica Vol. 1 (Lycopodiaceae–Papaveraceae). Nordic Journal of Botany 14(2): 145–164. DOI: 10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00581.x. Reference page. 
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Betula nana in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 February 13. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2019. Betula nana. Published online. Accessed: 13 February 2019.
• Tropicos.org 2019. Betula nana. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 13 February 2019.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Betula nana in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 2007-10-06.

Vernacular names

беларуская: Бяроза карлікавая
čeština: bříza zakrslá
dansk: Dværg-Birk
Deutsch: Strauch-Birke
eʋegbe: Madal kask
English: Dwarf Birch
eesti: Vaevakask
suomi: Vaivaiskoivu
français: Bouleau nain
hornjoserbsce: Madal kask
íslenska: Fjalldrapi
日本語: ヒメカンバ
kalaallisut: Avaalaqiaq
lietuvių: Beržas keružis
latviešu: Pundurbērzs
Nederlands: Dwergberk
norsk: Dvergbjørk
polski: brzoza niska
русский: Берёза карликовая
davvisámegiella: Skierri
svenska: Dvärgbjörk

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