Ficus citrifolia

Ficus citrifolia

Ficus citrifolia

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Rosales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids I Ordo: Rosales

Familia: Moraceae
Tribus: Ficeae
Genus: Ficus
Species: Ficus citrifolia

Name

Ficus citrifolia Mill., 1768

Synonyms

• Homotypic
  • Ficus catesbaei Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 635 (1840), nom. illeg.
• Heterotypic
  • Ficus botryapioides Kunth & C.D.Bouché in Index Seminum (B, Berolinensis) 1846: 15 (1847)
  • Ficus brevifolia Nutt. in N. Amer. Sylv. 2: 3 (1846)
  • Ficus caribaea Jacq. in Observ. Bot. 2: 30 (1767), nom. rej.
  • Ficus caucana Dugand in Caldasia 1(4): 34 (1942)
  • Ficus citrifolia subsp. brevifolia (Nutt.) A.E.Murray in Kalmia 13: 6 (1983)
  • Ficus citrifolia var. brevifolia (Nutt.) D'Arcy in Phytologia 25: 116 (1973)
  • Ficus eximia var. cubensis Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 297 (1867)
  • Ficus eximia f. paraguariensis Hassl. in Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 21: 125 (1919)
  • Ficus fontanesii Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 636 (1840)
  • Ficus foveata Pittier in Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat. 8: 258 (1943)
  • Ficus foveolata Pittier ex Tamayo in Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat. 7: 62 (1941), nom. illeg.
  • Ficus gentlei Lundell in Wrightia 2: 116 (1961)
  • Ficus gigantea Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 48 (1817)
  • Ficus guanarensis Pittier in Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat. 4(30): 71 (1937)
  • Ficus laevigata Vahl in Enum. Pl. 2: 183 (1805)
  • Ficus laevigata var. brevifolia (Nutt.) Rossberg in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 12: 583 (1935)
  • Ficus laevigata subvar. cerasicarpa (Warb.) Stehlé & Quentin in Fl. Guadeloupe 2(1): 180 (1937 publ. 1938)
  • Ficus laevigata subvar. crassipetiolata (Warb.) Stehlé & Quentin in Fl. Guadeloupe 2(1): 181 (1937 publ. 1938)
  • Ficus laevigata var. genuina Urb. in Symb. Antill. 4: 198 (1905)
  • Ficus laevigata var. hispaniolae (Warb.) Rossberg in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 12: 583 (1935)
  • Ficus laevigata var. lentiginosa (Vahl) Urb. in Symb. Antill. 4: 198 (1905)
  • Ficus laevigata subvar. obliquicuspis (Warb.) Urb. in Symb. Antill. 4: 198 (1905)
  • Ficus laevigata subvar. portoricensis (Urb.) Urb. in Symb. Antill. 4: 198 (1905)
  • Ficus laevigata subvar. reticulosa (Warb.) Stehlé & Quentin in Fl. Guadeloupe 2(1): 181 (1937 publ. 1938)
  • Ficus laevigata subvar. subcordata (Warb.) Urb. in Symb. Antill. 4: 198 (1905)
  • Ficus laevigata subvar. subcuspidata (Warb.) Stehlé & Quentin in Fl. Guadeloupe 2(1): 181 (1937 publ. 1938)
  • Ficus laevigata subvar. subdepressa (Warb.) Stehlé & Quentin in Fl. Guadeloupe 2(1): 180 (1937 publ. 1938)
  • Ficus laevigata subvar. subpyriformis (Warb.) Stehlé & Quentin in Fl. Guadeloupe 2(1): 180 (1937 publ. 1938)
  • Ficus lentiginosa Vahl in Enum. Pl. 2: 183 (1805)
  • Ficus lentiginosa var. imrayana Domin in Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 48 (1930)
  • Ficus lentiginosa var. subcuspidata (Warb.) Domin in Acta Bot. Bohem. 9: 47 (1930)
  • Ficus oblongata Link in Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 449 (1822)
  • Ficus pedunculata Aiton in Hort. Kew. 3: 450 (1789)
  • Ficus pedunculata var. acuta Nutt. in N. Amer. Sylv. 2: 2 (1846)
  • Ficus planicostata Kunth & C.D.Bouché in Index Seminum (B, Berolinensis) 1846: 16 (1847)
  • Ficus populnea Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 1141 (1806)
  • Ficus populnea var. bahamensis Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 473 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea f. botryapioides (Kunth & C.D.Bouché) Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 479 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea var. brevifolia (Nutt.) Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 473 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. cerasicarpa Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 477 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. crassipetiolata Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 478 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. cubana Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 473 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. diversifolia Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 478 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea f. eupopulnea Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 479 (1903), not validly publ.
  • Ficus populnea subvar. flavicosta Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 478 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. floridana Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 473 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea var. hispaniolae (Warb.) Urb. in Symb. Antill. 8: 168 (1920)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. hispaniolae Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 476 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea var. laevigata (Vahl) Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 474 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea var. lentiginosa Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 476 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. longipetiolata Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 478 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. obliquicuspis Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 477 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. pedunculata (Aiton) Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 475 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea f. planicostata (Kunth & C.D.Bouché) Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 479 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. portoricensis Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 474 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. reticulosa Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 477 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. sancti-crucis (Liebm.) Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 475 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. sancti-eustachii Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 475 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. sancti-joannis Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 475 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. subcordata Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 476 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. subcuspidata Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 478 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. subdepressa Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 477 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. subpyriformis Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 477 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. thomaea (Miq.) Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 474 (1903)
  • Ficus populnea subvar. typica Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 476 (1903), not validly publ.
  • Ficus populoides Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 479 (1903), non Knowlt. (1900), fossil name.
  • Ficus populoides var. dilatata Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 480 (1903)
  • Ficus populoides var. elongata Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 480 (1903)
  • Ficus populoides var. maculosa Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 480 (1903)
  • Ficus populoides f. syringifolia Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 480 (1903)
  • Ficus populoides f. umbrifera Warb. in I.Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 480 (1903)
  • Ficus portoricensis Urb. in Symb. Antill. 1: 472 (1900)
  • Ficus pyrifolia Desf. in Tabl. École Bot., ed. 3: 413 (1829), nom. illeg.
  • Ficus rubrinervis Link in Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 448 (1822)
  • Ficus ruiziana Standl. in Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 13(2): 307 (1937)
  • Ficus sancti-crucis (Liebm.) Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 299 (1867)
  • Ficus subandina Dugand in Caldasia 1(4): 66 (1942)
  • Ficus syringifolia Kunth & C.D.Bouché in Index Seminum (B, Berolinensis) 1846: 35 (1847)
  • Ficus thomaea Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 299 (1867)
  • Ficus turbinata Pittier in Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat. 4(30): 61 (1937), nom. illeg.
  • Oluntos laevigata (Vahl) Raf. in Sylva Tellur.: 58 (1838)
  • Urostigma botryapioides (Kunth & C.D.Bouché) Miq. in London J. Bot. 6: 538 (1847)
  • Urostigma giganteum (Kunth) Miq. in London J. Bot. 6: 530 (1847)
  • Urostigma laevigatum (Vahl) Miq. in London J. Bot. 6: 539 (1847)
  • Urostigma laurifolium Griseb. in Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 7: 194 (1857), nom. illeg.
  • Urostigma lentiginosum (Vahl) Liebm. in Mexic. Neldeagt. Pl.: 39 (1851)
  • Urostigma pedunculatum (Aiton) Miq. in London J. Bot. 6: 540 (1847)
  • Urostigma planicostatum (Kunth & C.D.Bouché) Miq. in London J. Bot. 6: 586 (1847)
  • Urostigma populneum (Willd.) Miq. in London J. Bot. 6: 537 (1847)
  • Urostigma sancti-crucis Liebm. in Mexic. Neldeagt. Pl.: 44 (1851)
  • Urostigma syringifolium (Kunth & C.D.Bouché) Miq. in London J. Bot. 6: 535 (1847)
  • Caprificus gigantea (Kunth) Gasp. in Ric. Caprifico: 80 (1845)

Homonyms

• Ficus citrifolia Lam. in Encycl. 2: 494 (1788), nom. illeg. vide Ficus maxima Mill.in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 6 (1768), nom. cons
• Ficus citrifolia Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 1137 (1806), nom. illeg. vide Ficus drupacea Thunb. in Ficus: 11 (1786)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental:Southern America Regional:Southern South America Argentina Northeast, Paraguay Regional:Caribbean Aruba, Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Cayman Is., Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Turks-Caicos Is., Windward Is. Regional:Western South America Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru Regional:Brazil Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central Regional:Northern South America Colombia, Venezuela Regional:Central America El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá Continental:Northern America Regional:Mexico Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest Regional:Southeastern USA Florida Introduced into: Trinidad-Tobago References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Miller, P. 1768. The Gardeners Dictionary: containing the best and newest methods of cultivating and improving the kitchen, fruit, flower garden, and nursery. Ed. 8, 3 volumes (without pagination), John & Francis Rivington, London. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.541 Reference page. : no. 10.

Additional references

• Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. 2012. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: I–XXV, 1–1192. DOI: 10.5479/si.0081024X.98.1 BHL Reference page. 
• Govaerts, R.H.A. 2001. World Checklist of Seed Plants. Database in ACCESS E-F: 1-50919 [unavailable to the public]. Reference page. 
• Villaseñor, J.L. 2016. Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559–902. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmb.2016.06.017 Online PDF Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2024. Ficus citrifolia in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2024 March 15. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2024. Ficus citrifolia. Published online. Accessed: March 15 2024.
• Hassler, M. 2024. Ficus citrifolia. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2024. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2024 March 15. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2024. Ficus citrifolia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 15 March 2024.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Ficus citrifolia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.

Vernacular names

English: wild banyantree

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