Onchocerciasis
| Onchocerciasis | |
|---|---|
| Tlhophiso le mehlaodi ya kantle | |
 | |
| ICD/CIM-10 | B73 B73 |
| ICD/CIM-9 | 125.3 125.3 |
| DiseasesDB | 9218 |
Onchocerciasis, e tsejwang hape ele river blindness le bolwetse ba Robles, ke bolwetse bo bakwang ke tshwaetso ya seboko sa senwamadi sa Onchocerca volvulus.[1] Matshwao a ho kula a kenyeleditse ho hlohlona ho mahlonoko, maqhutsu tlasa letlalo, le bofofu.[1] Ke sesosa sa bobedi se tlwaelehileng sa bofofu bo bakwang ke tshwaetso, kamora trachoma.[2]
Seboko sa senwamadi se atiswa ke ho longwa ke ntsintsi e ntsho ya mofuta wa Simulium.[1] Ka tlwaelo ho hlokahala hore e lome makgetlo a mangata pele tshwaetso e etsahala.[3] Dintsintsi tsena di phela haufi le dinoka, ke kahoo di rehilweng lebitso lena.[2] Hang ha di se di le mmeleng wa motho, diboko di bopa tshenyana e tswelang ka ntle ho letlalo.[1] Ebe di boela di tshwaetsa ntsintsi e ntsho e boelang e loma motho.[1] Ho na le ditsela tse ngata tsa ho hlahloba ho kula tse kenyeleditseng: ho kenya sekotwana sa letlalo se ilo hlahlobuwa ka hare ho mokedikedi wa metsi a letswai o tlwaelehileng mme ho shejwe ha tshenyane e tswa sekotwaneng sa letlalo, ho sheba tshenyane ka hare ho leihlo, ho sheba ka hare ho maqhutsu a tlasa letlalo bakeng sa diboko tse hodileng.[4]
Kentelo kgahlanong le bolwetse ha e so be teng.[1] Thibelo ke ka ho qoba ho longwa ke dintsintsi.[5] Hona ho ka kenyeletsa tshebediso ya sephokadikokonyana le ho apara ka tshwanelo.[5] Mawala a mang a kenyeletsa ho fokotswa ha sehlopha sa dintsintsi ka ho fafatsa dibolayadikokonyana.[1] Mawala a ho fedisa bolwetse ka ho alafa dihlopha tsohle tsa batho habedi ka selemo e tswela pele ka ho se kgaotse dibakeng tse mmalwa tsa lefatshe.[1] Kalafo ya ba tshwaeditsweng e etswa ka moriana wa ivermectin dikgweding tse ding le tse ding tse tsheletseng ho isa ho tse leshome le metso e mmedi.[1][6] Kalafo ena e bolaya tshenyana empa e seng seboko se hodileng.[7] Moriana wa doxycycline, o bolayang baktheria e amanang le mara a arotseng disele a bitswang Wolbachia, o bonahala o fokodisa diboko mme o kgothaletswa ke dingaka tse ding.[7] Ho tloswa ha maqhutsu a tlasa letlalo ka oporeishene ho kanna ha etswa.[6]
Batho ba ka bang dimilione tse 17 ho isa ho tse 25 ba na le tshwaetso ya river blindness, le kakanyo ya 0.8 ya milione e kannang ya lahlehelwa ke pono.[3][7] Boholo ba ditshwaetso di etsahala dinaheng tsa Afrika tse ka tlase ho lehwatata la Sahara, leha ditlaleho di ile tsa etswa naheng ya Yemen le dibakeng tse seng kae tsa Amerika Bohareng le Amerika Borwa.[1] Ka 1915, ngaka Rodolfo Robles o ile a amanya seboko pele le bolwetse ba mahlo.[8] E lethathameng la Mokgatlo wa Lefatshe wa Bophelo bo Botle jwaloka bolwetse ba ditropikeng bo sa tsotellweng.[9]
Ditshupu
[fetola | fetola mohloli]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 "Onchocerciasis Fact sheet N°374". World Health Organization. March 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness)". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Parasites – Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Epidemiology & Risk Factors". CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Diagnosis". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Prevention & Control". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Murray, Patrick (2013). Medical microbiology (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. p. 792. ISBN 9780323086929.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Brunette, Gary W. (2011). CDC Health Information for International Travel 2012 : The Yellow Book. Oxford University Press. p. 258. ISBN 9780199830367.
- ↑ Lok, James B.; Walker, Edward D.; Scoles, Glen A. (2004). "9. Filariasis". In Eldridge, Bruce F.; Edman, John D.; Edman, J. Medical entomology (Revised ed.). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. p. 301. ISBN 9781402017940.
- ↑ Reddy M, Gill SS, Kalkar SR, Wu W, Anderson PJ, Rochon PA (October 2007). "Oral drug therapy for multiple neglected tropical diseases: a systematic review". JAMA 298 (16): 1911–24. PMID 17954542. doi:10.1001/jama.298.16.1911.