ホスホフルクトキナーゼ2とは? わかりやすく解説

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ホスホフルクトキナーゼ2

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2023/01/13 21:19 UTC 版)

ホスホフルクトキナーゼ2(phosphofructokinase 2、6-ホスホフルクト-2-キナーゼ(6-phosphofructo-2-kinase)、略称: PFK-2)またはフルクトースビスホスファターゼ2(fructose bisphosphatase 2、フルクトース-2,6-ビスホスファターゼ(fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase)略称: FBPase-2)は、細胞内の解糖系糖新生の割合の調節を間接的に担う酵素である。この酵素は、フルクトース-6-リン酸からのフルクトース-2,6-ビスリン酸(Fru-2,6-P2)の形成と分解を触媒する。Fru-2,6-P2は解糖系経路のホスホフルクトキナーゼ1英語版(PFK-1)を活性化して解糖系の律速段階に寄与し、また糖新生経路のフルクトース-1,6-ビスホスファターゼ1を阻害する[1]。Fru-2,6-P2は解糖系と糖新生に対して異なる調節を行うため、これら逆方向の経路の切り替えにおける重要なシグナルとして作用する[1]。PFK-2はホルモンシグナルに応答してFru-2,6-P2を産生するため、代謝は生体の解糖系の需要と協調した形で、より敏感かつ効率的に制御されるようになる[2]。この酵素はフルクトースマンノースの代謝に関与する。この酵素は肝臓での炭水化物代謝の調節に重要であり、肝臓、腎臓心臓に最も多く存在する。哺乳類では、いくつかの遺伝子が異なるアイソザイムをコードしており、それぞれ組織分布と酵素の特性が異なる[3]。ここに記載されている酵素ファミリーはATP駆動型のホスホフルクトキナーゼとの類似点が存在し、両者は配列類似性はとんどないものの、フルクトース-6-リン酸との相互作用に重要ないくつかの残基は共通しているようである[4]


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