Imvimba

*Kiełbasa Biala* (isoseji omhlophe), *szynkowa* (ngibhema), *Slaska* futhi *podhalańska* izitayela (Poland)

Imvimba noma Isoseji wuhlobo lomkhiqizo wenyama ovame ukwenziwa ngenyama egayiwe, ngokuvamile eyengulube, yenkomo, noma yenkukhu, kanye nosawoti, izinongo nokunye ukunambitheka. Ezinye izithako ezifana nezinhlamvu noma imvuthuluka yesinkwa zingase zifakwe njengama-fillers noma izandiso.

Igama elithi imvimba lingabhekisela enyameni exekethile, engakhiwa ibe ama-patties noma igxishwe esikhumbeni. Uma ubizwa ngokuthi "imvimba," umkhiqizo uvame ukuba yisigonqolozi futhi umbozwe esikhumbeni nona ulwelwesini.

Imvamisa, imvimba yakhiwa ku- casing imvama elenziwe kusuka emathunjini kodwa kwesinye isikhathi ngezinto zokwenziwa. Izimvimba zithengiswa ziluhlaza ngoba ziphekwa ngezindlela eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuthosa epanini, ukuqhosa kanye nokosa. Ezinye izimvimba ziphekwa ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa futhi i-casing ingase isuswe.

Ukwenza imvimba kuyindlela evamile yokugcina ukudla . Izimvimba zingase zilondolozwe ngokuphulukisa, ukomiswa (ngokuvamile ngokuhambisana nokuvutshelwa noma ukukhuliswa, okungaba nomthelela ekulondolozweni), ukubhema, noma ukuqhwa. Ezinye izimvimba ezelashiwe noma ezibhenyiwe zangagcinwa ngaphandle kwesiqandisi. Izimvimba eziningi ezintsha kufanele zibe sesiqandisini noma ziqandiswe zize ziphekwe. Izimvimba zenziwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zikazwelonke nezesifunda, ezihluka ngezinhlobo zenyama esetshenziswayo, izithako zokunambitheka noma izinongo (ugalikhi, upelepele, iwayini, njll.), kanye nendlela yokulungiselela.

igama

Igama elithi isoseji laqala ukusetshenziswa esiNgisini phakathi nekhulu le-15, i-spelled sawsyge.Leli gama livela ku-Old North French saussiche (i-Modern French saucisse ). Igama lesiFulentshi lavela ku-Vulgar Latin salsica ("isoseji"), lisuka ku- salsicus ("eyoliswe ngosawoti").

Umlando

Ipuleti lesoseji lesiJalimane: I-Jagdwurst, isoso sesibindi, isoso legazi, i- Westphalian ham

Ukwenziwa kwamasoseji kuwumphumela wokudla okunempilo.Ngokwesiko, abenzi bamasoseji babefaka usawoti izicubu nezitho ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezinsalela, inyama yesitho, igazi, namafutha ukuze basize ukuzigcina. Babe sebewahlohla emabhodleleni amashubhu enziwe ngamathumbu ahlanziwe esilwane, akhiqiza umumo oyisilinda. Ngakho, amasoseji, uphudingi, namasalami aphakathi kokudla okudala kakhulu okuphekiwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuphekwe futhi kudliwe ngokushesha noma omisiwe ngamazinga ahlukahlukene.

Ithebhulethi ye-cuneiform yesi-Akkadian irekhoda isidlo esinezimbotshana zamathumbu ezigcwele uhlobo oluthile lwenyama yokuphoqa.

Kuchazwe uhlobo lwesiShayina lwesoseji, i- lup cheong ( pinyin kusukela Northern futhi amakhosi Southern ( 589 BC – 420 BC ), abenziwe imbuzi nemvu inyama ngosawoti, futhi enongiwe onion eluhlaza, emabhontjisi sauce, ginger, kanye pepper. Uhlobo yesimanje ye Lup Cheong has a eside elithe ukuphila eshalofini, ikakhulu ngenxa wokuqukethwe lelisetulu lactobacilli ; iphakeme kangangokuthi abaningi bayibheka njengomuncu.

Imbongi engumGreki uHomer yakhuluma ngohlobo lwamasoseji egazi e- Odyssey, u- Epicharmus wabhala ihlaya elinesihloko esithi The Sausage, kanti umdlalo ka- Aristophanes othi The Knights ukhuluma ngomthengisi wamasoseji oqokwe njengomholi. Ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi amasoseji ayesevele ethandwa phakathi kwamaGreki namaRoma asendulo futhi ngokunokwenzeka nezizwe ezihlukahlukene ezazihlala engxenyeni enkulu yeYurophu.

Isoseji elidume kakhulu e-Italy yasendulo lalivela eLucania (i- Basilicata yesimanje) futhi lalibizwa ngokuthi lucanica, igama elihlala ezinhlobonhlobo zamasoseji anamuhla eMedithera.Phakathi nokubusa kombusi waseRoma uNero, amasoseji ayehlotshaniswa nomkhosi weLupercalia. ^[1] Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-10 phakathi noMbuso WaseByzantium, uLeo VI the Wise wakunqabela ukukhiqizwa kwamasoseji egazi ngemva kokungenwa ushevu ekudleni.

Amabhokisi

Ngokwesiko, ama-sausage casings ayenziwa ngamathumbu ahlanziwe, noma izisu esimweni se- haggis kanye namanye ama-puddings endabuko. Kodwa-ke, namuhla, ama-casings emvelo avame ukushintshwa yi- collagen, i- cellulose, noma ngisho nama-plastic casings, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka amasoseji akhiqizwa yizimboni. Ezinye izinhlobo zesoseji, njengesoseji elisikiwe, zilungiswa ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Ukwengeza, inyama yesidlo sasemini nesoseji manje isiyatholakala ngaphandle kwamabhokisi emathini nezimbiza .

Izithako

Isoseji liqukethe inyama enqunywe ibe yizicucu noma inhlabathi, exutshwe nezinye izithako, bese igcwaliswa ku-casing. Izithako zingase zifake isigcwalisi sesitashi esishibhile njengemvuthuluka yesinkwa noma okusanhlamvu, isinongo nezinongo ezifana nezinongo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi nokunye okufana ne-apula neliki.Inyama ingase ibe eyanoma yisiphi isilwane kodwa ngokuvamile ingulube, yenkomo noma yenkonyane, noma yenkukhu. Isilinganiso senyama ukuya kumafutha ethambile sincike kwisitayela nomkhiqizi. Inyama njengoba ibhaliwe ingase idlule ku-100%, okwenzeka lapho isisindo senyama sidlula isisindo esiphelele sesoseji ngemva kokwenziwa, ngezinye izikhathi kufaka phakathi inqubo yokomisa okunciphisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi.

Izigaba

Ukuhlukaniswa kwamasoseji kungaphansi kokuhlukana kwemibono yesifunda.Kusetshenziswa amamethrikhi ahlukahlukene njengezinhlobo zezithako, ukungaguquguquki, nokulungiselela.Esikhathini abakhuluma isiNgisi, umahluko elandelayo phakathi fresh, ephekiwe, ayi ezomile ibonakala wamukela ucishe:

Amasoseji aphekiwe enziwa ngenyama entsha bese ephekwa ngokugcwele. Zidliwa ngokushesha ngemva kokupheka noma kufanele zifakwe esiqandisini. Izibonelo zifaka ama- hot dog, i- Braunschweiger, namasoseji esibindi . Amasoseji enyama nokusanhlamvu afana ne-goetta, i- scrapple, ne- kishka nawo angamasoseji aphekiwe.
Amasoseji aphekiwe aphekiwe ayaphekwa bese ayabhenywa noma aphekwe . Zidliwa zishisa noma zibanda kodwa zidinga ukufakwa efrijini. Izibonelo zifaka i- kielbasa ne- mortadella . Amanye aphekwa kancane ngenkathi ebhema, lapho inqubo ithatha izinsuku ezimbalwa noma ngaphezulu, njengekesi le-Gyulai kolbász .
Amasoseji amasha enziwa ngenyama engakaze ilapheke ngaphambili. Kufanele zifakwe efrijini futhi ziphekwe kahle ngaphambi kokuba zidliwe. Izibonelo zifaka i- Boerewors, isoseji yengulube yase-Italy, siskonmakkara, namasoseji asekuseni .
Amasoseji amasha ashunqiwe amasoseji amasha abhenywayo futhi alapheka. Ngokuvamile azidingi isiqandisi futhi azidingi ukupheka okwengeziwe ngaphambi kokudla. Izibonelo zibandakanya Mettwurst futhi Teewurst okuyizinto inyama amalungiselelo phama bezinhlamvu isoseji kodwa kukhanywe yaso (njenganoma yimuphi nje omunye ukusabalala kusuka tube).
Amasoseji omile amasoseji alashiwe abilisiwe futhi omisiwe. Ezinye ziyabhenywa nasekuqaleni kwenqubo yokomisa. Ngokuvamile zidliwa zibandayo futhi zizohlala isikhathi eside. Izibonelo zifaka i- salami, i- Droë wors, i-Finnish meetvursti, i- Sucuk, i- Landjäger (ebhenyiwe), i- Slim Jims, namasoseji ehlobo .
Amasoseji amaningi, noma ngezinye izikhathi inyama yesoseji noma isoseji elingenasikhumba, lisho inyama eluhlaza, egayiwe, efakwe izinongo, ngokuvamile ethengiswa ngaphandle kwebhokisi.
I-sausage yemifino yenziwa ngaphandle kwenyama, isibonelo, ngokusekelwe kuphrotheni ye- soya noma i-tofu, ngamakhambi nezinongo. Amanye amasoseji emifino awawona ngempela ama- vegan futhi angase aqukathe izithako ezifana namaqanda .

Afrika

ENyakatho Afrika

I-Merguez isoseji elibomvu, elibabayo elivela e-Morocco, e-Algeria, e-Tunisia nase-Libya, eNyakatho Afrika. Ibuye idume eFrance, kwa-Israel, nasesifundeni saseJalimane iSaarland, lapho ivamise ukuwoswa ku- Schwenker . I-Merguez yenziwe ngewundlu, inyama yenkomo, noma ingxube yakho kokubili. Ingavuzwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinongo, njenge-sumac ye-tartness, kanye ne-paprika, upelepele we-cayenne, noma i- harissa, unamathisele we-chili oshisayo owunikeza umbala obomvu. Igxiliswa egodini lewundlu, esikhundleni sebhokisi lengulube. Ngokwesiko yenziwa isha futhi idliwe yosiwe noma ne-couscous. I-merguez eyomisiwe elangeni isetshenziselwa ukwengeza ukunambitheka kumathegi. Ibuye idliwe kumasemishi.

Iningizimu Afrika

ENingizimu Afrika, amasoseji endabuko aziwa ngokuthi ama- boerewors, noma amasoseji abalimi. Izithako zifaka igeyimu nenyama yenkomo, ngokuvamile exutshwa nengulube noma yewundlu kanye nephesenti eliphezulu lamafutha. I-Coriander neviniga yizithako ezimbili ezivame kakhulu zesinongo, nakuba kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi. Imvelo ephansi yenyama kanye nokuvunguza okude okuqhubekayo kwesoseji yizimfanelo zayo ezimbili ezibonakalayo. I-Boerewors ivame ukuphekwa nge- braai (i- barbecue ).

I-Droë wors isoseji elingaphekiwe elifana nama-boerewors enziwe ngenqubo yokomisa efana ne- biltong . Okuhlukile kwasendaweni kwe- hot dog i-Wors roll, noma i-boerewors roll. Leli bhani le-hot dog elinocezu lwe-boerewors, eliphakwa notamatisi no-anyanisi okumnandi okubizwa ngokuthi i-seshebo. I-Seshebo ingafaka upelepele, i-atchaar noma ukhari, kuye ngendawo engaphakathi kwezwe.

E-Asia

I-Brunei

Belutak is the traditional Bruneian beef sausage. It is made with minced beef and tallow, marinated with garlic, salt, chillies and spices, and stuffed into cow's or buffalo's small intestines.^[2] It is then fermented through dehydration.^[2] Belutak is a common side dish alongside ambuyat.^[3]

China

Isitayela saseYurophu esibhemayo i-hóng cháng ( simplified Chinese red sausage ) ikhiqizwa eHarbin, idolobha elikhulu elisenyakatho kakhulu neChina.Ifana namasoseji ase-Lithuanian nase-Polish ahlanganisa i- kiełbasa ne- podhalańska futhi ijwayele ukuba ne-flavour yaseYurophu kunamanye amasoseji aseShayina. Lolu hlobo lwamasoseji lwaqala ukukhiqizwa efektri yaseRussia ebizwa ngokuthi iChurin sausage factory ngo-1909. Isoseji lesitayela se-Harbin selidumile e-China, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezisenyakatho. ^[4]

I-Lap cheong (futhi i-lap chong, i-lap chung, i-lop chong) amasoseji engulube omisiwe abukeka futhi azizwe njenge-pepperoni kodwa amnandi kakhulu. Eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeChina, amasoseji anongwe ngosawoti, upelepele obomvu nopelepele wasendle. Abantu bavame ukwelapha amasoseji ngokubhema nokomisa umoya.

Japan

Nakuba iJapane ingaziwa ngokwesiko ngenyama yenkomo, ingulube, inyamazane, noma ngisho namasoseji egazi, amaJapane ayaludla ugodo olusekelwe enhlanzini olubizwa ngokuthi kamaboko, olungase lubhekwe njengohlobo lwamasoseji. I-Kamaboko yenziwe ngenhlanzi egayiwe ebizwa ngokuthi i- surimi . Ivamise ukulolongwa ibe yizinyanga eziwuhhafu phezu kwepulanga elincane lokhuni kanye nengaphandle elidayiwe elibomvana. Uma ikamaboko isisikwa izingcezu ibonakala inoqweqwe oluphinki ngendlela engaqondakali ezungeze ingaphakathi elimhlophe. Ivame ukusikwa ibe yizicucu ezincane futhi yengezwe esobho, amasaladi, i- bento, nezinye izitsha eziningi njengendlela yokuhlobisa. Eminyakeni yakamuva, i-kamaboko nayo ingene emakethe njengokudla okulula. Ngokufanayo ne- Slim Jim, ushizi, amasoseji, nezinti ze-kamaboko ezinephunga lenhlanzi zingatholakala ezitolo ezilula kulo lonke elase-Japan.

Korea

I-Sundae, uhlobo lwesoseji yegazi, isoseji lendabuko laseKorea. Ukudla okudumile kwasemgwaqweni, i-sundae ivamise ukulungiselelwa ngokushisisa noma ukubilisa amathumbu enkomo noma engulube afakwe izithako ezihlukahlukene.Ukwehluka okuvame kakhulu kwakhiwe igazi lengulube, i- cellophane noodle, isanqante esisikiwe kanye nebhali okugxishwe emathunjini engulube, kodwa okunye ukuhlukahluka kwesifunda kuhlanganisa i- squid noma i- Alaska pollock casings. I-Sundae idliwa nje ngosawoti, isitshulu, noma njengengxenye yokuthosa.

Philippines

Thailand

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamasoseji ezaziwa yi- Thai cuisine, ezinye zazo eziyisipesheli sesifunda esithile saseThailand . Kusuka enyakatho yeThailand kufika i- sai ua, isoseji lengulube egayiwe elinongwe nge- curry namakhambi amasha. Elinye isoseji elosiwe libizwa ngokuthi i- sai krok Isan, isoseji elibilile elinokunambitheka okumuncu okuhlukile okuvela enyakatho-mpumalanga yeThailand (isifunda esaziwa nangokuthi i- Isan ). Womabili amasoseji avame ukudliwa nerayisi elinamathelayo, imifino emisha, kanye ne- nam phrik entsha (i-Thai chilli paste) noma upelepele wamehlo wenyoni eluhlaza . Angase futhi anikezwe kanye nesaladi eqabulayo yase-Thai njenge- som tum ( isaladi lepapaya eliluhlaza ).

Vietnam

I-Eurasia

ithekhi

ETurkey, isoseji yaziwa ngokuthi i- sosis, eyenziwe ngenyama yenkomo. Sucuk (tsudjuck evelele noma sujuk ne njengabantu ku ilunga lokugcina) uhlobo isoseji eyenziwe Turkey kanye nomakhelwane lamazwe aseBalkan. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-sucuk, kodwa ngokuvamile zenziwe ngenyama yenkomo. Ivutshiwe, inongwe (ngogaliki kanye nopelepele) bese igcwaliswa egodini elingadliwayo elidinga ukuxetshulwa ngaphambi kokudliwa. I-sucuk ebhenywa kancane ibhekwa njengephakeme. Ukunambitheka kuyababa, kunosawoti futhi kuluhlaza kancane, kufana ne-pepperoni. Ezinye izinhlobo zishisa kakhulu futhi/noma zinamafutha. Ezinye zixutshwe ne-turkey, inyama yenyathi yamanzi, amafutha ezimvu noma inkukhu. Kukhona izitsha eziningi ezenziwe nge-sucuk, kodwa i-sucuk eyosiwe isalokhu idume kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezomisiwe zentuthu zidliwa ziluhlaza kumasemishi. I-loop yamathumbu i-sucuk eyodwa. I-sucuk ebhenyiwe ngokuvamile iqondile.

EYurophu

IBrithani ne-Ireland

eMexico

Isoseji elivame kakhulu laseMexico yi- chorizo . Isha futhi ivamise ukujula ngombala obomvu (eningini le-Latin America, i-chorizo ayinambala futhi iqoshwe ngamaqhafu). Enye i-chorizo ixega kangangokuthi iphuma emgodini wayo ngokushesha nje lapho isikwa; le chorizo echotshoziwe iwukugcwalisa okudumile kwamasemishi e-torta, amaqanda, ama-burritos asekuseni nama- tacos . I-Salchichas, i- longaniza (isoseji yengulube ende, ezacile, efakwe izinongo kancane, eqoshwe emahhadlaweni), i- moronga (uhlobo lwe-blood pudding) kanye noshizi wekhanda nakho kudliwa kakhulu.

El Salvador

E-El Salvador, ama-chorizos avame kakhulu, futhi lawo avela edolobheni laseCojutepeque aziwa kakhulu lapho. Izixhumanisi, ikakhulukazi zalezo ezivela e-Cojutepeque, zihlukaniswa namakhoba ommbila aboshwe ngamafindo (bheka isithombe). Njengama-chorizos amaningi eLatin America, athengiswa eluhlaza futhi kufanele aphekwe.

Okunye ukuhluka

Izinguqulo ze-Vegetarian

Amasoseji emifino kanye ne- vegan ayatholakala kwamanye amazwe, noma angenziwa kusukela ekuqaleni ekhaya.Lokhu kungenziwa kusuka ku- tofu, seitan, amantongomane, amapulses, mycoprotein, soya protein, imifino nanoma iyiphi inhlanganisela yezithako ezifanayo ezizobambana ngesikhathi sokupheka.Lamasoseji, njengemikhiqizo eminingi eshintsha inyama, ngokuvamile awela ezigabeni ezimbili: amanye anokwakheka, anombala, anongwe, futhi anongwe ukuze aphindaphinde ukunambitheka nokuthungwa kwenyama ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka; amanye anjengamasoseji e- Glamorgan athembele kuzinongo nemifino ukuze abolekise ukunambitheka kwawo kwemvelo emkhiqizweni futhi akukho mzamo owenziwayo wokulingisa inyam.Nakuba ingeyona imifino, isoseji lesoya lasungulwa ngo-1916 eJalimane. Okokuqala eyaziwa ngokuthi u- Kölner Wurst ("Isoseji lase-Cologne") nguShansela waseJalimane kamuva u- Konrad Adenauer (1876-1967).

Igalari

Salami, isoseji elilashiwe
Amasoseji emifino anobhontshisi obhakiwe kuthosti
Isoseji le-chorizo elisikiwe
Ama-sausage rolls amabili epuleti
Amasoseji ngemuva kokuthosa
Isangweji lesoseji elineqanda nesoso
Amasoseji aluhlaza
Amanye amasoseji ayawosa
I-Yam mu yo, isaladi yesoseji yaseThailand
Isoseji ne-alloco (ubhanana we-plantain), Abidjan (Ivory Coast)
Isoseji ye-salmon

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