uNotshezi
uNotshezi, noma uMarzi (uphawu: .svg){kind=small}
) ngumzulane wesine ozungezohlelweni lweLanga futhi ongowesibili ngobuncane, ngoba mkhulu kunoNomjubane kuphela. Igama elithi UNotshezi livela kwelithi 'umtshezi' elisho into ebonakala ibomvana, njengoba nawo lomzulane obonakala ubomvana emehlweni. UNotshezi ungumzulane oyizwe (terrestrial) futhi unomoyambulunga olubunda (1% ngaphansi kokaNomkhubulwane), futhi unegobohla ngokuyinhloko elakhiwa izinhlwa ezifanayo nezegobohla likaNomkhubulwane, kanye nomnyombo owakhiwa insimbi nenimbi. UNotshezi unolwangu lobuso olufana nezigqabhozi zokugadlazeka, izigodi, amagquma, nezombozo zeqhwa emachopheni. Unezinyanga ezimbili ezincane nezibumbeke kabi: uMunge noZimvalo.
Olunye lolwangu oluphawuleka kakhulu ebusweni bukaNotshezi luhilela iNtaba yeqhwa (Olympus Mons), okuyintshaba enkulu nentaba ephakeme eyaziwayo kunoma imuphi umzulane esimisweni sikanozungezilanga, kanye nesiGodi solwandle (Valles Marineris), okungesinye semigwila (canyons) emikhulu esimisweni sikanozungezilanga. IsiZiba Senyakatho (Borealis basin) esikuNjikalanga nyakatho simboza ngokwenanifuphi indawo engama-40 ekhulwini yomzulane futhi kungenzeka siwulwangu lokugadlazeka. Izinsuku nezinkathi zonyaka kuNotshezi ziyaqhathaniseka nezikaNomkhubulwane, njengoba lemizulane inenkathi efanayo yokundiyaza kanye nokutsheka kwamachopho okundiyaza ayisimelana esimakhophelana. Amanzi awuketshezi ebusweni bukaNotshezi awanakutholakala ngenxa yomfutho yomoyambulunga ophansi, ophansi ngomuvo ekhulwini kunomfutho womoyambulunga kaNomkhubulwane. Zombili izimbozo zeqhwa emachopheni kaNotshezi zibonakala zakhiwa amanzi. Endulo elinguna, uNotshezi kungenzeka wayemanzana, futhi kanjalo ekulungele ukuba nempilo. Kodwa, akwaziwa ukuthi impilo yake yaba khona kuNotshezi.
UNotshezi useke wahlwaywa izindizamkhathi ezingenabashayeli ezimbalwa, ukusungula nge-Mariner 4 ngowe-1965. Isinyatheli (lander) sakwa-NASA i-Viking 1 safufukisa ngowe-1976 izithombe zokuqala zobuso bukaNotsezi. Amazwe amabili sewakwazile ukuthumela izinzinga (rovers) kuNotshezi, iMelika yakwenza okokuqala nge-Sojourner ngowe-1997 kanye neShayina nge-Zhurong ngowezi-2021. Kukhona namanye amahambo ahlelelwe ngomuso wokuya kuNotshezi, efana nohambo lokuyothatha izangulo oluzokwenzeka ngowezi-2026, futhi isinzingi esibizwa Rosalind Franklin, esasihloselwe ukunyakula ngowezi-2018 kodwa salibaziselwa owezi-2024, kungenzeka sinyakule ngowezi-2028.
UNotshezi angabukwa ngeso lenyama, kanjalo nombala wawo obomvana. Lobu bumomo, ngenxa yokwanda kwentuhla yensimbi ebusweni bawo, buholele ekutheni uNotshezi abizwe ngomzulane omtshezi noma ubomvu, okuvela igama Notshezi kubo. Ungenye yezinto ezigqame kakhulu esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku.