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Encyclopedia Astronautica Index: H
H-1 - Japanese license-built version of Delta launch vehicle, with Japanese-developed upper stages. Three stage vesion with nine solid propellant booster motors. Status: Retired 1992. First Launch: 1986-08-12. Last Launch: 1992-02-11. Number: 9 . Gross mass: 142,260 kg (313,620 lb). Payload: 3,200 kg (7,000 lb). Thrust: 2,131.80 kN (479,248 lbf).
H-1 (2) - Japanese license-built version of Delta launch vehicle, with Japanese-developed upper stages. Three stage version consisting of 9 x Castor 2 + 1 x ELT Thor N + 1 x LE-5 Gross mass: 142,000 kg (313,000 lb). Thrust: 2,130.00 kN (478,840 lbf).
H-1 6-3 - Japanese license-built version of Delta launch vehicle, with Japanese-developed upper stages. Three stage vesion with six solid propellant booster motors. First Launch: 1989-09-05. Last Launch: 1989-09-05. Number: 1 .
H-1 6R - Japanese license-built version of Delta launch vehicle, with Japanese-developed upper stages. Four stage version consisting of 6 x Castor 2 + 1 x ELT Thor N + 1 x LE-5 + 1 x UM129A Gross mass: 145,000 kg (319,000 lb). Thrust: 1,350.00 kN (303,490 lbf).
H-1 9-2 - Japanese license-built version of Delta launch vehicle, with Japanese-developed upper stages. Two stage vesion with nine solid propellant booster motors. First Launch: 1986-08-12. Last Launch: 1992-02-11. Number: 7 .
H-1 engine - Rocketdyne LOx/Kerosene rocket engine. Saturn l/lB. Designed for booster applications. Gas generator, pump-fed. First flight 1961. Surplus Saturn motors adapted for use in Delta launch vehicle. Date: 1958. Number: 80 . Unfuelled mass: 635 kg (1,399 lb). Thrust: 947.70 kN (213,051 lbf). More at: Lox/Kerosene
H-10 - Alternate designation for Ariane 4-3 H10plus.
H-10 - Alternate designation for Ariane 2-3 H10 rocket stage.
H-1-0 - Alternate name for Castor 2.
H-10+ - Alternate designation for Ariane 4-3 H10plus rocket stage.
H-10-3 - Alternate designation for Ariane 4-3 H10-3 rocket stage.
H-1-1 - LOx/Kerosene propellant rocket stage. License built MB-3 ELT Thor. Status: Retired 1992. Gross mass: 85,800 kg (189,100 lb). Unfuelled mass: 4,400 kg (9,700 lb). Thrust: 866.71 kN (194,844 lbf). More at: Lox/Kerosene
H-1-3 - Nissan solid rocket engine. Used on H-1 launch vehicle. First flight 1986. Status: Retired 1992. Number: 9 . Thrust: 77.00 kN (17,310 lbf). More at: Solid
H1500 - Notional LOx/Solid hybrid rocket engine. Design 1988. Used on Industrial Launch Vehicle launch vehicle. Status: Design 1988. Thrust: 931.30 kN (209,365 lbf). More at: Lox/Solid
H155 - Alternate designation for Ariane 5-1 H155 rocket stage.
H173 - Alternate designation for Ariane 5-1 EPC rocket stage.
H-18 - Alternate designation for CZ H-18.
H-18 - Alternate designation for CZ H-18 stage rocket stage.
H-1b - Rocketdyne LOx/Kerosene rocket engine. First flight 1966. Number: 72 . Unfuelled mass: 988 kg (2,178 lb). Thrust: 1,030.20 kN (231,598 lbf). More at: Lox/Kerosene
H-1c - Rocketdyne LOx/Kerosene rocket engine. Study Saturn IB-A, Saturn IB-B, 1965. Status: Study 1965. Thrust: 1,130.00 kN (254,030 lbf). More at: Lox/Kerosene
H2 - Heavy lift Japanese indigenous launch vehicle. The original H-2 version was cancelled due to high costs and poor reliability and replaced by the substantially redesigned H-2A.
3 stage vehicle consisted of 2 x H-II SRB + 1 x H-II stage 1 + 1 x H-II stage 2 Gross mass: 260,000 kg (570,000 lb). Payload: 10,060 kg (22,170 lb). Thrust: 405,000.00 kN (91,047,000 lbf).
H-2 - Japanese orbital launch vehicle variant. Original version. First Launch: 1994-02-03. Last Launch: 1998-02-21. Number: 9 .
H-2 - Alternate name of H2.
H-2 - Alternate designation for H-II.
H-2 HIMES - Alternate designation for H-II HIMES.
H-2 HTOHL - The H-2 horizontal takeoff / horizontal landing two-stage reusable space shuttle was proposed by Institute 601 of the Air Ministry in 1988. The first stage would used air breathing engines to accelerate the rocket-powered second stage to release velocity. This ambitious design would leapfrog China ahead of other spacefaring nations, but would be available no earlier than 2015. It was decided the concept was beyond Chinese technical capability, and it was not pursued further. Status: Design 1988. Gross mass: 330,000 kg (720,000 lb). Payload: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Thrust: 2,400.00 kN (539,500 lbf).
H-2 Transfer Vehicle - Alternate designation for HTV space tug.
H-2/J-1-1 - Nissan solid rocket engine. In Production. Used in J-1-1. Status: In Production. Gross mass: 71,100 kg (156,700 lb). Unfuelled mass: 11,900 kg (26,200 lb). Thrust: 1,556.60 kN (349,938 lbf). More at: Solid
H-2-0 - Nissan solid rocket engine. Used as strap-on booster on H-2, first stage on J-1. First flight 1994. Solid propellant rocket stage. Shorter monolithic motor using filament-wound case technology from Thiokol. Version for J-1 has 1,000 kg less propellant and 1,200 kg less empty mass than later H-2 SRB. J-1 first stage. Status: In production. Number: 15 . Gross mass: 70,400 kg (155,200 lb). Unfuelled mass: 11,250 kg (24,800 lb). Thrust: 1,540.00 kN (346,200 lbf). More at: Solid
H-2-1 - LOx/LH2 propellant rocket stage. . Status: Retired 1999. Gross mass: 98,100 kg (216,200 lb). Unfuelled mass: 11,900 kg (26,200 lb). Thrust: 1,078.00 kN (242,343 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
H-2A - Alternate designation for H-IIA.
H-2A 212 - Alternate designation for H-IIA 212.
H-2A LRB - LOx/LH2 propellant rocket stage. Two-engine version of H-2A-1 used as strap-on booster. Status: In production. Gross mass: 117,000 kg (257,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 17,800 kg (39,200 lb). Thrust: 2,196.00 kN (493,680 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
H-2A SRB-A - Alternate name for SRB-A.
H-2A SSB - Alternate name for Castor 4AXL H-2A.
H-2A-1 - LOx/LH2 propellant rocket stage. Lower cost version of H-2 first stage. Can be throttled to 72% thrust. Status: In production. Gross mass: 113,600 kg (250,400 lb). Unfuelled mass: 13,600 kg (29,900 lb). Thrust: 1,098.00 kN (246,840 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
H2B - Alternate designation for H-IIB.
H2O2 - Hydrogen peroxide is used as both an oxidizer and a monopropellant. Relatively high density and non-toxic, it was abandoned after early use in British rockets, but revived as a propellant for the Black Horse spaceplane in the 1990's and USAF spaceplane concepts in the 21st Century.
H2O2/CxHy - H2O2/CxHy propellant. Glushko developed a series of engines between 1965 and 1975 burning hydrogen peroxide and an unspecified hydrocarbon fuel dubbed CxHy (perhaps 'Sintin'). No flight engines resulted.
H2O2/Hydrazine - H2O2/Hydrazine propellant. Hydrogen peroxide and hydrazine would have represented a storable propellant combination with higher density than the usual nitric acid or N2O4 and hydrazine. However no engines were ever developed using this combination.
H2O2/Hydyne - H2O2/Hydyne propellant. Hydrogen peroxide and Hydyne would have represented a storable propellant combination with higher density than the usual nitric acid or N2O4 and hydrazine. Hydyne was a propellant blend of 60% UDMH and 40% diethyltrianine (DETA). It was pushed rather vigorously by the Redstone arsenal in the late 1950's, but found little application.
H2O2/Kerosene - H2O2/Kerosene propellant. Hydrogen peroxide was used as an oxidizer with kerosene in the 1950's in British rockets. In combination with kerosene it represented a relatively high density propellant combination. Unlike other storable propellant combinations, it was non-toxic. However care was needed in storing and handling hydrogen peroxide, since it could react with trace elements. It was abandoned by the end of the 1960's with the cancellation of the British rocket programs. It was revived in the 1990's as a proposed propellant for the Black Horse spaceplane, and later other USAF proposed spaceplanes.
H2O2/Pentaborane - H2O2/Pentaborane propellant. Hydrogen peroxide in combination with pentaborane was studied or developed by the Russians in 1965-1975 as a propellant. Although potentially high performance and high density, it did not find application in any production engines. Both hydrogen peroxide and pentaborane were 'bad actors' - reacting explosively with minor impurities in the propellant systems.
H2O2/Solid - H2O2/Solid propellant. Hydrogen peroxide was proposed as the oxidizer in a hybrid rocket combination. No production engines resulted; safer nitrous oxide became the preferred oxidizer for such rockets.
H2O2/UDMH - H2O2/UDMH propellant. Hydrogen peroxide is used as both an oxidizer and a monopropellant. Relatively high density and non-toxic, it was abandoned after early use in British rockets. It was proposed for use with Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine, the storable liquid fuel of choice by the mid-1950's. Having no advantage over the usual oxidizer used with UDMH, N2O4, it did not find application in any production engines.
H-2S - Japanese orbital launch vehicle variant. First Launch: 1999-11-15. Last Launch: 1999-11-15. Number: 1 .
H-2-SSB - Japanese orbital launch vehicle variant. First Launch: 1995-03-18. Last Launch: 1995-03-18. Number: 2 .
H-8 - Alternate designation for CZ-YF-73 rocket stage.
Haagen, Eugen - German expert in biological warfare during World War II.
Haas, Martin - German expert in rocket and aircraft equipment during World War II. Later worked in France at LRBA in the drafting group of the target acquisition department from 1947-1952.
Haase, Heinz - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the Soviet Union thereafter. Graduate engineer who worked on rocket engine development in Glushko's design bureau from 1947 to 1952. Worked as Deputy in charge of the Oxygen Plant. Born: 1910-01-08.
Hab - ISS habitation module built by Boeing for NASA. Gross mass: 14,515 kg (32,000 lb).
Haber, Heinz - German expert in aero-medicine during World War II, including experiments on Dachau concentration camp inmates. Lectured briefly in Heidelberg after the war, then worked at the US Air Force School of Aviation Medicine, where he pioneered research into space medicine. A popularizer of the idea of manned spaceflight in American in the 1950's. Returned to Germany and became a television presenter of popular science programs in Germany from the 1960's. Born: 1913-05-15. Died: 1990-02-13.
Habermann, Helmut - German engineer. Member of German Rocket Team in France after WW2. Born: 1917-03-09. Died: 2009-12-30.
Habib, Munir - Syrian pilot cosmonaut, 1985-1987. Graduated from Military Pilot School, Aleppo, 1973 Pilot and Lieutenant Colonel, Syrian Air Force. Resumed military service. Status: Inactive; Active 1985-1987. Born: 1953-09-03.
Habot - American manned lunar rover. Study 2000. The Habot (Habitat Robot) modules would land on six articulated legs, which also provided the locomotion. These walking modules could operate autonomously or in a teleoperation mode. Status: Study 2000. Gross mass: 10,000 kg (22,000 lb).
Hackh, Rudolf - German engineer. Member of German Rocket Team in France after WW2. Born: 1900-08-24. Died: 1950-09-12.
HAD - Australian test vehicle. The HAD vehicle was, like HAT, a two stage rocket, based on British Gosling and LAPStar motors. First launched in 1961, it had two test flights before becoming operational. Status: Retired 1969. First Launch: 1961-04-24. Last Launch: 1969-12-09. Number: 68 . Gross mass: 300 kg (660 lb). Thrust: 130.00 kN (29,220 lbf).
HAD-2 - Alternate name for LAPSTAR-52.
HADC - Alternate name for Holloman.
Hades - French short range ballistic missile. Single stage vehicle Status: Retired 1992. First Launch: 1988-11-22. Last Launch: 1992-01-01. Number: 3 . Gross mass: 1,845 kg (4,067 lb).
Hades-1 - Alternate name for Acheron.
Hadfield, Chris Austin - Canadian test pilot mission specialist astronaut 1992-2013. Flight record: 3 spaceflights, 165.7 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-74 (1995), STS-100, Soyuz TMA-07M.. Status: Inactive; Active 1992-2013. Born: 1959-08-19. Spaceflights: 3 . Total time in space: 165.68 days.
HAEC - Australian two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Demon + 1 x HAEC FFAR. Status: Retired 1966. First Launch: 1964-01-01. Last Launch: 1966-01-01. Number: 6 .
Haeussermann, Walter - German-American engineer. Worked on V-2 gyro platform at Peenemuende 1939-1942. Returned to von Braun's team in US in 1948, working on Hermes II and Redstone guidance systems, becoming Director, Guidance and Control Division, at Huntsville. Born: 1914-03-02. Died: 2010-12-08.
HAFO - American pressure suit, operational 1977. High Altitude Flying Outfit. Prototype developmental full pressure suit with integrated thermal/pressure/chemical defense/immersion and anti-G protection, ILC Dover. Status: operational 1977.
Hage, George H - American engineer. At Boeing from 1947-1968, on Bomarc, Minuteman, and reconnaissance satellites. 1968-1969 NASA Deputy Director of the Apollo program. Returned to Boeing, then from 1973 President, Aerojet. Born: 1925-10-07. Died: 2008-07-03.
Hagen, John P - American astronomer. At NRL from 1935. Director, Vanguard program, 1955-1962. Thereafter professor of astronomy, Penn State. Born: 1908-07-31. Died: 1990-08-26.
Hager, Karl Franz - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1903-03-25. Died: 2005-01-01.
Hagoromo - Alternate name of Muses A Lunar Orbiter (Hagoromo).
Hagoromo - Japanese lunar orbiter. Lunar orbiter ejected from Muses A 3/19/90; contact lost after release; engineering test. Lunar Orbit (Selenocentric). Status: Operational 1990. First Launch: 1990-01-24. Last Launch: 1990-01-24. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 12 kg (26 lb).
Hague, Tyler Nicholas 'Nick' - American pilot astronaut 2013-on. Status: Active 2013-on. Born: 1975-09-25.
Hahn AB - MGM-13A Mace operating base.
HAHST - Alternate name of Firebolt AQM-81A.
Haig, Thomas O - American engineer and meteorologist, developed Moby Dick balloon, ground control stations for early USAF reconnaissance satellites, the first weather satellites, the Thor-Burner booster. Later worked on MOL and first global weather monitoring system. Born: 1921.
Haignere, Claudie - French biologist cosmonaut 1985-2002. Biologist, first French female astronaut. Was married to astronaut Jean-Pierre Haignere. Flight record: 2 spaceflights, 25.6 days in space. Flew to orbit on Soyuz TM-24 (1996), Soyuz TM-33.. Status: Inactive; Active 1985-2002. Born: 1957-05-13. Spaceflights: 2 . Total time in space: 25.60 days.
Haignere, Jean-Pierre - French test pilot cosmonaut 1985-2003. Was married to astronaut Claudie Andre-Deshays. Flight record: 2 spaceflights, 209.5 days in space. Flew to orbit on Soyuz TM-17 (1993), Soyuz TM-29.. Status: Inactive; Active 1985-2003. Born: 1948-05-19. Spaceflights: 2 . Total time in space: 209.52 days.
Haikou - Sounding rocket launch location for rockets reaching 120 - 300 km altitude. Construction began in 1986 and the site was inaugurated in 1988. The site includes a single launch pad, a buried control bunker, tracking radars and payload processing buildings. After known use in 1988-1991, it was used again for military launches from 2017. First Launch: 1988-12-19. Last Launch: 2013-04-04. Number: 7 .
Hainan - Chinese launch site for sounding rocket launches; not related to Wenchang orbital launch site on Hainan Island.
Hairballs - Alternate name of NASA-13 astronaut group, 1990.
Haise, Fred Wallace Jr 'Pecky' - American pilot astronaut 1966-1979. Survived first emergency beyond low earth orbit. Altitude (401,056 km) record. Flight record: 1 spaceflight, 6.0 days in space. Flew to orbit on Apollo 13 (1970).. Status: Inactive; Active 1966-1979. Born: 1933-11-14. Spaceflights: 1 . Total time in space: 5.95 days.
Haiyang - The HY-1 (Haiyang-1) marine observation satellite separated shortly after the FY-1D. The 360 kg HY-1 was based on the SJ-5 bus and carried an IR radiometer and CCD imager for oceanographic studies. Used the CAST968 bus.
Hakucho - Alternate name of Corsa A, B (Hakucho).
HAL - Indian manufacturer of rocket engines and rockets. HAL, India.
HAL5 - Huntsville, Alabama L5 Society
HALCA - Alternate name of Muses B (HALCA, VSOP, Haruka).
HALCA - Alternate designation for Haruka radio astronomy satellite.
HALE - American drone missile. High-Altitude - Long- Endurance, Condor UAV.
Halik, Nikos 'Nik' - Australian tourist cosmonaut 2007-2008. Millionaire businessman who was the back-up to Richard Garriott for the space tourist seat on Soyuz TMA-13. Status: Inactive; Active 2007-2008. Born: 1971-05-14.
Hall Beach - FOX-MAIN DEW site. Sounding rocket launch location known to have been used for 7 launches in 1971, reaching up to 270 kilometers altitude.
Hall Electric Thruster - TsNIIMash / Rocketdyne electric/xenon rocket engine. Development. Satellite orbit raising and station-keeping applications. Electric, pressure-fed. Variable 80 mN - 3.0 N thrust, specific impulse 1600 to 3500 seconds. Status: Development. Date: 1999. Thrust: 3.00 N (0.60 lbf). More at: Electric/Xenon
HALO - American hybrid rocket balloon-launched sounding rocket developed by the Huntsville Alabama L5 Society. On 11 May 1997 they achieved a record altitude for a balloon-launched rocket. Status: Retired 1997. First Launch: 1997-05-11. Last Launch: 1997-05-11. Number: 1 .
HaloSat - Astronomy, X-ray satellite built by University of Iowa (prime); Blue Canyon Technologies (bus) for University of Iowa, USA. Cubesat 6U bus. Gross mass: 6.00 kg (13.20 lb).
Halpern, Irwin P - American Soviet specialist, director of NASA's Policy Analysis Staff in the mid 1960s; previously worked at the Central Intelligence Agency on Soviet and Chinese political-military affairs and doctrine.
Halsell, James Donald Jr - American test pilot astronaut 1990-2006. Flight record: 5 spaceflights, 52.4 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-65 (1994), STS-74, STS-83, STS-94, STS-101.. Status: Inactive; Active 1990-2006. Born: 1956-09-29. Spaceflights: 5 . Total time in space: 52.44 days.
Ham, Kenneth Todd - American test pilot astronaut 1998-2012. Flight record: 2 spaceflights, 25.5 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-124 (2008), STS-132.. Status: Inactive; Active 1998-2012. Born: 1964-12-12. Spaceflights: 2 . Total time in space: 25.53 days.
Hama-Aleppo - Alternate name for Minakh.
Hamburg, Friedrich - German expert in rocket development during World War II. Stayed in Germany after the war.
Hamel, Michael Anthony - American engineer military spaceflight engineer astronaut, 1979-1985. Status: Inactive; Active 1979-1985. Born: 1950-12-24.
Hammaguira - The constellation of launch complexes and nuclear weapons test sites established by France in Algeria began with the Special Weapons Test Center (CIEES). This began operations at Colomb-Bechar, Algeria, on April 24, 1947. Development of the larger Veronique series required a new facility. This went into operation at Hammaguir, 120 km southwest of Colomb-Bechar, in May 1952. The evacuation of these launch sites was a condition of the final agreement signed in March 1962 that ended the Algerian Civil War. The sites continued in use until finally turned over to the Algerian government on 1 July 1967. French missile test activities moved to Biscarosse, in France, and orbital launches to Kourou, in French Guiana. First Launch: 1952-05-20. Last Launch: 1967-04-04. Number: 275 .
Hammock, Christina Marie - American pilot astronaut 2013-on. Status: Active 2013-on. Born: 1979-02-02.
Hammond, Lloyd Blaine Jr - American test pilot astronaut 1984-1998. Flight record: 2 spaceflights, 19.3 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-39 (1991), STS-64.. Status: Inactive; Active 1984-1998. Born: 1952-01-16. Spaceflights: 2 . Total time in space: 19.26 days.
Hampstead - Located one mile west of Topsail Beach First Launch: 1997-05-11. Last Launch: 1997-05-11. Number: 1 .
Hampton - American manufacturer. Hampton, USA.
HAMSAT - Communication (Amateur) satellite built by AMSAT-INDIA, ISRO for AMSAT-INDIA, India. Launched 2005. First Launch: 2005-05-05. Last Launch: 2005-05-05. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 46 kg (101 lb).
Hanes, Horace A - American test pilot. Grew up in Bellflower, Indiana. Flew the X-1B. Status: Deceased. Died: 2002-12-03.
Hanford Defense Area - Nike air defense area, consisting of several Nike missile batteries to defend urban, industrial, and military targets from Soviet bomber attacks.
Hangtian DongFangHong Weixing YG - Alternate name for DFH.
Han-guk Hanggong Uju Yeon-guwon (Korea Aerospace Research Inst) - Alternate name for KARI.
Hansen, Grant Lewis - American engineer, aerospace manager who played key roles in development of the Thor and Centaur rockets. Born: 1921-11-05. Died: 2008-10-08.
Hansen, Jeremy Roger - Canadian pilot mission specialist astronaut, 2009-on. Status: Active 2009-on. Born: 1976-01-27.
HAO - Abbreviation for High Altitude Observatory
HAPPE - Abbreviation or acronym for High Altitude Particle Program Experiment
HAPS - American pressure suit, operational 1977. High Altitude Protective System (HAPS). Hybrid get-me-down system assembled for NASA Dryden Flight Research Center test pilots. Status: operational 1977.
Harbaugh, Gregory Jordan - American engineer mission specialist astronaut 1987-2001. Flight record: 4 spaceflights, 34.1 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-39 (1991), STS-54, STS-71, STS-82.. Status: Inactive; Active 1987-2001. Born: 1956-04-15. Spaceflights: 4 . Total time in space: 34.08 days.
Harbin - Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China. Chinese manufacturer of spacecraft.
Harbin range - Military testing range. In use from 1967 to present. First Launch: 1968-12-18. Last Launch: 1974-06-26. Number: 3 .
HARC - American manufacturer of spacecraft. HARC, USA.
Harer, Richard James - American test pilot. Flew the X-1B. Lost both feet in the crash of an F-94 on 22 December 1954. Status: Inactive. Born: 1924.
HARM AGM-88 - Raytheon (Texas Instruments) air-to-surface missile.
HARM AGM-88A - American anti-radar missile. High velocity anti-radiation missile. Status: Operational 1983. Gross mass: 351 kg (773 lb). Payload: 66 kg (145 lb).
HARM AGM-88B - American anti-radar missile. High velocity anti-radiation missile. Gross mass: 363 kg (800 lb). Payload: 66 kg (145 lb).
HARM AGM-88C - American anti-radar missile.
Harmony - Alternate name of Node 2, 3 (Harmony, Tranquility).
HARP - Canadian agency. High Altitude Research Project, Canada.
HARP 5-1 - Canadian earth atmosphere probe. Launched from 1960. The HARP 5-1 gun probe was a dart-shaped, sub-caliber vehicle with a major diameter of 66 mm, a length of 116 cm and a flight weight of 10.4 kg. Status: Operational 1960. First Launch: 1965-02-02. Last Launch: 2008-04-10. Number: 124 . Gross mass: 10 kg (23 lb). Payload: 0.90 kg (1.98 lb).
HARP 5-3 - Canadian earth atmosphere satellite. Study 1960. The HARP 5-3 probe was developed during HARP to reduce the complexity of the 5 inch vehicles and in particular the nose eject system used by the HARP 5-1 probe. Status: Study 1960. Gross mass: 10 kg (23 lb). Payload: 0.90 kg (1.98 lb).
HARP 7-1 - Canadian earth atmosphere suborbital probe. Flights from 1961. The original HARP 7-1 gun probe was fundamentally a scaled up version of the 5-1 gun probe and was used for similar payloads. Status: Operational 1961. First Launch: 1968-04-12. Last Launch: 1969-07-25. Number: 15 . Gross mass: 27 kg (60 lb).
HARP 7-2 - Canadian earth atmosphere probe. Study 1961. The Harp 7-2 vehicle was an optimized version of the 7-1 vehicle. The 7-2 had a body diameter of 76 mm a length of 1410 mm a flight weight of 18.2 kg and a payload volume of 2048 cc. Status: Study 1961. Gross mass: 18 kg (40 lb).
HARP Gun - Guncotton propellant rocket stage. The HARP gun, a converted 16 inch naval gun, was used during the 1960's to launch the Martlet series of rocket-launched space probes. Status: Development ended 1966. Gross mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Unfuelled mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb). Payload: 1,300 kg (2,800 lb). Thrust: 127,000.00 kN (28,550,000 lbf). More at: Guncotton
HARP satellite - Earth observation, technology satellite built by Department of Physics, University of Maryland (prime); Space Dynamics Laboratory (bus) for Department of Physics, University of Maryland. Cubesat 3U).
HARP-1 - Solid propellant rocket stage. Status: Retired 1966. Gross mass: 100 kg (220 lb). More at: Solid
Harpon - French anti-tank missile. Status: Operational 1975. Gross mass: 30 kg (67 lb).
Harpoon AGM-84 - Boeing (McDonnell Douglas) sub-launched missile. Gross mass: 649 kg (1,430 lb). Thrust: 6,600.00 kN (1,483,700 lbf).
Harpoon AGM-84A - American anti-ship missile. Air launched anti-ship version. Gross mass: 521 kg (1,148 lb). Payload: 226 kg (498 lb).
Harpoon AGM-84B - American short range cruise missile. Air launched version.
Harpoon AGM-84E - American short range cruise missile. Standoff air launched land attack missile. Gross mass: 628 kg (1,384 lb). Payload: 226 kg (498 lb).
Harpoon AGM-84H - American short range cruise missile. Improved SLAM, penetrating warhead, longer range, auto. target recognition. Gross mass: 680 kg (1,490 lb).
Harpoon RGM-84A-1 - American short range cruise missile. Ship-launched version.
Harpoon UGM-84C - American short range cruise missile. Sub-launched version. Gross mass: 694 kg (1,530 lb).
Harpoon UGM-84D - American short range cruise missile. Sub-launched version.
Harpoon XBQM-84A - American short range cruise missile. Cancelled 1984. USN project. Land-based vertical launch modification of Harpoon. Status: Operational 1981. Gross mass: 230 kg (500 lb). Thrust: 2.94 kN (661 lbf).
Harr, Karl G - American manager, served in senior US government policy boards in the late 1950's. President of the Aerospace Industries Association 1963-1988 Born: 1922-08-03. Died: 2002-03-05.
Harras - German Officer. Staff officer with the Flak Research Section of the Luftwaffe.
Harris, Bernard Anthony Jr - American physician mission specialist astronaut 1990-1996. First African-American to walk in space. Flight record: 2 spaceflights, 18.3 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-55 (1993), STS-63.. Status: Inactive; Active 1990-1996. Born: 1956-06-26. Spaceflights: 2 . Total time in space: 18.26 days.
Harris, Robert D - American engineer, leading Aerojet rocket engine designer; finished career as Vice President of Strategic and Space Propulsion Aerojet vice president in 1999. Retired to northern California.
Harrison, John - American engineer. Manager of Test Operations for the Atlas-Centaur and Titan 3E-Centaur. Born: 1919-02-06. Died: 2015-09-19.
Hart, Jane Briggs - American pilot, one of the Mercury 13 female astronauts proposed in 1961, but never entered training. Status: Deceased. Born: 1921-10-21. Died: 2015-06-05.
Hart, Terry Jonathan 'TJ' - American engineer mission specialist astronaut 1978-1984. Flight record: 1 spaceflight, 7.0 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-41C (1984).. Status: Inactive; Active 1978-1984. Born: 1946-10-27. Spaceflights: 1 . Total time in space: 6.99 days.
Hartford Defense Area - Nike air defense area, consisting of several Nike missile batteries to defend urban, industrial, and military targets from Soviet bomber attacks.
Hartsfield, Henry Warren Jr 'Hank' - American test pilot astronaut 1966-1988. Flight record: 3 spaceflights, 20.1 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-4 (1982), STS-41D, STS-61A.. Status: Deceased; Active 1966-1988. Born: 1933-11-21. Died: 2014-07-17. Spaceflights: 3 . Total time in space: 20.12 days.
Hartshorn, Carl Lawrence 'Larry' - American engineer. Chief of Design for Plant Engineering for the Atlas Born: 1921-03-05. Died: 2000-09-18.
Haruka - Alternate name of Muses B (HALCA, VSOP, Haruka).
Haruka - Japanese radio astronomy satellite. The Muses B satellite was renamed 'Haruka', meaning 'Far-away', after launch. It formed the space segment of the VLBI Space Observatory Program. Status: Operational 1997. First Launch: 1997-02-12. Last Launch: 1997-02-12. Number: 1 .
Haskell, George - British physicist. at ESA 1972-1992. 1972-1987 in ESA's space science planning office; 1987-1992, liaison officer for scientific use of the space station. Born: 1940.
HAT - Australian test vehicle. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x HAT + 1 x LAPSTAR. Status: Retired 1972. First Launch: 1960-01-01. Last Launch: 1972-10-11. Number: 9 . Gross mass: 500 kg (1,100 lb).
HAT-1 - Alternate name for Demon.
Hatf 1 - Alternate designation for Hatf I.
Hatf 2 - Alternate designation for Hatf II.
Hatf 3 - Alternate designation for Ghaznavi.
Hatf 4 - Alternate designation for Shaheen 1.
Hatf 5 - Alternate designation for Ghauri.
Hatf 5 - Alternate designation for Shaheen 2.
Hatf 6 - Alternate designation for Shaheen 3.
Hatf I - Alternate designation for Stromboli.
Hatf I - Pakistani single-stage solid propellant tactical ballistic missile Developed by the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) based on French Stromboli engine technology. The unguided IA version went into service in 1992; the improved, inertially guided IB version in 2001. Status: Active. First Launch: 1989-02-01. Last Launch: 2000-02-01. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Payload: 500 kg (1,100 lb).
Hatf II - Pakistani single-stage solid propellant tactical ballistic missile. Indigenous Pakistani design, developed by the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO). Status: Active. First Launch: 1989-02-01. Last Launch: 2007-03-03. Number: 5 . Gross mass: 2,100 kg (4,600 lb). Payload: 500 kg (1,100 lb).
Hatry, Julius - German Test pilot. Technical designer and piloted one of the first German rocket planes. Born: 1906.
HATV - American orbital launch vehicle. Significant Navy program begun in 1946 to develop a single-stage-to-orbit satellite launch vehicle. The Air Force blocked Navy efforts to develop it on a joint basis, while at the same time having no interest in the project itself. Work was abandoned at the end of 1948. Status: Cancelled 1948.
Hauck, Frederick Hamilton 'Rick' - American test pilot astronaut 1978-1989. Flew 114 combat missions in Vietnam. Flight record: 3 spaceflights, 18.1 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-7 (1983), STS-51A, STS-26.. Status: Inactive; Active 1978-1989. Born: 1941-04-11. Spaceflights: 3 . Total time in space: 18.13 days.
Haug - German engineer, member of the Rocket Team in France after WW2. Secondary school teacher, made responsible for translation and interface with the French engineers of the German rocket technicians working at LRBA in France after WW2.
Haukohl, Guenther - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1913-03-27. Died: 2002-12-09.
HAUSAT 1 - Technology satellite for Hankuk Aviation University, South Korea. Launched 2006. Cubesat 1U bus. First Launch: 2006-07-26. Last Launch: 2006-07-26. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb).
HAUSAT 2 - Technology satellite for Hankuk Aviation University, South Korea. Gross mass: 25 kg (55 lb).
HAVE DASH II - American stealthy long-range air-to-air missile.
Have Lite - American drone missile. 'Have Lite', lighter version of AGM-142 Popeye, later Project 'Have Nap' Gross mass: 1,115 kg (2,458 lb). Payload: 350 kg (770 lb).
Have Nap AGM-142 - Rafael/Lockheed Martin air-to-surface missile. Derived from Rafael Popeye. In production for US Air Force, others.. Gross mass: 1,360 kg (2,990 lb).
HAVELSAT - Technology, atmospheric science satellite for HAVELSAT A.S., Istanbul Technical University, Turkey. Launched 2017. Cubesat 2U bus. First Launch: 2017-04-18. Last Launch: 2017-04-18. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 2.00 kg (4.40 lb).
HawaiiSat 1 - Alternate name of HiakaSat (HawaiiSat 1).
Hawk - American surface-to-air missile. The Hawk was the first mobile medium-range guided anti-aircraft missile deployed by the U.S. Army, and was the oldest SAM system still in use by U.S. armed forces in the late 1990s. Surplus Hawk motors, dubbed Orion, formed the basis for many sounding rockets and test vehicles. Status: Active.
Hawk - Alternate designation for MIM-23A.
Hawk Rockoon - American sounding rocket. Balloon-launched Loki with larger fins for stability at high altitudes. The larger Loki II motor was used from 5 August 1957 as part of the IGY. This variant could reach 122 km and was called the 'Hawk Rockoon'. Gross mass: 16 kg (35 lb). Payload: 3.00 kg (6.60 lb). Thrust: 10.00 kN (2,248 lbf).
Hawker Siddeley - British manufacturer of rockets and spacecraft. Hawker Siddeley, UK.
Hawker Siddeley Dynamics - First name of Hawker Siddeley.
Hawker Siddeley Waverider-1960 - British manned spaceplane. Study 1960. An ambitious Blue Streak / Waverider design study was conducted by Hawker Siddeley Aviation in the 1960's. The project was led by Peter A E Stewart, Astronautics Section, Advanced Projects Group. Status: Study 1960.
Hawker Siddeley Waverider-1971 - British manned spaceplane. Study 1971. The Hawker Siddeley Waverider study of 1971 laid out a space vehicle with a waveriding airbreathing hypersonic first stage, and a rocket propelled, lifting body second stage. Status: Study 1971.
Hawker, John Edward 'Hawk' - American photo interpreter payload specialist astronaut, 1988-1991. Chief Warrant Officer CW3, US-Army; graduated from Rotary Wing Flight School; in 1988 selected for TERRA SCOUT - US Army Project; retired from US Army in 1994. Status: Inactive; Active 1988-1994. Born: 1954-11-12.
Hawkeye - American solar satellite. Explorer 52. Solar wind experiments. Follow-on to Injun. Status: Operational 1974. First Launch: 1974-06-03. Last Launch: 1974-06-03. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 27 kg (59 lb).
HawkEye Pathfinder 1, 2, 3 - Traffic monitoring satellite built by Deep Space Industries; UTIAS Space Flight Laboratory (SFL) (bus); GOMSpace (payload) for HawkEye 360, USA. Used Nemo-V1 bus.
Hawksat 1 - Technology satellite built by Hawk Institute for Space Science; Pumpkin, Inc. (bus) for Hawk Institute for Space Sciences (HISS), USA. Launched 2009. Cubesat 1U bus. First Launch: 2009-05-19. Last Launch: 2009-05-19. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb).
Hawley, Steven Alan - American astronomer mission specialist astronaut 1978-2008. Was married to astronaut Sally Ride. Flight record: 5 spaceflights, 32.1 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-41D (1984), STS-61C, STS-31, STS-82, STS-93.. Status: Inactive; Active 1978-2008. Born: 1951-12-12. Spaceflights: 5 . Total time in space: 32.11 days.
Hayabusa - Alternate name of Muses C (Hayabusa).
Hayabusa - Japanese asteroid probe which recovered a sample from the surface of asteroid (25143 Itokawa/1998 SF36) and returned it to earth. Built by NEC for JAXA, Japan. Launched 2003 and capsule recovered in Australia in 2010. Status: Operational 2003. First Launch: 2003-05-09. Last Launch: 2014-12-03. Number: 3 . Gross mass: 415 kg (914 lb).
Hayato - Alternate name of KSAT (Hayato).
Hayato - 1U Cubesat for Kagoshima University, released in parking orbit. Failed.
Hayato 2 - Alternate name of KSAT 2 (Hayato 2).
Hayloft - American ELINT/SIGINT payload in the Aftrack program. First Launch: 1964-01-11. Last Launch: 1964-01-11. Number: 1 .
Hayward, John Tucker - American officer. Naval liaison to Manhattan Project and Sandia. Deputy commanding officer for research and development, USN, 1957-1963. Born: 1910. Died: 1999-05-23.
HCED - Alternate name of Spartan 203 (Spartan Halley, HCED).
HCI - American agency. Hughes Communications Inc., USA
HCMM - Heat Capacity Mapping Mission Explorer. Research satellite built by Boeing Aerospace Co. for NASA GSFC, USA. Launched 1978. First Launch: 1978-04-26. Last Launch: 1978-04-26. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 134 kg (295 lb).
HCO - Abbreviation for Harvard College Observatory
HD - Abbreviation for Henry Draper catalog entry
HDP - Alternate designation for V-3.
He-112 - The Heinkel He-112 was an unsuccessful pre-war German monoplane fighter, competing for orders with the Bf 109. However it entered rocketry history when tests were conducted in 1935 with rocket engines. Status: Cancelled 1940.
He-122 - German manned rocketplane. Flown 1938. Early German rocketplane. Status: Operational 1938.
He-176 - German manned rocketplane. Flown 1938. Early German rocketplane. Status: Operational 1938.
Healey, John - American engineer, one of the Martin managers brought to North American by Bergen after the Apollo fire. In charge of getting the Apollo 7 CSM 101 first article of the new configuration through its modification, construction, and completion.
Healey, Roger - American fictitious astronaut, featured in I Dream of Jeannie television program.
Healthsat - SateLife. Store and forward communications satellite operating in the SatelLife 'HealthNet' LEO satellite communications network for remote regions. Still operational as of 2000. Used the SSTL-70 bus.
HealthSat - Alternate name of GSat 4 (HealthSat).
Healthsat 1 - Alternate name of UoSat 3, 4, 5 (UO 14, 15, 22 / UoSAT-OSCAR 14, 15, 22) / Healthsat 1.
Healthsat 2 - Communication satellite built by SSTL for SatelLife, USA. Launched 1993. Used the Microsat-70 bus. First Launch: 1993-09-26. Last Launch: 1993-09-26. Number: 1 .
HEAO - American x-ray astronomy satellite. The 3 satellites of the High Energy Astronomical Observatory program surveyed the celestial sphere for X-ray sources and gamma and cosmic ray phenomena. Astronomy, X-Ray, Gamma satellite built by TRW for NASA, USA. Launched 1977. Used HEAO Bus. Status: Operational 1977. First Launch: 1977-08-12. Last Launch: 1979-09-20. Number: 3 . Gross mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb).
HEAO 2 - Astronomy, X-Ray, Gamma satellite built by TRW for NASA, USA. Launched 1978. Used HEAO Bus. First Launch: 1978-11-13. Last Launch: 1978-11-13. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb).
HEAO 3 - Astronomy, X-Ray, Gamma satellite built by TRW for NASA, USA. Launched 1979. Used HEAO Bus. First Launch: 1979-09-20. Last Launch: 1979-09-20. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb).
Heavy Lift Carrier 2008 - American heavy-lift orbital launch vehicle. ATK Thiokol concept corresponding to earlier Shuttle-C proposals. The shuttle orbiter is replaced by a 6.5 m diameter x 25 m long cargo container, powered by two Space Shuttle main engines. Availability would be three to four years after go-ahead. Status: Design 2004. Gross mass: 2,000,000 kg (4,400,000 lb). Payload: 73,000 kg (160,000 lb). Thrust: 20,290.00 kN (4,561,370 lbf).
Heavy Lift Carrier 2011 - American heavy-lift orbital launch vehicle. ATK Thiokol concept for a shuttle-derived heavy lift vehicle. The shuttle orbiter would be replaced by a 6.5 m diameter x 35 m long cargo container, powered by three Space Shuttle main engines. The shuttle RSRM motors would have a fifth segment added, and the External Tank would be stretched to 56 m long. Availability would be six years after go-ahead. Status: Design 2004. Payload: 91,000 kg (200,000 lb).
Heavy Lift Carrier 2015 - American heavy-lift orbital launch vehicle. ATK Thiokol concept for a shuttle-derived heavy lift vehicle with a lift equivalent to the Saturn V. The radical reconfiguration would put all elements in-line. Four SSME engines would be at the base of a stretched external tank, flanked by two shuttle RSRM motors with a fifth segment added. Atop this would be an 8.7 m diameter LOx/LH2 stage, followed by a 10-m diameter payload fairing. Availability would be ten years after go-ahead. Status: Design 2004. Payload: 102,000 kg (224,000 lb).
Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle - Alternate designation for Exploration HLLV.
Heavy Orbital Earth Space Station - Alternate designation for TKS Heavy Space Station manned space station.
Heavy Piloted Interplanetary Spacecraft - Manufacturer's designation for TMK-1 manned mars flyby.
heavy-lift - Category of launch vehicles.
HEDI - American anti-ballistic missile. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x X-265 + 1 x X-271 Status: Retired 1992. First Launch: 1990-01-26. Last Launch: 1992-08-26. Number: 3 . Gross mass: 3,500 kg (7,700 lb). Thrust: 3,000.00 kN (674,400 lbf).
HeDI satellite - Astronomy, solar satellite built by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, SwRI. Cubesat 3U bus. Gross mass: 4.00 kg (8.80 lb).
Hedrick, Walter - American USAF Officer. Walter Hedrick was an Air Force Brigadier General who was involved in space systems throughout the 1960s. In 1967, he became the Air Force's director of space, deputy chief of staff, research and development. Born: 1921-08-02. Died: 2008-09-12.
Heidekraut - German test range for production V-2 missiles. First Launch: 1944-08-01. Last Launch: 1945-01-11. Number: 265 .
Heidelager - Truppenubungsplatz Heidelager. German test range for production V-2 missiles. First Launch: 1943-11-05. Last Launch: 1944-07-24. Number: 277 .
HeidelSat - Cosmic radiation satellite for SRH University, Heidelberg, Germany. Cubesat 1U bus. Gross mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb).
Heimburg, Karl Ludwig - German-American engineer. Worked in Japan 1937-1941, then at Peenemuende. Worked on test stands for Wasserfall and A4b. Helped with Backfire. Then joined von Braun team, becoming Director, Test Division, in Huntsville. Born: 1910-01-29. Died: 1997-01-26.
Heine - German rocket engineer in WW2; later worked in France at LRBA on gyroscopes and antennae in the automated control loop department 1947-1952.
Heinemann, Wolfgang - German expert in aerodynamics during World War II. Stayed in East Germany after the war.
Heinisch, Kurt - German rocket technician at Peenemuende. Born: 1910.
Heinkel - German manufacturer of rockets and spacecraft. Heinkel, Germany.
Heinkel, Ernst - German aircraft builder, owner of the Heinkel concern. Born: 1888. Died: 1958-01-01.
Heinlein, Robert A - Leading American writer of technical science fiction, inspired many engineers that would later make space travel a reality. Major corporations, the military, and nuclear power were key aspects of the colonization of space in his stories. Born: 1907-07-07. Died: 1988-05-01.
Heiss, Klaus P - Austrian-American economist, prepared a major economic feasibility study for the Space Shuttle program in 1971. He later worked with Econ, Inc., and founded and headed Space Transportation Corp., in Princeton, New Jersey. Born: 1941-08-21. Died: 2010-07-24.
Helio 1 - Alternate name of ELFIN (Helio 1).
Helio 2 - Alternate name of CuSPP (Helio 2).
Helio 3 - Alternate name of TBEx A, B (Helio 3).
Helio 4 - Alternate name of MinXSS 1, 2 (Helio 4).
Helio 5 - Alternate name of SORTIE (Helio 5).
Helio-EX 1 - Alternate name of ICON (Helio-EX 1).
Helios - German solar satellite. Solar probe. Launched by the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany. Heliocentric orbit 190 days, 0.309 x 0.985 AU x 0 deg. Solar lander built by Messerschmitt-B�lkow-Blohm (MBB) for NASA / BMF, Germany. Launched 1974 - 1976. Status: Operational 1974. First Launch: 1974-12-10. Last Launch: 1976-01-15. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 373 kg (822 lb).
Helios (satellite) - Alternate designation for Helios.
Helios 1A-1B - French military surveillance satellite. Helios 1A an 1B were advanced French military surveillance satellites which were widely believed to have 1 meter resolution capability. Reconnaissance, electro-optical satellite built by ATrospatiale, Matra Marconi for DGA, France. Launched 1995 - 1999. Used the SPOT Mk.2 bus. Status: Operational 1995. First Launch: 1995-07-07. Last Launch: 1999-12-03. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 2,537 kg (5,593 lb).
Helios 2 - French military surveillance satellite. French military surveillance satellite series which began service in 2004. Reconnaissance, electro-optical satellite built by Astrium for DGA, France. Launched 2004 - 2009. Used the SPOT Mk.3 bus. Status: Operational 2004. First Launch: 2004-12-18. Last Launch: 2004-12-18. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 4,200 kg (9,200 lb).
Helios A - American nuclear-powered orbital launch vehicle. Status: Study 1960. Gross mass: 441,080 kg (972,410 lb). Payload: 73,400 kg (161,800 lb). Thrust: 5,670.00 kN (1,274,660 lbf).
Helios A-1 - LOx/LH2 propellant rocket stage. Booster stage with LOx tanks only to take nuclear second stage to stratosphere. Status: Study 1960. Gross mass: 200,000 kg (440,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 10,000 kg (22,000 lb). Thrust: 6,660.00 kN (1,497,220 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
Helios A-2 - Nuclear/LH2 propellant rocket stage. Nuclear second stage. Status: Study 1960. Gross mass: 153,000 kg (337,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 26,000 kg (57,000 lb). Thrust: 2,892.00 kN (650,147 lbf). More at: Nuclear/LH2
Helios B - American nuclear-powered orbital launch vehicle. Status: Study 1960. Gross mass: 586,520 kg (1,293,050 lb). Payload: 144,600 kg (318,700 lb). Thrust: 6,619.00 kN (1,488,010 lbf).
Helios B-1 - LOx/LH2 propellant rocket stage. Booster stage with LOx tanks only to take nuclear second stage to stratosphere. Status: Study 1960. Gross mass: 236,000 kg (520,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 14,000 kg (30,000 lb). Thrust: 7,786.00 kN (1,750,362 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
Helios B-2 - Nuclear/LH2 propellant rocket stage. Nuclear second stage. Status: Study 1960. Gross mass: 177,000 kg (390,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 29,000 kg (63,000 lb). Thrust: 3,330.00 kN (748,610 lbf). More at: Nuclear/LH2
Helios C - American nuclear-powered orbital launch vehicle. Status: Study 1960. Gross mass: 807,440 kg (1,780,100 lb). Payload: 86,200 kg (190,000 lb). Thrust: 10,586.00 kN (2,379,827 lbf).
Helios C-1 - LOx/LH2 propellant rocket stage. Booster stage with LOx tanks only to take nuclear second stage to stratosphere. Status: Study 1960. Gross mass: 395,000 kg (870,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 18,000 kg (39,000 lb). Thrust: 12,450.00 kN (2,798,870 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
Helios C-2 - Nuclear/LH2 propellant rocket stage. Nuclear second stage. Status: Study 1960. Gross mass: 309,000 kg (681,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 54,000 kg (119,000 lb). Thrust: 5,780.00 kN (1,299,390 lbf). More at: Nuclear/LH2
Helios LV - American nuclear-powered orbital launch vehicle. 1959 study by Krafft Ehricke of a vehicle where the booster stage contains liquid oxygen tanks only and takes the nuclear second stage to the stratosphere. The nuclear sustainer then takes the payload to orbit or escape trajectory.
Helios reconnsat - New-generation French military surveillance satellite.
Helios Stage 1 - Notional LOx/LH2 rocket engine. Study 1960. Engines for booster stage with LOx tanks only to take nuclear second stage to stratosphere. Helios A, B, C studies. Status: Study 1960. Thrust: 1,667.00 kN (374,756 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
Hellas - Greek agency. Hellas Sat Consortium, Greece.
Hellas Sat - Greek communications satellite, former Intelsat KTV, NSS-KTV, NSS-6, Intelsat APR-3.
HellasSat 2 - Communication satellite built by Astrium for Hellas Sat, Greece. Launched 2003. Used the Eurostar-2000+ bus. First Launch: 2003-05-13. Last Launch: 2003-05-13. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3,250 kg (7,160 lb).
HellasSat 4 - Communication satellite built by Lockheed Martin for Hellas Sat, ArabSat. Used the A2100 (modernized) bus. Gross mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb).
Hellebrandt, Emil A H, - Austrian-German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1914-08-01. Died: 1981-12-16.
Heller, Gerhard Bernhard - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1914-01-24. Died: 2005-01-01.
Hellfire 2 - Alternate name of Hellfire AGM-114K.
Hellfire AGM-114 - Boeing/Lockheed Martin (Rockwell/Martin Marietta) air-to-surface missile.
Hellfire AGM-114AA - American air-to-surface missile. Helicopter-borne or ground-launched antiarmor weapon. Hellfire anti-armour IIR and MMW versions under development Status: Operational 1984. Gross mass: 43 kg (94 lb). Payload: 6.30 kg (13.80 lb).
Hellfire AGM-114B - American air-to-surface missile. USMC version. Laser-guided, low smoke, improved shipboard handling, Improved Low Visibility Autopilot. Gross mass: 48 kg (105 lb).
Hellfire AGM-114C - American air-to-surface missile. As AGM-114B, but for land use.
Hellfire AGM-114D - American air-to-surface missile.
Hellfire AGM-114E - American air-to-surface missile.
Hellfire AGM-114F - American air-to-surface missile. Army version, laser guided, with interim tandem (70mm precursor) warhead
Hellfire AGM-114K - American air-to-surface missile. Tandem (178+100 mm) warhead, digital autopilot, jam resistant seeker. In production. Gross mass: 45 kg (100 lb).
Hellfire AGM-114L - American air-to-surface missile. In production. Gross mass: 49 kg (108 lb).
Hellfire II - Alternate name of Hellfire AGM-114K.
Helm, Bruno - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1909-12-31. Died: 1987-12-02.
Helms, Susan Jane - American test engineer mission specialist astronaut 1990-2002. Flight record: 5 spaceflights, 211.0 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-54 (1993), STS-64, STS-78, STS-101, STS-102.. Status: Inactive; Active 1990-2002. Born: 1958-02-26. Spaceflights: 5 . Total time in space: 210.96 days.
Henize, Karl Gordon - American astronomer mission specialist astronaut 1967-1986. Flight record: 1 spaceflight, 7.9 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-51F (1985).. Status: Deceased; Active 1967-1986. Born: 1926-10-17. Died: 1993-10-05. Spaceflights: 1 . Total time in space: 7.95 days.
Hennen, Thomas John - American photo interpreter payload specialist astronaut 1988-1991. US Army. Grew up in Columbus, Ohio, son of an Air Force officer. Flight record: 1 spaceflight, 7.0 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-44 (1991).. Status: Inactive; Active 1988-1991. Born: 1952-08-17. Spaceflights: 1 . Total time in space: 6.95 days.
Hennig, Otto - German manufacturing engr. a4 assembly during World War II. Stayed in Germany after the war.
Henning, Alfred H - German-American expert in guided missiles during World War II. Went to the USA with von Braun, by 1960, Deputy Director, Weapons System Coordination Office, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. Born: 1904-12-08.
Henning, Bruno - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Engineer who worked on rocket engine development in Glushko's design bureau from 1947 to 1952. Worked in Engineering and Design; Dept. 61. Born: 1908-03-05.
Henricks, Terence Thomas 'Tom' - American test pilot astronaut 1985-1997. Flight record: 4 spaceflights, 42.8 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-44 (1991), STS-55, STS-70, STS-78.. Status: Inactive; Active 1985-1997. Born: 1952-07-05. Spaceflights: 4 . Total time in space: 42.78 days.
Henry PPS - American pressure suit, tested 1943. J P Henry and D R Drury designed the capstan partial pressure suit and exposed subjects to 24,000 m. Three models were tested. These would be the basis of the post-war Dave Clark rocketplane suits. Status: tested 1943.
Henry, Richard C - American officer. Commander of Air Force Space Division, 1978-1982; Vice Commander, Air Force Space Command 1982-1983.
HEOS - European earth magnetosphere satellite. Highly Eccentric Orbiting Satellite; examined magnetic fields outside of Earth's magnetosphere. Research satellite built by Junkers Flugzeug- und Motorenwerke GmbH (prime) for ESRO, Europe. Launched 1968 - 1972. Status: Operational 1968. First Launch: 1968-12-05. Last Launch: 1972-01-31. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 116 kg (255 lb).
Hera - American target missile. Two stage vehicle used as a target for test of anti-ballistic missile systems. The vehicle consisted of surplus Minuteman 2 second and third stages (SR19AJ1 + M57A1). Status: Active. First Launch: 1995-04-24. Last Launch: 2009-10-15. Number: 26 . Gross mass: 11,360 kg (25,040 lb). Thrust: 267.00 kN (60,023 lbf).
HeRA (abbreviation) - Abbreviation for Hermes Robotic Arm
Hera-2 - Alternate name for M57A1.
Herakles - Russian air-launched winged orbital launch vehicle. Launch vehicle design by NPO Molniya / TsAGI that would utilize air launch from a giant cargo aircraft capable of lifting 900 metric ton payloads. The single stage to orbit spaceplane would be released at subsonic velocity. Status: Study 1993. Gross mass: 900,000 kg (1,980,000 lb).
Hercules - Alternate designation for Shuttle ASRM engine.
Hercules - Hercules, Wilmington, Delaware, USA. American manufacturer of solid propellant rocket engines and rockets. Originally Alleghany Ballistics Laboratory (ABL); later moved factory to Magna, Utah.
Hermann, Rudolf - German-American expert in supersonics during World War II. Member of the German rocket team, arrived in America under Project Paperclip on 1945.11.16 aboard the Argentina from La Havre. Worked in America at Wright Field in 1947. Born: 1904. Died: 1991-01-01.
Hermann, Werner - German test pilot, aviation engineer during World War II. Stayed in Germany after the war.
Hermaszewski, Miroslaw 'Mirek' - Polish pilot cosmonaut 1976-1978. First Polish astronaut. Flight record: 1 spaceflight, 7.9 days in space. Flew to orbit on Soyuz 30 (1978).. Status: Inactive; Active 1976-1978. Born: 1941-09-15. Spaceflights: 1 . Total time in space: 7.92 days.
Hermes - French manned spaceplane. Cancelled 1992. The Hermes spaceplane would have provided independent European manned access to space. Hermes was designed to take three astronauts to orbits of up to 800 km altitude on missions of 30 to 90 days in space. Status: Cancelled 1992. Gross mass: 23,000 kg (50,000 lb).
Hermes 9K121 - Russian anti-tank missile. New antitank guided missile for Ka-50 Hokum and Su-39 Frog Foot. Gross mass: 45 kg (99 lb).
Hermes A-1 - The Army Hermes A-1 single stage test rocket was an American version of the German Wasserfall anti-aircraft rocket. Status: Retired 1951. First Launch: 1950-05-19. Last Launch: 1951-04-26. Number: 5 . Gross mass: 3,025 kg (6,668 lb). Thrust: 71.00 kN (15,961 lbf). More at: Nitric acid/Amine
Hermes A-2 - American tactical ballistic missile. The Army Hermes A-2 single stage test rocket proved the technology of large solid rocket motors as developed by H L Thackwell at Thiokol. But the Army preferred to have further development done in-house and JPL was selected to develop the Sergeant rocket. In addition to the flight tests, a total of 22 motors were static fired, including one after seven years of storage. Status: Retired 1953. First Launch: 1947-05-30. Last Launch: 1953-03-25. Number: 8 . Gross mass: 3,530 kg (7,780 lb). Unfuelled mass: 800 kg (1,760 lb). Thrust: 142.00 kN (31,922 lbf).
Hermes A-3 - American tactical ballistic missile. Prototype of a single-stage liquid propellant tactical Army missile. Two versions test flown but abandoned in favor of the Redstone in-house design. Status: Retired 1954. First Launch: 1953-03-13. Last Launch: 1954-01-15. Gross mass: 3,780 kg (8,330 lb). Thrust: 80.00 kN (17,984 lbf).
Hermes A-3A - Alternate designation for Hermes A-3.
Hermes A-3A - American tactical ballistic missile. Status: Retired 1954. First Launch: 1953-03-13. Last Launch: 1954-01-15. Number: 7 . Gross mass: 3,780 kg (8,330 lb). Thrust: 80.40 kN (18,075 lbf). More at: Nitric acid/Amine
Hermes A-3B - American tactical ballistic missile. Status: Retired 1954. First Launch: 1954-05-11. Last Launch: 1954-11-16. Number: 6 . Gross mass: 5,370 kg (11,830 lb). Unfuelled mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Thrust: 100.50 kN (22,593 lbf). More at: Nitric acid/Amine
Hermes B-1 - American tactical ballistic missile. Test vehicle for Hermes II Mach 3 ramjet cruise missile. The modified V-2 merely acted as a booster for the 'Ram' second stage. Status: Retired 1950. First Launch: 1947-05-30. Last Launch: 1950-11-09. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 14,400 kg (31,700 lb). Payload: 230 kg (500 lb). Thrust: 267.00 kN (60,023 lbf).
Hermes C - Alternate designation for Redstone.
Hermes C-1 - American tactical ballistic missile. The Hermes C1 was a clustered-engine intercontinental ballistic missile proposed by General Electric in June 1946. It was eventually down-scoped to a single-engine tactical missile, which flew as the Redstone in 1953. Gross mass: 110,000 kg (240,000 lb). Thrust: 2,670.00 kN (600,230 lbf).
Hermes Cubesat - 1U cubesat for University of Colorado at Boulder. First Launch: 2011-03-04. Last Launch: 2011-03-04. Number: 1 .
Hermes II - Alternate designation for Hermes B-1.
Hermes missile - American tactical ballistic missile. Hermes was a major US Army project to implement German rocket technology after World War II. Development started in 1944 with award to General Electric as the prime contractor. The program was cancelled in 1954 after $ 96.4 million had been spent. Most of this was for naught since the Air Force received the long-range missile assignment in the end. Status: Retired 1954.
Hernandez, Jose Moreno - American engineer mission specialist astronaut, 2004-2011. Flight record: 1 spaceflight, 13.9 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-128 (2009).. Status: Inactive; Active 2004-2011. Born: 1962-08-07. Spaceflights: 1 . Total time in space: 13.87 days.
Herres, Robert Tralles - American pilot astronaut, 1967-1969. Status: Deceased; Active 1967-1969. Born: 1932-12-01. Died: 2008-07-24.
Herrington, John Bennett - American test pilot mission specialist astronaut 1996-2005. Flight record: 1 spaceflight, 13.8 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-113 (2002).. Status: Inactive; Active 1996-2005. Born: 1958-09-14. Spaceflights: 1 . Total time in space: 13.78 days.
Herrmann, Paul - German engineer during World War II. Worked at aeromedicine center in Heidelberg after the war.
Herschel - Astronomy, far infra-red and sub-mm wave satellite built by Alcatel Space Systems (prime), Astrium GmbH, Alenia Spazio for ESA, Europe. Launched 2009. Status: Operational 2009. First Launch: 2009-05-14. Last Launch: 2009-05-14. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3,400 kg (7,400 lb).
Hertel, Heinrich - German expert in aircraft design during World War II. Stayed in Germany after the war.
HERTF - American military anti-satellite system. Study 1995. Status: Study 1995.
Hess, Harry H - American geologist. Senior scientist involved in analyzing the lunar samples returned to Earth by Project Apollo. Born: 1906. Died: 1969-01-01.
HESSI - American solar satellite. HESSI, the sixth Small Explorer, was a Spectrum Astro satellite derived from the SA-200S design. It carried a rotating modulation collimator transform telescope. Solar observatory satellite built by Spectrum Astro for NASA, USA. Launched 2002. Used the SA-200B (modified), spin stabilized bus. Status: Operational 2002. First Launch: 2002-02-05. Last Launch: 2002-02-05. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 304 kg (670 lb).
HET - Health/education telecommunications experiment (on ATS 6)
HETE - American gamma ray astronomy satellite. The High Energy Transient Experiment (HETE) was an international mission led by The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Gamma ray astronomy satellite built by MIT, AeroAstro (Bus) for NASA, USA. Launched 1996 - 2000. Used HETE-Bus. Status: Operational 1996. First Launch: 1996-11-04. Last Launch: 2000-10-09. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 124 kg (273 lb).
Heusinger, Bruno - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1912-05-27. Died: 1973-04-01.
Hexagon - Code name for KH-9 military surveillance satellite.
HF - Abbreviation for High Frequency
HFsat - Experimental Communication satellite for US Naval Academy Satellite Lab, USA. Cubesat 1.5U bus.
HG-3 - Rocketdyne LOx/LH2 rocket engine. Study 1967. High-performance high-pressure chamber engine developed from J-2. Considered for upgrades to Saturn V launch vehicle upper stages. Technology led to Space Shuttle Main Engines. Status: Study 1967. Thrust: 1,400.70 kN (314,890 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
HG-3-SL - Rocketdyne LOx/LH2 rocket engine. Study 1966. High-performance high-pressure chamber engine developed from the J-2, fitted with lower-expansion nozzle for sea level use on Saturn INT-17. Technology led to Space Shuttle Main Engines. Status: Study 1966. Thrust: 1,387.00 kN (311,810 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
HGA - Abbreviation for High Gain Antenna
HGM-16F - Alternate designation for Atlas F HGM-16F.
HGS - The Asiasat HS 601 spacecraft was left in a high inclination useless orbit by a failure of the DM-3 stage and became an insurance write-off. Two trips around the Moon to remove the inclination under its new owner (Hughes) saw it back into very limited service (as HGS-1)
HGV - American spaceplane. Study 1992. The Hypersonic Glide Vehicle was a USAF project discussed openly in 1987 to 1988, which may have flown as a black project in 1992-1993. Status: Study 1992. Gross mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb).
HH - Alternate name for ODERACS.
HHMU - Abbreviation for Hand Held Maneuvering Unit
HHN - Headquarters Historical Note (NASA)
HiakaSat - Vehicle evaluation, Earth observation satellite for University of Hawaii, Hawai`i Space Flight Laboratory, Honolulu, USA. Launched 2015. Used HawaiiSat bus. First Launch: 2015-11-04. Last Launch: 2015-11-04. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 55 kg (121 lb).
HIBEX - American anti-ballistic missile. Hibex was a 5.2 m long test vehicle used by the Army in a series of research experiments investigating high performance missile boosters. During mid-1960's experimental flights at White Sands, Hibex was fired successfully from underground cells and above-ground launch sites. Status: Retired 1966. First Launch: 1965-02-25. Last Launch: 1966-01-13. Number: 7 . Gross mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb).
HIBEX engine - Boeing solid rocket engine. HIBEX first stage. Status: Retired 1966. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). More at: Solid
HIBEX-1 - Alternate name for HIBEX engine.
Hidden Hills DZ RW14/32 - Alternate name for Hidden Hills DZ.
Hieb, Richard James 'Rick' - American engineer mission specialist astronaut 1985-1995. Flight record: 3 spaceflights, 31.9 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-39 (1991), STS-49, STS-65.. Status: Inactive; Active 1985-1995. Born: 1955-09-21. Spaceflights: 3 . Total time in space: 31.94 days.
Higbee, Terry Alan - American engineer military spaceflight engineer astronaut, 1979-1985. Status: Inactive; Active 1979-1985. Born: 1949-12-03.
Higginbotham, Joan Elizabeth Miller - American engineer mission specialist astronaut 1996-2007. Engineer. Flight record: 1 spaceflight, 12.9 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-116 (2006).. Status: Inactive; Active 1996-2007. Born: 1964-08-03. Spaceflights: 1 . Total time in space: 12.86 days.
High Altitude Research Project - Alternate designation for 5 inch HARP Gun.
High Altitude Research Project - Alternate designation for 7 inch HARP Gun.
High Altitude Research Project (Project HARP), McGill University - Alternate name for HARP.
High earth orbit - Category of spacecraft.
High Energy Astronomical Observatory - Alternate designation for HEAO x-ray astronomy satellite.
High Energy Transient Experiment - Alternate designation for HETE gamma ray astronomy satellite.
High Flight - A favorite poem of aviators and astronauts.
High Virgo - American air-launched test vehicle. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x B-58 Hustler + 1 x TX-20 Sergeant Status: Retired 1959. First Launch: 1958-09-05. Last Launch: 1959-09-22. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Thrust: 220.00 kN (49,450 lbf).
Higherboy - Alternate name of KH-8 Gambit-3 (Dual mode, Higherboy).
Highwater - American earth atmosphere satellite. 2 launches, 1962.04.25 (Highwater 1) and 1962.11.16 (Highwater 2). Release of large quantities of chemicals at high altitudes during suborbital tests of Saturn I. Status: Operational 1962.
Hi-Hoe - American technology satellite. 3 launches, 1961.10.05 (Hi-Hoe 1) to 1962.07.26 (Hi-Hoe 3). US antisatellite tests. Status: Operational 1961.
H-II - Heavy lift Japanese indigenous launch vehicle. The original H-2 version was cancelled due to high costs and poor reliability and replaced by the substantially redesigned H-2A. Status: Retired 1999. First Launch: 1994-02-03. Last Launch: 1999-11-15. Number: 7 . Gross mass: 260,000 kg (570,000 lb). Payload: 10,060 kg (22,170 lb). Thrust: 3,970.00 kN (892,490 lbf).
H-II (2S) - Japanese orbital launch vehicle. Three stage version consisting of 2 x H-II SSB boosters + 2 x H-II SRB boosters + core vehicle. Gross mass: 281,000 kg (619,000 lb). Payload: 3,930 kg (8,660 lb). Thrust: 4,600.00 kN (1,034,100 lbf).
H-II HIMES - Japanese orbital launch vehicle. Concept of H-2 augmented with Liquid-Air Cycle Engine boosters and advanced HIMES upper stage. Status: Design 1999. Gross mass: 183,700 kg (404,900 lb). Thrust: 2,167.44 kN (487,260 lbf).
H-IIA - Japanese orbital launch vehicle. Low-cost version of H-2 developed for the commercial market. The two SRB-A solid rocket boosters can be supplemented by 4 smaller SSB solid boosters. 0 or 2 SSB's can be fitted for reduced 9,940 kg or 10,740 kg LEO payloads. Status: Active. First Launch: 2014-10-07. Last Launch: 2014-10-07. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 289,000 kg (637,000 lb). Payload: 11,730 kg (25,860 lb). Thrust: 4,680.00 kN (1,052,100 lbf).
H-IIA 202 - Japanese orbital launch vehicle. Three stage version of H-IIA consisting of 2 x H-II SRB-A + two-stage core vehicle. Status: Active. First Launch: 2001-08-29. Last Launch: 2018-10-29. Number: 25 . Gross mass: 285,000 kg (628,000 lb). Payload: 10,000 kg (22,000 lb). Thrust: 5,600.00 kN (1,258,900 lbf).
H-IIA 2022 - Japanese orbital launch vehicle. Three stage vehicle consisting of 2 x Castor 4XL + 2 x H-II SRB-A boosters + two-stage core vehicle. Status: Active. First Launch: 2005-02-26. Last Launch: 2007-09-14. Number: 3 . Gross mass: 348,000 kg (767,000 lb). Payload: 5,000 kg (11,000 lb).
H-IIA 2024 - Japanese orbital launch vehicle. Three stage vehicle consisting of 4 x Castor 4XL + 2 x H-II SRB-A boosters + two-stage core vehicle. Status: Active. First Launch: 2002-02-04. Last Launch: 2008-02-23. Number: 7 . Gross mass: 289,000 kg (637,000 lb). Payload: 11,730 kg (25,860 lb). Thrust: 4,680.00 kN (1,052,100 lbf).
H-IIA 2024 - Alternate designation for H-IIA.
H-IIA 204 - Japanese orbital launch vehicle. Status: Active. First Launch: 2006-12-16. Last Launch: 2017-08-19. Number: 4 .
H-IIA 212 - Japanese orbital launch vehicle. This version uses two core stages side-by-side in an asymmetric configuration, supplemented by two SRB-A solid rocket boosters. Status: In production. Gross mass: 406,000 kg (895,000 lb). Payload: 17,280 kg (38,090 lb). Thrust: 6,400.00 kN (1,438,700 lbf).
H-IIB - Japanese orbital launch vehicle, utilizing H-IIA engines, but with larger-diameter all-new stages. Designed to place Japanese ISS HTV logistics vehicle into orbit. Status: Active. First Launch: 2009-09-10. Last Launch: 2018-09-22. Number: 7 .
Hikoboshi - Alternate name for ETS-7.
HILAT - American communications satellite. One launch, 1983.06.27. Communications technology tests. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication. Experimental satellite built by JHU/APL for USAF STP (Space Test Program), USA. Launched 1983. Used Transit-Bus. Status: Operational 1983. First Launch: 1983-06-27. Last Launch: 1983-06-27. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 248 kg (546 lb).
Hilburn, Earl D - American engineer. At NASA 1963-1966, in charge of industrial affairs. Later President of Western Union. Born: 1920-04-16. Died: 1989-01-10.
HiLITE - Research, solar satellite for University of Colorado at Boulder, USA. Cubesat 3U bus. Gross mass: 4.00 kg (8.80 lb).
Hill AFB - Established just before World War II as the Ogden Air Depot, Hill AFB has provided program management and logistical support for many Air Force missile programs.
Hilliard Robertson, Patricia Consolatrix - American physician mission specialist astronaut, 1998-2001. Status: Deceased; Active 1998-2001. Born: 1963-03-12. Died: 2001-05-24.
Hilmers, David Carl 'Dave' - American USMC engineer mission specialist astronaut 1980-1992. Known as a religiously conservative astronaut; summed up many astronaut's fears of the shuttle, saying before a flight "I have no plans past MECO". Flight record: 4 spaceflights, 20.6 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-51J (1985), STS-26, STS-36, STS-42.. Status: Inactive; Active 1980-1992. Born: 1950-01-28. Spaceflights: 4 . Total time in space: 20.59 days.
HiMAT - American Highly Maneuverable Aircraft Technology test vehicle of the 1970's.
Himawari - Japanese earth weather satellite. 5 launches, 1977.07.14 (Himawari 1) to 1995.03.18 (Himawari 5). The Geostationary Meteorological Satellite series were spin-stabilized satellites. Status: Operational 1977. First Launch: 1977-07-14. Last Launch: 1995-03-18. Number: 5 . Gross mass: 746 kg (1,644 lb).
Himawari - Code name for GMS earth weather satellite.
Himawari 1 - Alternate name of GMS 1 (Himawari 1).
Himawari 2, 3, 4, 5 - Alternate name of GMS 2, 3, 4, 5 (Himawari 2, 3, 4, 5).
Himawari 6 - Alternate name of MTSat 1, 1R (Himawari 6).
Himawari 7 - Alternate name of MTSat 2 (Himawari 7).
Himawari 8, 9 - Communication, Meteorology satellite built by Mitsubishi Electric (prime), Boeing for Japanese Ministry of Transport Civil Aviation Bureau & Meteorological Agency, Japan. Launched 2014 - 2016. Used the DS-2000 bus. Launched 2014-2016. First Launch: 2014-10-07. Last Launch: 2016-11-02. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 3,500 kg (7,700 lb).
HIMES - LOx/LH2 propellant rocket stage. . Status: Design 1999. Gross mass: 13,600 kg (29,900 lb). Unfuelled mass: 3,100 kg (6,800 lb). Thrust: 274.00 kN (61,597 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
HIMES engine - Mitsubishi LOx/LH2 rocket engine. Design 1999. Used on H-2 HIMES launch vehicle. Status: Design 1999. Thrust: 137.30 kN (30,866 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
HIMES Rockoon - American sounding rocket. Status: Retired 1992. First Launch: 1988-09-21. Last Launch: 1992-02-14. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 500 kg (1,100 lb).
HIMES Rockoon-1 - Alternate name for KM-D.
HiNCube - Technology satellite for H�gskolen i Narvik (HiN), Norway. Launched 2013. Cubesat 1U bus. First Launch: 2013-11-21. Last Launch: 2013-11-21. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb).
Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd - Alternate name for HAL.
Hines Jr, Robert Thomas - American astronaut, selected 2017. Civilian Pilot. Status: Active, 2017-on.. Born: 1975-01-11.
Hinners, Noel W - American geologist. Worked on Apollo at BellComm, 1963-1972. NASA HQ on lunar and space science programs, 1972-1979. Director NASM 1979-1982. Directed Goddard, 1982-1987. Associate Deputy Administrator 1987-1989. Martin Marietta VP, 1989-on. Born: 1935-12-25. Died: 2014-09-05.
Hinode - Alternate name of Solar B (Hinode).
Hinode - Japanese solar satellite. Solar satellite with a large optical telescope and an X-ray telescope built by the Smithsonian Observatory. Status: Operational 2006. First Launch: 2006-09-22. Last Launch: 2006-09-22. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 870 kg (1,910 lb).
Hinotori - Alternate name of Astro A (Hinotori).
Hintze, Guenther - German-American engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Died at El Paso, Texas. Born: 1906-07-08. Died: 1995-12-09.
HiPAT - Redmond N2O4/MMH rocket engine. In Production. High performance liquid apogee thruster. Status: In Production. Unfuelled mass: 5.20 kg (11.40 lb). Thrust: 445 N (100 lbf). More at: N2O4/MMH
Hipparcos - European visible astronomy satellite. Scientific satellite for astrometry. Didn't reach GEO due to AKM failure; measured star positions. Frequency plan 2054.25 /2241 MHz. Launch time 2325:53 UT. Designator ESA/89/03. Astrometry satellite built by Matra Marconi Space (satellite prime, payload), Alenia Spazio (co-prime: spacecraft procurement) for ESA, Europe. Launched 1989. Status: Operational 1989. First Launch: 1989-08-08. Last Launch: 1989-08-08. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 1,130 kg (2,490 lb).
Hire, Kathryn Patricia 'Kay' - American engineer mission specialist astronaut 1994-2010. US Navy aviator; first woman assigned to a combat aircrew. Flight record: 2 spaceflights, 29.7 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-90 (1998), STS-130.. Status: Inactive; Active 1994-2010. Born: 1959-08-26. Spaceflights: 2 . Total time in space: 29.66 days.
Hiroc - American test vehicle. Project MX-774 inaugurated by AAF with Consolidated-Vultee to study rocket capabilities with an ICBM as a final objective. Limited funds permitted a few test launches. These rockets demonstrated technologies that would later be applied to the Atlas. Status: Cancelled 1947. First Launch: 1948-07-14. Last Launch: 1948-12-02. Number: 3 . Gross mass: 1,300 kg (2,800 lb). Unfuelled mass: 700 kg (1,540 lb). Thrust: 35.00 kN (7,868 lbf). More at: Lox/Alcohol
Hirschler, Otto Heinrich - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1913-12-14. Died: 2001-02-02.
Hisaki - Alternate name for NEXTAR NX-300L. Used the [NEXTAR NX-300L] bus.
Hisaki - Alternate name of EXCEED (SPRINT A, Hisaki).
HISat - Alternate name of SIMPL (HISat).
Hisdesat - Spanish agency. Hisdesat, Spain.
Hispasat - Hispasat SA, Madrid, Spain. Domestic communications satellite network.
Hispasat 1A, 1B - Communication satellite built by Matra Marconi for Hispasat, Spain. Launched 1992 - 1993. Used the Eurostar-2000 bus. First Launch: 1992-09-10. Last Launch: 1993-07-22. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 2,194 kg (4,836 lb).
Hispasat 1C - Communication satellite built by Alcatel for Hispasat, Spain. Launched 2000 - 2002. Used the Spacebus-3000B2 bus. First Launch: 2000-02-03. Last Launch: 2002-09-18. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 3,113 kg (6,862 lb).
Hispasat 1E - Communication satellite built by Space Systems/Loral (SS/L) for Hispasat, Spain. Launched 2010. Used the SSL-1300 bus. First Launch: 2010-12-29. Last Launch: 2010-12-29. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 5,270 kg (11,610 lb).
Hispasat 1F - Alternate name of Hispasat 30W-6 (Hispasat 1F).
Hispasat 30W-6 - Communication satellite built by Space Systems/Loral (SS/L) for Hispasat. Used the SSL-1300 bus. Gross mass: 5,000 kg (11,000 lb).
Hispasat 36W-1 - Communication satellite built by OHB-System GmbH for Hispasat, EADS, Spain. Launched 2017. Used the SmallGEO (LUXOR) bus bus. First Launch: 2017-01-28. Last Launch: 2017-01-28. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3,221 kg (7,101 lb).
Hispasat 55W-2 - Alternate name of Intelsat 34 (Hispasat 55W-2).
Hispasat AG1 - Alternate name of Hispasat 36W-1 (Hispasat AG1).
Hitch Hiker - Series of classified US subsatellites, conducting radiation monitoring, ferret, and technology test missions, related to the SSF.
Hitchhiker 1, 2 - Experimental satellite built by Lockheed for USAF, USA. Launched 1963 - 1964. Used P-11 bus. First Launch: 1963-03-18. Last Launch: 1964-08-14. Number: 3 .
Hiten - Alternate name of Muses A (Hiten).
Hiten - Japanese lunar orbiter. MUSES-A was renamed Hiten after launch. It developed of lunar swing-by techniques for future missions and ejected a lunar orbiter. Status: Operational 1990. First Launch: 1990-01-24. Last Launch: 1990-01-24. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 185 kg (407 lb).
Hitler, Adolf - German Politician. National Socialist politician and Reich Chancellor. Born: 1889. Died: 1945-01-01.
Hitomi - Alternate name of Astro H (NeXT, Hitomi).
Hitsat - Japanese technology satellite. Status: Operational 2006. First Launch: 2006-09-22. Last Launch: 2006-09-22. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb).
HITSAT 1 - Technology satellite for Hokkaido Institute of Technology, Japan. Launched 2006. First Launch: 2006-09-22. Last Launch: 2006-09-22. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 2.00 kg (4.40 lb).
HITSAT-OSCAR 59 - Alternate name of HITSAT 1 (Camatai, HITSAT-OSCAR 59, HO 59).
Hittenberger - German rocket technician in WW2; later worked in France at LRBA from 1947 to 1959 in the test stand group. Returned to Germany thereafter.
Hitter, Hans H - German Engineer. Rocket propulsion engineer and director of the Development Centre at Karlshagen. Died: 1970-01-01.
HIVHAC - NASA Cleveland electric/xenon rocket engine. HIVHAC offered mission benefits compared to the 4000s NEXT engine for deep space missions. Date: 2003-on. Thrust: 0.43 N (0.09 lbf). More at: Electric/Xenon
Hixson, Jean - American pilot, one of the Mercury 13 female astronauts proposed in 1961, but never entered training. Status: Deceased. Born: 1922. Died: 1984-01-01.
HJ 1A, 1B - Earth observation satellite built by DFH Satellite Co. Ltd of CAST for CRESDA, China. Launched 2008. Used CAST968B Bus. First Launch: 2008-09-06. Last Launch: 2008-09-06. Number: 1 .
HJ 1C - Earth observation, radar satellite built by DFH Satellite Co. Ltd of CAST for CRESDA, China. Launched 2012. Used CAST968B Bus. First Launch: 2012-11-18. Last Launch: 2012-11-18. Number: 1 .
HJ Hydac - American sounding rocket. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Hydac Status: Retired 1978. First Launch: 1976-04-01. Last Launch: 1978-03-01. Number: 9 . Gross mass: 2,600 kg (5,700 lb). Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Javelin - American sounding rocket. NASA/Canadian four-stage sounding rocket could reach altitudes of 850 km. Status: Retired 1977. First Launch: 1977-06-06. Last Launch: 1977-06-06. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Javelin-2 - Alternate name for Javelin 3 engine.
HJ NIke - American sounding rocket. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike Status: Retired 1969. First Launch: 1955-09-15. Last Launch: 1969-07-01. Number: 50 . Gross mass: 2,700 kg (5,900 lb). Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Nike Gosling - American test vehicle. Three stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike + 1 x Gosling Status: Retired 1960. First Launch: 1960-04-26. Last Launch: 1960-10-19. Number: 3 . Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Nike Hydac - American sounding rocket. Three stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike + 1 x Hydac Status: Retired 1988. First Launch: 1965-11-09. Last Launch: 1988-10-19. Number: 14 . Gross mass: 2,900 kg (6,300 lb). Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Nike Javelin - American sounding rocket. Three stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike + 1 x Javelin 3 Status: Retired 1975. First Launch: 1965-06-29. Last Launch: 1975-03-11. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 2,800 kg (6,100 lb). Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Nike Nike - American sounding rocket. Three stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike + 1 x Nike Status: Retired 1970. First Launch: 1957-10-25. Last Launch: 1970-06-20. Number: 30 . Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Nike Nike 20 inch SM - Four stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike + 1 x Nike + 1 x Cygnus 20 Status: Retired 1959. First Launch: 1959-03-17. Last Launch: 1959-03-17. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3,200 kg (7,000 lb). Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Nike Nike 20-inch SM - Alternate designation for HJ Nike Nike 20"SM.
HJ Nike Nike 20-inch SM - Alternate name of HJ Nike Nike 20 inch SM.
HJ Nike Nike 20-inch SM-4 - Alternate name for Cygnus 20.
HJ Nike Nike Recruit - American test vehicle. Four stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike + 1 x Nike + 1 x Recruit Status: Retired 1960. First Launch: 1958-10-06. Last Launch: 1960-08-03. Number: 5 . Gross mass: 1,300 kg (2,800 lb). Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Nike Nike Recruit T55 - American test vehicle. Five stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike + 1 x Nike + 1 x Recruit + 1 x T-55 Status: Retired 1960. First Launch: 1956-08-24. Last Launch: 1960-12-01. Number: 16 . Gross mass: 1,300 kg (2,800 lb). Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Nike Nike Recruit T55-5 - Alternate name for T-55.
HJ Nike Nike-3 - Alternate name for M5E1.
HJ Nike T40 - American test vehicle. Three stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike + 1 x T-40 Status: Retired 1956. First Launch: 1956-07-05. Last Launch: 1956-07-05. Number: 1 . Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Nike T40 T55 - American test vehicle. Four stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike + 1 x T-40 + 1 x T-55 Status: Retired 1956. First Launch: 1956-03-09. Last Launch: 1956-03-09. Number: 1 . Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Nike Tri-Deacon T40 - American test vehicle. Four stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike + 3 x Deacon + 1 x T-40 Status: Retired 1956. First Launch: 1956-06-08. Last Launch: 1956-06-08. Number: 1 . Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ Nike-1 - Alternate name for M-6.
HJ Orion - American sounding rocket. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Orion Status: Retired 1980. First Launch: 1980-07-31. Last Launch: 1980-10-18. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
HJ PRV - American sounding rocket. 4 stage vehicle consisting of 1 x M-6 + 1 x Nike + 1 x Skat + 1 x Recruit. Status: Retired 1969. First Launch: 1963-01-01. Last Launch: 1969-07-10. Number: 7 .
HJ-1 - Chinese civilian surveillance satellite. 2 launches, 2008.09.06 (Huan Jing-1A) to 2008.09.06 (Huan Jing-1B). Status: Operational 2008. Gross mass: 700 kg (1,540 lb).
HJ-73 - Chinese anti-tank missile. Derived from Soviet AT-3 Sagger. Hong-Jian=Red Arrow. Gross mass: 11 kg (25 lb).
HJ-8 - Chinese anti-tank missile. Indigenous design, derived from Soviet AT-3 Sagger. Fired from a tripod system. HJ, Hong Jian = Red Arrow, anti armor missile. Gross mass: 11 kg (25 lb). Payload: 4.10 kg (9.00 lb).
Hjornevik, Wesley L - American bureaucrat. In federal service from 1949, NASA from 1959. Associate Director for Manned Space flight, Houston, 1961-1969. Then went to other government departments, and finally state of Texas. Born: 1926-03-22. Died: 2000-10-19.
HK-Sat 1, 2 - Communication satellite built by IAI for HKTSG. Used the AMOS-HP Bus bus.
HL-10 - American manned spaceplane. 37 launches, 1966.12.22 to 1970.07.17 . The HL-10 was the favored lifting body configuration of NASA Langley in the 1960's. It reached Mach 1.86 and 27,700 m during its flight tests. Status: Operational 1966. Gross mass: 4,080 kg (8,990 lb). Unfuelled mass: 2,780 kg (6,120 lb). Thrust: 26.40 kN (5,935 lbf). More at: Lox/Alcohol
HL-20 - American manned spaceplane. The HL-20 was a 1988 NASA Langley design for a manned spaceplane as a backup to the space shuttle (in case it was abandoned or grounded) and as a CERV (Crew Emergency Return Vehicle) for the Freedom space station. Status: Design 1988. Gross mass: 10,884 kg (23,995 lb). Payload: 545 kg (1,201 lb).
HL-42 - American manned spaceplane. The HL-42 was a reusable, lifting body manned spacecraft designed in 1997 to be placed into low-Earth orbit by an expendable booster. Status: Design 1997. Gross mass: 21,093 kg (46,502 lb). Unfuelled mass: 19,093 kg (42,092 lb). Payload: 4,300 kg (9,400 lb). More at: Lox/LCH4
HLC - Abbreviation for Heavy Lift Capability
HLV - Abbreviation for Heavy Lift Vehicle
HLVOLSDP - Alternate name of DemoSat (HLVOLSDP).
HM-10 - SEP, Ottobrunn LOx/LH2 rocket engine. Developed 1990's. Engine for potential Ariane 5 upper stage. Status: Developed 1990's. Unfuelled mass: 145 kg (319 lb). Thrust: 61.80 kN (13,893 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
HM-16 - Japanese sounding rocket. Single stage vehicle. Status: Retired 1965. Thrust: 10.00 kN (2,248 lbf).
HM-16 engine - Mitsubishi solid rocket engine. HM-16 first stage. Status: Retired 1965. Gross mass: 100 kg (220 lb). More at: Solid
HM-16-1 - Alternate name for HM-16 engine.
HM58 - Alternate name of Falcon AIM-4D.
HM58 - Alternate name of Falcon AIM-4C.
HM7 - SEP, Ottobrunn LOx/LH2 rocket engine family used on Ariane booster upper stages.
HM-7 - Alternate name of HM7.
HM7-A - SEP, Ottobrunn LOx/LH2 rocket engine. Development begun 1973. Out of production. Used on Ariane 1 launch vehicle. First flight 1979. Status: Out of production. Number: 11 . Unfuelled mass: 149 kg (328 lb). Thrust: 61.70 kN (13,871 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
HM7-B - SEP, Ottobrunn LOx/LH2 rocket engine. Increased performance version of the HM-7 engine for the Ariane 2 and 3. Combustion chamber pressure raised from 30 to 35 bar and nozzle extended. First flight 1984. Number: 142 . Unfuelled mass: 155 kg (341 lb). Thrust: 70.00 kN (15,736 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
HMC - Halley Multicolor Camera (on Giotto)
HMX - Abbreviation for Solid propellant with nitramine additive
HN-5 - Chinese surface-to-air missile. HN, Hong Nu = Red Cherry, short range SAM, similar to SA-7.
HN-5A - Chinese surface-to-air missile. HN, Hong Nu = Red Cherry, short range SAM. Payload: 6.80 kg (14.90 lb).
HO 59 - Alternate name of HITSAT 1 (Camatai, HITSAT-OSCAR 59, HO 59).
HO 68 - Alternate name of XW 1 (CAS 1, HO 68, Hope-OSCAR 68).
Ho�oponopono 2, 3 - Radar calibration satellite for University of Hawaii, College of Engineering, Honolulu; USAF, USA. Launched 2013. Cubesat 3U bus. First Launch: 2013-11-20. Last Launch: 2013-11-20. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 4.00 kg (8.80 lb).
Hoag, Peter - American USAF test pilot. Flew the HL-10 lifting body and XB-70. Flew T-38 chase plane in the XB-70 midair collision of 6 June 1966. Status: Inactive.
Hobaugh, Charles Owen 'Scorch' - American test pilot astronaut 1996-2011. US Marine Corps. Flight record: 3 spaceflights, 36.3 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-104 (2001), STS-118, STS-129.. Status: Inactive; Active 1996-2011. Born: 1961-11-05. Spaceflights: 3 . Total time in space: 36.32 days.
Hoberg, Otto August - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1912-09-05. Died: 1991-02-03.
HOBOS - American Homing Bomb System.
Hoburg, Warren Woodrow - American astronaut, selected 2017. Engineer. Status: Active, 2017-on.. Born: 1986.
Hoch, Johannes - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the Soviet Union thereafter. Flight control technician; worked in the Soviet Union after WW2. One of the group that fired V-2 rockets at Kapustin Yar in 1946. Born: 1913. Died: 1955-01-01.
Hodge, John - British-American engineer. From 1952 worked at Avro. At NASA in flight controls from 1959 at Langley and Houston. 1982, Director of the Space Station Task Force, NASA HQ. Associate Administrator for Operations, Space Station, from 1986 Born: 1929.
Hodgson, Alfred S - American bureaucrat. At NASA from 1958. 1962-1968, leading administrative positions at NASA HQ. Born: 1912-08-24. Died: 1999-04-01.
Hodoyoshi - Satellite of the University of Tokyo and AXELSPACE, carried an imager with 6.8m resolution and 28 km swath. Sun synchronous orbit; 1100 GMT local time of the descending node. Technology, Earth observation satellite for University of Tokyo, NESTRA, Japan. Launched 2014. Status: Operational 2014. First Launch: 2014-06-19. Last Launch: 2014-11-06. Number: 3 . Gross mass: 58 kg (127 lb).
Hodoyoshi 1 - Technology, Earth observation satellite built by University of Tokyo, NESTRA, Axelspace for University of Tokyo, NESTRA, Japan. Launched 2014. First Launch: 2014-11-06. Last Launch: 2014-11-06. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 50 kg (110 lb).
Hodoyoshi 2 - Technology, Earth observation satellite for University of Tokyo, RISESat consortium, Japan. Gross mass: 50 kg (110 lb).
Hodoyoshi 4 - Technology, Earth observation satellite for University of Tokyo, NESTRA, Japan. Launched 2014. First Launch: 2014-06-19. Last Launch: 2014-06-19. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 64 kg (141 lb).
HOE - American anti-ballistic missile. Two stage vehicle used to test the Homing Overlay Experiment anti-ballistic missile kill vehicle. Status: Retired 1984. First Launch: 1983-02-07. Last Launch: 1984-06-10. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 35,000 kg (77,000 lb). Thrust: 935.00 kN (210,196 lbf).
Hoehne - German rocket engineer in WW2. Later worked in France at LRBA in the accelerometer group of the flight mechanics and control department from 1947-1952.
Hoelker, Rudi - German-American engineer. Member of the German rocket team, went to America after the first group. As of 1960, Deputy Director, Aeroballistics Division, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. Died at Cambridge, Massachusetts. Born: 1912-03-16. Died: 2003-06-14.
Hoelker, Rudolf Franz Maria - German-American expert in guided missiles during WW2. Member of the German rocket team, arrived in America under Project Paperclip on 1945.11.16 aboard the Argentina from La Havre. Born: 1912-03-16. Died: 2003-06-14.
Hoelzer, Helmut - German-American engineer. Worked at Peenemuende from 1939 on V-2 guidance system and Messina telemetry system. Led similar efforts for von Braun's later missiles, becoming Director, Computation Division, at Huntsville. Born: 1912-02-27. Died: 1987-10-12.
Hoernig, Otto William Jr - British engineer payload specialist astronaut, 1984-1986. Status: Inactive; Active 1984-1986. Born: 1938-07-21.
Hoeter, Bernhard - German expert in guided missiles during World War II. Stayed in Germany after the war.
Hoffman, Jeffrey Alan - American astrophysicist mission specialist astronaut 1978-1997. Flight record: 5 spaceflights, 50.5 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-51D (1985), STS-35, STS-46, STS-61, STS-75.. Status: Inactive; Active 1978-1997. Born: 1944-11-02. Spaceflights: 5 . Total time in space: 50.50 days.
Hoffman, Samuel K - American engineer. Head of Rocketdyne's Canoga Park, California Facility 1948-1971. Born: 1902-04-15. Died: 1995-06-26.
Hoffpauir, Michael Edward - American Army geologist payload specialist astronaut, 1990-1992. Status: Inactive; Active 1990-1992. Born: 1957-11-17.
Hogs - Alternate name of NASA-14 astronaut group, 1992.
Hohmann, Bernhard - German test pilot. Chief of Flight Development at Wright Field, consultant on astronaut flight safety on Mercury, Gemini, and MOL programs. Born: 1916-05-12. Died: 1984-05-11.
Hohmann, Walter - German architect who became interested in interplanetary spaceflight, defined the minimum energy transfer orbit which bears his name in 1916. Rocket enthusiast with VfR but broke off contact after military took over development. Born: 1880-03-18. Died: 1945-03-11.
Hokkaido - Japanese agency overseeing development of spacecraft. Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan.
Holaday, William M - American manager, special assistant to the secretary of defense for guided missiles 1957-1958, then DOD director of guided missiles in 1958 and chairman of the civilian-military liaison committee, 1958-1960. Born: 1901-03-20. Died: 1995-01-26.
Holder, Livingston Lionel Jr 'Livvy' - American engineer USAF spaceflight engineer astronaut, 1982-1988. Later worked for the Boeing Company, then Vice President of Space Systems, Andrews Space. Status: Inactive; Active 1982-1988. Born: 1956-09-29.
Holderer, Oskar F - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1919-11-04. Died: 2015-05-05.
Holloman - Holloman Air Development Center. Military missile and sounding rocket launch site. Also notable for several rocket-powered sleds, used to test a variety of manned and unmanned aircraft and aerospace vehicles at supersonic speeds. First Launch: 1948-05-26. Last Launch: 1961-09-01. Number: 175 .
Hollweck, Franz - German aviation engineer during World War II. Stayed in Germany after the war.
Holmes, Christopher John Nicholas - British physicist payload specialist astronaut, 1984-1986. Bachelor of Science in physics from the Queen Mary College, London, 1972. Physicist. Selected in 1984 for the British Skynet-Program. British National Space Center, London. Status: Inactive; Active 1984-1986. Born: 1950-07-10.
Holmes, D Brainard - American engineer and senior manager, at Bell 1945-1953; RCA, 1953-1961; Deputy Associate Administration for Manned Space Flight at NASA, 1961-1963. Thereafter at Raytheon 1963-1982, and Beechcraft from 1982. Born: 1921-05-24. Died: 2013-01-11.
Holmquest, Donald Lee - American physician astronaut, 1967-1973. Status: Inactive; Active 1967-1973. Born: 1939-04-07.
Holt, Ray Glynn - American physicist payload specialist astronaut, 1994-1995. Status: Inactive; Active 1994-1995. Born: 1959-11-28.
Holtoner, J Stanley - American test pilot. Flew the X-1. Commander of the Air Force Flight Test Center, Edwards Air Force Base, 1952-1957. Status: Inactive. Born: 1911-08-04. Died: 2010-12-17.
Holy Moses - Alternate designation for HVAR.
Homestead-Miami Defense Area - Controlled 41 Hawk batteries along the Gulf Coast providing air defense againt Cuba-launched attacks 1962-1979.
Honest John - Alternate designation for Taurus engine.
Honest John - Alternate designation for MGR-1A.
Honest John - The Honest John unguided single-stage solid-propellant US Army missile was developed by Douglas Aircraft. It was later used as the booster stage for a range of sounding rockets, test vehicles, and targets. Status: Retired 1986. First Launch: 1958-11-06. Last Launch: 1986-04-01. Number: 13 . Gross mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Thrust: 365.00 kN (82,055 lbf).
Honest John - Alternate designation for MGR-1B.
Honest John Nike Tomahawk - American suborbital test vehicle.
Honest John Tomahawk - American suborbital test vehicle.
Honeywell - American manufacturer of spacecraft. Honeywell, USA.
Hoopoe - Technology satellite for Space Laboratory of the�Herzliya Science Center, Greece. Launched 2017. Cubesat 2U bus. First Launch: 2017-04-18. Last Launch: 2017-04-18. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 2.00 kg (4.40 lb).
Hoover, George W - American naval officer and early space enthusiast, who, at ONR, became a driving force behind the Skyhook, D-558-1, and a supporter of von Braun's Project Orbiter. Born: 1915-04-24. Died: 1998-03-01.
Hoover, Herbert H - American test pilot. Flew the XS-1 # 2. Died in B-45 crash in 1952. Status: Inactive. Born: 1912-05-18. Died: 1952-08-14.
Hope - Alternate name of Al-Amal (Emirates Mars Mission, EMM, Hope).
HOPE - Japanese spaceplane. Study 1986. Like Europe, the National Space Development Agency had big plans to develop a large carrier rocket and manned 'H2 Orbiting Plane' (HOPE). Status: Study 1986. Gross mass: 13,000 kg (28,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 12,000 kg (26,000 lb). Payload: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb).
Hope Station - American manned space station. Douglas space station concept of the early 1960's using a spent Saturn S-IV stage and Gemini spacecraft as crew shuttles. Status: Design 1963.
Hope-OSCAR 68 - Alternate name of XW 1 (CAS 1, HO 68, Hope-OSCAR 68).
Hopi - The Hopi solid propellant rocket motor was used in a limited series of sounding rockets flown 1960-1964. Three versions of the Hopi , with a basic diameter of 4.5 inches (0.114 meters) were produced and flown in the brief production run.
Hopi 2.4KS5600 - RPI solid rocket engine. Status: Retired 1964. Gross mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Unfuelled mass: 8.00 kg (17.60 lb). Thrust: 28.00 kN (6,294 lbf). More at: Solid
Hopi 3.0KS4000 - RPI solid rocket engine. Status: Retired 1963. Gross mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Unfuelled mass: 7.00 kg (15.40 lb). Thrust: 26.40 kN (5,935 lbf). More at: Solid
Hopi 9.0KS1800 - RPI solid rocket engine. Status: Retired 1964. Gross mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Unfuelled mass: 9.00 kg (19.80 lb). Thrust: 7.70 kN (1,731 lbf). More at: Solid
Hopi Dart - American sounding rocket, flown by NASA Huntsville on aeronomy missions 1963-1964. The Hopi-Dart vehicle consisted of a Hopi III booster as first stage, and an unpowered dart as second stage. Status: Retired 1964. First Launch: 1963-02-28. Last Launch: 1964-11-23. Number: 22 . Gross mass: 38 kg (84 lb). Payload: 4.99 kg (11.00 lb).
Hopi III - Alternate name for Hopi 2.4KS5600.
Hopkins, Michael Scott - American scientist mission specialist astronaut, 2009-on. Flight record: 1 spaceflight, 166.3 days in space. Flew to orbit on Soyuz TMA-10M (2013).. Status: Active 2009-on. Born: 1968-12-28. Spaceflights: 1 . Total time in space: 166.27 days.
Horizon - HORIZON was a 1959 US Army study to establish a military lunar outpost. According to the project plan, by the end of 1964, a total of 40 SATURN vehicles would have been launched to assemble the necessary spacecraft and infrastructure in low earth orbit. Cargo delivery to the moon would begin in January 1965 with the first manned landing by two men in April 1965. The build-up and construction phase continued until the outpost would be manned by a task force of 12 men in November 1966.
Horizon LERV - American manned lunar lander. Study 1959. Lunar landing and return vehicle planned to take up to 16 crew to the lunar surface and back in the US Army's Project Horizon of 1959. Status: Study 1959.
Horizon Lunar Outpost - American manned lunar base. Study 1959. In 1959 the US Army completed a plan for a manned military outpost on the moon. Status: Study 1959.
Horizon Space Suit - American pressure suit, study of 1959. For sustained operation on the lunar surface Project Horizon advocated a 'body conformation suit' having a substantial outer metal surface. Status: Study 1959.
Horizon Station - American manned space station. Study 1959. Status: Study 1959.
Horizons - Series of satellites launched by Horizons Satellite Holdings LLC, a joint venture of Intelsat and the Japanese JSAT company.
Horizons 2 - Communication satellite built by Orbital Sciences Corporation (OSC) for PanAmSat & JSat, USA. Launched 2007. Used the Star-2 Bus bus. First Launch: 2007-12-21. Last Launch: 2007-12-21. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 2,304 kg (5,079 lb).
Horizons 3e - Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Intelsat, SKY Perfect JSAT, USA. Used the BSS-702MP bus. Gross mass: 6,500 kg (14,300 lb).
Horizontal Takeoff and Landing - Alternate designation for HOTOL rocket stage.
Horn, Helmut - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1912-06-24. Died: 1994-01-01.
Horner, Richard Elmer - American USAF officer, associated with aerospace activities through out his career, pilot during World War II, and duty between 1945 and 1949 as director of flight test engineering at Wright Field, Ohio. Secretary of the Air Force for R&D from 1956-1958. Involved in decisions regarding the earliest Air Force satellite and manned spacecraft programs. Born: 1917-10-24. Died: 2002-02-28.
Hornet AGM-64 - Rockwell (North American) air-to-surface missile. Gross mass: 57 kg (125 lb).
Horowitz, Norman H - American biologist, at Caltech from 1940, worked at JPL on the Viking Mars lander program. Born: 1915-03-19. Died: 2005-06-01.
Horowitz, Scott Jay 'Doc' - American test pilot astronaut 1992-2004. Grew up in Thousand Oaks, California. Left NASA for a position with ATK Thiokol, promoting shuttle-derived vehicles for use as the CEV launch vehicle. Flight record: 4 spaceflights, 47.4 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-75 (1996), STS-82, STS-101, STS-105.. Status: Inactive; Active 1992-2004. Born: 1957-03-24. Spaceflights: 4 . Total time in space: 47.45 days.
Horus - Alternate name of STARE A, B, C (Re, Horus).
Horus - German manned spaceplane. Hypersonic Orbital Upper Stage was part of the Saenger-II spaceplane studied in Germany from 1985-1993. It would have separated from the lower stage at Mach 6.6 and flown to orbit. Status: Study 1985. Payload: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb).
Horus - Alternate designation for Sanger II-2 rocket stage.
Horyu - Kyushu Institute of Technology satellite to study spacecraft charging effects and test a camera payload for Surrey Satellite (which observed the second stage after payload deployment to support development of improved propellant insulation). Technology satellite for Kyushu Institute of Technology (KIT), Japan. Launched 2012. Status: Operational 2012. First Launch: 2012-05-17. Last Launch: 2012-05-17. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 7.00 kg (15.40 lb).
Horyu 1 - Technology satellite for Kyushu Institute of Technology (KIT), Japan. Cubesat 1U bus. Gross mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb).
Horyu 3 - Technology satellite for Kyushu Institute of Technology (KIT), Japan. Cubesat 3U bus.
Horyu 4 - Technology satellite for Kyushu Institute of Technology (KIT), Japan. Launched 2016. First Launch: 2016-02-17. Last Launch: 2016-02-17. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 10 kg (22 lb).
Hosenthien, Hans Henning - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1905-05-26. Died: 1996-07-03.
Hoshide, Akihiko - Japanese engineer mission specialist astronaut 1999-on. Underwent cosmonaut training in Russia, then astronaut training in USA. Flight record: 2 spaceflights, 140.7 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-124 (2008), Soyuz TMA-05M.. Status: Active 1999-on. Born: 1968-12-28. Spaceflights: 2 . Total time in space: 140.73 days.
Hot - French anti-tank missile. Antitank, long-range. Joint Franco-German weapon. Hot 1 and 2 versions with 9.7 km range. Status: Operational 1976. Gross mass: 24 kg (52 lb). Payload: 5.00 kg (11.00 lb).
Hot Bird - Communications satellite series for Eutelsat.
Hot Bird 1 - Communication (Direct Broadcasting) satellite built by Aerospatiale for Eutelsat, International. Launched 1995. Used the Spacebus-2000 bus. First Launch: 1995-03-28. Last Launch: 1995-03-28. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 1,780 kg (3,920 lb).
Hot Bird 2, 3, 4, 5 - Communication (Direct Broadcasting) satellite built by British Aerospace and Matra Marconi => Astrium for Eutelsat, International. Launched 1996 - 1998. Used the Eurostar-2000+ bus. First Launch: 1996-11-21. Last Launch: 1998-10-09. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 2,900 kg (6,300 lb).
Hot Bird 6 - Communication (Direct Broadcasting) satellite built by Alcatel Space for Eutelsat, International. Launched 2002. Used the Spacebus-3000B3 bus. First Launch: 2002-08-21. Last Launch: 2002-08-21. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3,905 kg (8,609 lb).
Hot Bird 7 - Communication (Direct Broadcasting) satellite built by Astrium for Eutelsat, International. Launched 2002. Used the Eurostar-2000+ bus. First Launch: 2002-12-11. Last Launch: 2002-12-11. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3,400 kg (7,400 lb).
Hot Bird 7A - Communication (Direct Broadcasting) satellite built by Alcatel Alenia Space (formerly Alcatel Space) for Eutelsat, International. Launched 2006. Used the Spacebus-3000B3 bus. First Launch: 2006-03-11. Last Launch: 2006-03-11. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 4,100 kg (9,000 lb).
Hot Bird 8, 9, 10 - Communication (Direct Broadcasting) satellite built by EADS Astrium for Eutelsat, International. Launched 2006 - 2009. Used the Eurostar-3000 bus. First Launch: 2006-08-04. Last Launch: 2009-02-12. Number: 3 . Gross mass: 4,875 kg (10,747 lb).
HOTOL - This single-stage-to-orbit winged horizontal takeoff/horizontal landing launch vehicle concept was powered by the unique Rolls-Royce RB545 air / liquid hydrogen / liquid oxygen rocket engine. HOTOL development was conducted from 1982 to 1986 before the British government withdrew funding. It was superseded by the Interim HOTOL design which sought to reduce development cost through use of existing LOx/LH2 engines. Status: Cancelled 1985. Gross mass: 250,000 kg (550,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 50,000 kg (110,000 lb). Thrust: 3,152.20 kN (708,643 lbf).
HOTROC - Alternate designation for Project Pilot.
HOTROC - NOTS solid rocket engine. Project Pilot first stage. Status: Retired 1958. Gross mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Unfuelled mass: 27 kg (59 lb). Thrust: 63.20 kN (14,208 lbf). More at: Solid
Houbolt, John C - American engineer, at NASA 1945-1985. Promoted the lunar orbit rendezvous strategy used for the Apollo lunar landing. Born: 1919-04-10. Died: 2014-04-15.
Hound Dog - Alternate designation for AGM-28A.
Hound Dog - First American air-launched cruise missile to become operational. Based on Navaho technology. Status: Retired 1976. First Launch: 1959-04-23. Last Launch: 1965-08-30. Number: 77 . Gross mass: 4,600 kg (10,100 lb).
Hound Dog - Alternate designation for AGM-28B.
Houston - American manufacturer. Houston, USA.
Houwteq - South African manufacturer.
HP-1 - Notional LOx/LH2 rocket engine. Study 1963. Operational date would have been December 1974. Used in Martin Nova studies MM 24G, MM 33. Status: Study 1963. Thrust: 6,536.00 kN (1,469,351 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
HP2 - Chinese sounding rocket. Two-stage solid propellant sounding rocket. Evidently used two of the first stage motors developed for the T-7A in tandem. Replaced the T-7 from 1970 on. Used for routine measurement of the upper atmosphere. Status: Out of production. Gross mass: 330 kg (720 lb). Payload: 15 kg (33 lb).
HP6 - Chinese sounding rocket. Lightweight single stage solid propellant sounding rocket. Used for routine measurement of the upper atmosphere. Status: Out of production. Gross mass: 60 kg (132 lb). Payload: 3.00 kg (6.60 lb).
HPAG - American test vehicle. Single stage vehicle. Status: Active. Thrust: 12.00 kN (2,697 lbf).
HPAG Deacon - American test vehicle. Two stage vehicles consisting of HPAG boosters + 1 x Deacon Status: Retired 1953. First Launch: 1953-07-24. Last Launch: 1953-07-24. Number: 1 . Thrust: 12.00 kN (2,697 lbf).
HPAG engine - NOTS solid rocket engine. Nike Nike HPAG third stage. Status: Retired 1954. Gross mass: 30 kg (66 lb). Unfuelled mass: 12 kg (26 lb). Thrust: 12.50 kN (2,810 lbf). More at: Solid
HPB - American sounding rocket. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Talos + 1 x M56A1 Status: Retired 1993. First Launch: 1990-01-30. Last Launch: 1993-02-11. Number: 6 . Gross mass: 9,100 kg (20,000 lb).
HQ-2J - Chinese surface-to-air missile. HQ, Hong Qi = Red Flag, medium/long range SAM, similar to SA-2. Payload: 193 kg (425 lb).
HQ-61 - Chinese surface-to-air missile. Indigenous design. Naval version known as RF-61. Gross mass: 319 kg (703 lb).
HQ-61M - Chinese surface-to-air missile. HQ, Hong Qi = Red Flag, medium/long range SAM. Gross mass: 299 kg (659 lb).
HQ-7 - Chinese surface-to-air missile. Similar to French Crotale. Gross mass: 84 kg (185 lb).
HR - Hertzsprung-Russell (diagram)
hr, hrs - hour, hours
HRI - High Resolution Imager (on ROSAT)
HRMS - Abbreviation for High Resolution Microwave Survey
HRV - Servicing satellite built by TBD for NASA.
HS 301 - Hughes satellite bus used for the Syncom satellites.
HS 303 - Hughes satellite bus used for the Intelsat-1 and -2 series.
HS 306 - Hughes satellite bus used for the ATS 1-5 satellites.
HS 308 - Hughes satellite bus used for the TACSAT-1 satellite.
HS 312 / HS 351 / HS 353 - Hughes satellite bus used for the Intelsat-4 and Comsat satellite series.
HS 331 - Satellite bus built by Boeing (ex Hughes), USA.
HS 333 - American communications satellite. The satellites, act as space repeaters capable of receiving transmissions from earth stations and retransmitting them to other earth stations in Canada. Status: Operational 1972. First Launch: 1972-11-10. Last Launch: 1979-08-10. Number: 8 . Gross mass: 574 kg (1,265 lb).
HS 335 / HS 378 - Hughes satellite bus used for the GMS / Himawari satellite series.
HS 371 - Hughes satellite bus used for the GOES-4 to -7 satellites.
HS 373 - Satellite bus built by Boeing (ex Hughes), USA.
HS 376 - American communications satellite. Mass 654 kg at beginning-of-life in geosynchronous orbit. Spin stabilized at 50 rpm by 4 hydrazine thrusters with 136 kg propellant. Status: Operational 1980. First Launch: 1980-11-15. Last Launch: 2003-09-27. Number: 60 . Gross mass: 2,800 kg (6,100 lb).
HS 376W - American communications satellite. Based on Hughes HS-376, single antenna on despun platform, spin stabilized, hydrazine thrusters, body mounted solar cells provide 982 W BOL. Status: Operational 1994. First Launch: 1994-08-10. Last Launch: 2000-08-17. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 1,770 kg (3,900 lb).
HS 381 - American military communications satellite. The Leasat HS 381 series was developed as a commercial venture to provide dedicated communications services to the U. S. military. Status: Operational 1984. First Launch: 1984-08-30. Last Launch: 1985-08-27. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 1,330 kg (2,930 lb).
HS 381 / HS 386 - Hughes satellite bus used for the Leasat and Quasar satellites.
HS 389 - Hughes satellite bus used for the Intelsat 600 series of satellites.
HS 393 - American communications satellite. Domestic communication. Launching states: Japan, France, USA. At the time, these were the largest commercial spacecraft ever built. Status: Operational 1989. First Launch: 1989-03-06. Last Launch: 1991-10-29. Number: 7 . Gross mass: 4,330 kg (9,540 lb).
HS 401 - Satellite bus built by Boeing (ex Hughes), USA.
HS 507 - Satellite bus built by Boeing (ex Hughes), USA.
HS 601 - American communications satellite bus. 3-axis unified ARC 22 N and one Marquardt 490 N bipropellant thrusters, Sun and Barnes Earth sensors and two 61 Nms 2-axis gimbaled momentum bias wheels. Status: Operational 1990. First Launch: 1990-01-09. Last Launch: 2014-01-24. Number: 79 . Gross mass: 4,135 kg (9,116 lb).
HS 702 - American communications satellite bus. In October 1995 Hughes Space and Communications Company announced a new communications satellite bus, the HS 702, evolved from the HS 601 and HS 601HP (high-power). The HS 702 could carry up to 118 high-power transponders, of which 94 were active and 24 were spares, and deliver any communications frequencies that customers requested. The company was later acquired by Boeing, which redesignated the bus BSS 702. Status: Operational 1999. First Launch: 1999-03-28. Last Launch: 2015-10-02. Number: 38 . Gross mass: 5,200 kg (11,400 lb).
Hs-117 - Alternate designation for Schmetterling.
HS-9 - Alternate name of RLV-SB (HS-9).
HSCC - Historical Services and Consultants Company
Hsiung Feng 2 - Taiwanese anti-ship missile. Gross mass: 519 kg (1,144 lb). Payload: 224 kg (493 lb).
HSM-3B - Alternate designation for STS-109 manned spaceflight.
HSM-5 - Alternate designation for STS-128A manned spaceflight.
HSM-80A - Alternate designation for Minuteman 1B.
HSM-80B - Alternate designation for LGM-30C.
HSM-80B - Alternate designation for Minuteman 2.
HSM-SM3B - Alternate name for STS-109.
HSP - High Speed Photometer (on HST)
HSS - Abbreviation for Habitability Support System
HST - Alternate designation for STS-31.
HST - American visible astronomy satellite. The Hubble Space Telescope was designed to provide a space telescope with an order of magnitude better resolution than ground-based instruments. Astronomy satellite built by Lockheed for NASA, ESA, Europe. Launched 1990. Status: Operational 1990. First Launch: 1990-04-24. Last Launch: 1990-04-24. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 10,863 kg (23,948 lb).
HST-SM1 - Alternate name for STS-61.
HST-SM2 - Alternate name for STS-82.
HST-SM3A - Alternate name for STS-103.
HST-SM4 - Alternate designation for STS-125 manned spaceflight.
HSTV - Abbreviation for Half-scale test vehicle
HSV - American manufacturer of rockets., USA.
HTHL - Abbreviation for Horizontal Takeoff Horizontal Landing
HTPB - Abbreviation for Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene
HTR - Nammo LOx/Solid hybrid rocket engine. Thrust: 30.00 kN (6,744 lbf). More at: Lox/Solid
HTSTL - Chinese technology satellite.hinese technology satellite. 50 kg test satellite, built by university students, was to have been placed in a 300 km polar orbit. Status: Operational 2002. First Launch: 2002-09-15. Last Launch: 2003-09-16. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 50 kg (110 lb).
HTV - Alternate designation for AeroHTV.
HTV - Japanese unmanned spacecraft designed for launch by the H-IIB launch vehicle for International Space Station resupply. The HTV carried International Standard Payload Racks, and was docked using the ISS robot arm after rendezvous with the station. Supply satellite operated by JAXA (ex NASDA), Japan. Launched 2009 - 2016. Status: Operational 2009. First Launch: 2009-09-10. Last Launch: 2015-08-19. Number: 5 . Gross mass: 15,000 kg (33,000 lb). Payload: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb).
HTVL - Abbreviation for Horizontal Takeoff Vertical Landing
HTV-X 1, 2, 3 - Supply satellite built by Japan.
Hu Zhanzi - Chinese pilot taikonaut, 1971, but program cancelled less than a year later. Joined PLA in 1958. He was a PLAAF pilot when selected. Selected as Chinese astronaut in March 1971. Status: Inactive.
Huan Jing - 'Environment' satellites that carried visible and infrared sensors. Used the CAST2000 bus.
Huang Weilu - Chinese Engineer. Chief Designer for Chinese submarine-launched ballistic missiles. Born: 1916.
Hubble - Hubble
Hubble Robotic Vehicle - Alternate name of HRV (Hubble Robotic Vehicle).
Hubble Space Telescope - Full name of the HST visible astronomy satellite.
Huebenner - German expert in guided missiles during World War II. Stayed in Germany after the war.
Hueco Range - Alternate name for Fort Bliss.
Hueter, Hans - German-Swiss engineer. Member of the German Rocket Team in the United States after WW2. Born: 1906-03-21. Died: 1970-09-06.
Huettuer, Lothar - German expert in guided missiles during World War II. Stayed in Germany after the war.
Hughes - American manufacturer of rockets, spacecraft, and rocket engines. Hughes Aircraft Co., USA
Hughes - First name of El Segundo.
Hughes Aircraft Co - Second name of Hughes.
Hughes astronaut group, 1984 -
Hughes Communications Inc. - Fifth name of El Segundo.
Hughes Network Systems - Fourth name of El Segundo.
Hughes Space and Communications - Second name of El Segundo.
Hughes Tool Co - First name of Hughes.
Hughes-Fulford, Millie Elizabeth - American biologist payload specialist astronaut 1984-1991. Biochemist. US Army Flight record: 1 spaceflight, 9.1 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-40 (1991).. Status: Inactive; Active 1984-1991. Born: 1945-12-21. Spaceflights: 1 . Total time in space: 9.09 days.
Hugo - American two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Terrier + 1 x Cajun. Status: Retired 1964. First Launch: 1961-06-27. Last Launch: 1964-09-30. Number: 4 .
Hugo III - Alternate designation for Hugo.
Hujsak, Edward J - American engineer. Designer of rocket engines and advanced launch vehicle designs; worked on the Rascal, Atlas, Centaur, and Space Station programs. Born: 1925-02-01.
Human Lunar Return - American manned lunar base. Study 1996. Status: Study 1996.
HummerSat 1, 1A - Alternate name of FN 1, 1A (HummerSat 1, 1A).
Hummingbird MQ-18 - American unmanned long-endurance helicopter.
Humphrey, Hubert H - American politician, in Senate 1949-1964 and 1971-1978, Vice President 1965-1969. In 1958 pressed for creation of a cabinet-level Department of Science and Technology, but defeated by Eisenhower's proposal to establish NASA. Born: 1911-05-27. Died: 1978-01-13.
HumSat-D - Technology satellite for Universidade de Vigo, Spain. Launched 2013. Cubesat 1U bus. First Launch: 2013-11-21. Last Launch: 2013-11-21. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb).
Hungarian AF - Hungarian AF.
Hungary - Hungary
Hunsaker, Jerome C - American engineer. Organized and headed department of aeronautical engineering at MIT, 1939-1951. Influential, and discouraged development of jet and rocket propulsion in the US before 1945. Born: 1886-08-26. Died: 1984-09-10.
Hunter BQM-155 - Northrop Grumman (TRW/IAI) ground-launched drone.
Hurley, Douglas Gerald - American test pilot astronaut 2000-on. US Marine Corps. Flight record: 2 spaceflights, 28.5 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-127 (2009), STS-135.. Status: Active 2000-on. Born: 1966-10-21. Spaceflights: 2 . Total time in space: 28.47 days.
Husband, Rick Douglas - American test pilot astronaut 1994-2003. Perished in Columbia shuttle disintegration during re-entry. Flight record: 2 spaceflights, 25.7 days in space. Flew to orbit on STS-96 (1999), STS-107.. Status: Deceased; Active 1994-2003. Born: 1957-07-12. Died: 2003-02-01. Spaceflights: 2 . Total time in space: 25.73 days.
HuskySat 1 - Technology satellite for University of Washington, Seattle, USA. Cubesat 3U bus. Gross mass: 0 kg (0 lb).
Husser, F - German Luftwaffe Me-163 test pilot.
Hustler APU - Aerojet isopropylnitrate monopropellant rocket engine. B-58. Development begun 1953. APU for the Hustler 'controlled bomb pod', which was really a long range air to surface strategic missile Date: 1953. More at: Isopropylnitrate
HUT - Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (ASTRO package)
Huygens - European outer planets probe. Titan landing probe; attached to Cassini spacecraft. Status: Operational 1997. First Launch: 1997-10-15. Last Launch: 1997-10-15. Number: 1 .
Huzel, Dieter Karl F - German engineer in WW2, member of the Rocket Team in the United States thereafter. Born: 1912-06-03. Died: 1994-11-02.
HV - Abbreviation for High Voltage
HVAR - American air-to-air rocket. High-Velocity Air Rocket. An unguided fighter weapon, it was later adapted for use by NACA in the early 1950's to boost subscale aerodynamic models to supersonic speed. Status: Retired 1957. First Launch: 1945-10-13. Last Launch: 1957-02-15. Number: 32 . Gross mass: 63 kg (138 lb). Payload: 2.40 kg (5.20 lb). Thrust: 25.00 kN (5,620 lbf). More at: Solid
HVAR FFAR - American test vehicle. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x HVAR + 1 x Mk7 Status: Retired 1952. First Launch: 1947-04-24. Last Launch: 1952-11-14. Number: 12 . Gross mass: 65 kg (143 lb). Thrust: 25.00 kN (5,620 lbf).
HVM - American anti-tank missile.
HVP - Alternate name for Peenemuende.
HVSR - American 5-Inch Bombardment Rocket.
HW-1 - Johannes Winkler was a founding member and president of the VfR. On 14 March 1931, his HW-1 lifted off from a field outside of Dessau, Germany, becoming the first liquid fuel rocket in Europe to be successfully launched. Status: Retired 1931. First Launch: 1931-02-21. Last Launch: 1931-03-14. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 5.00 kg (11.00 lb).
HW-2 - German sounding rocket. Johannes Winkler followed up his experimental HW-1 by the much larger and ambitious HW-2, which had an aerodynamic teardrop-shaped outer shell and a very respectful fuel mass fraction of 72% using an aluminum-magnesium structure. Status: Retired 1932. First Launch: 1932-10-06. Last Launch: 1932-10-06. Number: 1 .
Hwangju - North Korean missile launch position.
Hwasong - North Korean short range ballistic missile. Single stage tactical ballistic missile. Derived from Russian 9K72 Elbrus (SS-1c Scud B). The Hwasong 5-derivative has a 340 km range. The Hwasong 6-derivative has a 500 km range. Status: Operational 1984. First Launch: 1984-04-01. Last Launch: 1994-01-01. Gross mass: 5,860 kg (12,910 lb). Thrust: 90.00 kN (20,232 lbf).
Hwasong 1 - North Korean version of 3R10 Luna-2 FROG-5 ractical unguided rocket.
Hwasong 10 - North Korean mobile intermediate range ballistic missile based on Russian R-27 SLBM. Status: In development 2017. First Launch: 2016-06-21. Last Launch: 2016-06-21. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 20,000 kg (44,000 lb). Payload: 1,000 kg (2,200 lb). More at: N2O4/UDMH
Hwasong 11 - North Korean reverse-engineered locally produced modification of the OTR-21 Tochka short-range ballistic missile.
Hwasong 12 - North Korean liquid propellant IRBM. First tested May 2017 on a lofted trajectory to 2110 km, indicating a ballistic range of 4500 km. First Launch: 2017-05-13. Last Launch: 2017-09-14. Number: 2 .
Hwasong 13 - North Korean road-mobile intercontinental ballistic missile.
Hwasong 14 - North Korean intercontinental range ballistic missile. First Launch: 2017-07-04. Last Launch: 2017-07-28. Number: 2 .
Hwasong 15 - North Korean intercontinental range ballistic missile. First Launch: 2017-11-28. Last Launch: 2017-11-28. Number: 1 .
Hwasong 2 - North Korean surface-to-surface version of S-75/HQ-2/SA-2 SAM.
Hwasong 3 - North Korean version of Luna-M ractical unguided rocket.
Hwasong 4 - North Korean version of DF-61 ballistic missile.
Hwasong 5 - North Korean mobile liquid propellant single stage tactical ballistic missile. Reverse-engineered from Russian R-17's provided by Egypt around 1980. Often referred to as 'Scud-B'. 340 km range compared to 300 km for the original R-17 design. Status: Active. First Launch: 1984-04-01. Last Launch: 2014-02-27. Number: 7 . Gross mass: 5,860 kg (12,910 lb). Payload: 1,000 kg (2,200 lb). Thrust: 90.00 kN (20,232 lbf).
Hwasong 5 stage - Nitric acid/Kerosene propellant rocket stage. Status: Retired 1984. Gross mass: 5,000 kg (11,000 lb). Thrust: 93.00 kN (20,907 lbf). More at: Nitric acid/Kerosene
Hwasong 6 - North Korean mobile liquid propellant single stage tactical ballistic missile. Derived from Russian R-17, often referred to as 'Scud-C'. The Hwasong had a 500 km range, achieved by halving the payload. Status: Active. First Launch: 1990-06-01. Last Launch: 2017-05-28. Number: 32 . Gross mass: 5,000 kg (11,000 lb). Payload: 500 kg (1,100 lb). Thrust: 90.00 kN (20,232 lbf).
Hwasong 6 stage - Nitric acid/Kerosene propellant rocket stage. Status: Active. Gross mass: 5,000 kg (11,000 lb). Thrust: 93.00 kN (20,907 lbf). More at: Nitric acid/Kerosene
Hwasong 7 - North Korean mobile liquid propellant single stage tactical ballistic missile. Derived from Russian R-17, often referred to as 'Scud-D'. The Hwasong had a 700 km range with a 500 kg payload and went into service in 1994. Status: Active. First Launch: 2016-07-18. Last Launch: 2017-04-04. Number: 10 . Gross mass: 5,000 kg (11,000 lb). Payload: 500 kg (1,100 lb). Thrust: 90.00 kN (20,232 lbf).
Hwasong 9 - North Korean short range ballistic missile.
HXLV - Variant of Pegasus air-dropped launch vehicle for suborbital tests of the X-43 scramjet test vehicle.
HXMT - Chinese Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope astronomy satellite. Gross mass: 500 kg (1,100 lb).
HY 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D - Oceanograpy satellite operated by CAST, China. Launched 2011. First Launch: 2011-08-15. Last Launch: 2011-08-15. Number: 1 .
HY-1 - Chinese earth land resources satellite. Operational, launched from 2002.05.15 (Hai Yang 1). Oceanograpy satellite built by DFH Satellite Co. Ltd of CAST for CAST, China. Launched 2002 - 2007. Used CAST968B Bus. Status: Operational 2002. First Launch: 2002-05-15. Last Launch: 2007-04-11. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 340 kg (740 lb).
HY-1 SY-1 - Chinese anti-ship missile. Ship- and land-launched versions.
HY-2 - Chinese short range cruise missile. Development of the HY-2 radar-guided version was conducted in 1965-1970. It became widely exported in the 1980's/1990's. An HY-2A version was developed in the early 1980's with infrared homing. Status: Operational 1978.
HY-2 C-201 - Chinese short range cruise missile. Coastal defense version. Status: Operational 1978. Gross mass: 2,992 kg (6,596 lb). Payload: 510 kg (1,120 lb).
HY-2 C-601 - Chinese short range cruise missile. Air-launched HY-2 derivative. Active monopulse radar seeker. Gross mass: 2,439 kg (5,377 lb). Payload: 510 kg (1,120 lb).
HY-3 C-101 - Chinese short range cruise missile. C-301 (aka: HY-3) is a coastal defense version of the C-101 with 4 solid propellant boosters and a 70 nm range. Status: Operational 1992. Gross mass: 2,200 kg (4,800 lb). Payload: 400 kg (880 lb).
HY-3 C-301 - Chinese short range cruise missile. Coastal defense version of C-101 with 4 spr. boosters. Status: Operational 1995. Gross mass: 3,350 kg (7,380 lb). Payload: 500 kg (1,100 lb).
HY-4 C-201W - Chinese anti-ship missile. Improved HY-2, primarily for coastal defense but air-launch version available. Exported as C201W. Status: Operational 1985. Gross mass: 1,736 kg (3,827 lb). Payload: 500 kg (1,100 lb).
HY-5 C-801 - Chinese air-to-surface missile. Ship-launched. Certified in 1987. Active monopulse radar seeker. Gross mass: 813 kg (1,792 lb). Payload: 250 kg (550 lb).
HY-61M - Alternate name of HQ-61M.
Hyatt, Abraham - American engineer. Navy chief aeronautics scientist, 1948-1958. Director positions at NASA, 1959-1964. After 1965 corporate director at NA. Born: 1910-07-15. Died: 1998-09-25.
Hybrid - Category of engines.
Hybrid Test Rocket - American sounding rocket. Single stage vehicle. Status: Active. First Launch: 2007-05-03. Last Launch: 2007-05-03. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 500 kg (1,100 lb).
Hybrid Test Rocket-1 - LOx/Solid propellant rocket stage. Thrust 30.00 kN. Status: Active. Gross mass: 500 kg (1,100 lb). Thrust: 30.00 kN (6,744 lbf). More at: Lox/Solid
Hydac - Lockheed solid rocket motor. Upper stage for several sounding rockets and test vehicles of 1963-1988. Status: Retired 1988. Gross mass: 253 kg (557 lb). Unfuelled mass: 70 kg (154 lb). Thrust: 45.50 kN (10,229 lbf). More at: Solid
Hydra Sandhawk - American sounding rocket. Status: Retired 1973. First Launch: 1971-11-18. Last Launch: 1973-04-26. Number: 2 . Gross mass: 1,200 kg (2,600 lb).
Hydra-Iris - American sounding rocket. Two stage underwater-launched vehicle consisting of 3 x Sparrow motors in the booster stage and an Iris upper stage. Status: Retired 1968. First Launch: 1964-08-10. Last Launch: 1968-11-03. Number: 8 . Gross mass: 700 kg (1,540 lb). Thrust: 105.00 kN (23,604 lbf).
Hydra-Iris-0 - Alternate name for Sparrow.
Hydra-Iris-1 - Alternate name for MARC 13A1.
Hydrazine - Hydrazine (N2H4) found early use as a fuel, but it was quickly replaced by UDMH. It is still used as a monopropellant for satellite station-keeping motors.
Hydros - Earth Science satellite built by General Dynamics (Spectrum Astro) for NASA. Used the SA-200HP bus.
Hydyne - Hydyne was a propellant blend pushed rather vigorously by the Redstone arsenal in the late 1950's, but it found little application. Hydyne, which is also known as MAF-4, is a 60 per cent, by weight, mixture of UDMH and 40 weight percent diethyltrianine (DETA).
Hyflex - Japanese spaceplane. Unmanned testbed for Japanese HOPE spaceplane. Gross mass: 1,050 kg (2,310 lb).
HyFly - American demonstrator for a hypersonic Mach 6+ ramjet-powered cruise missile.
Hylas - Series of Indian communications satellites using the I-2K bus.
HYLAS 1 - Communication satellite built by EADS Astrium (payload), ANTRIX/ISRO (bus) for Avanti Communications Group plc, UK. Launched 2010. Used the I-2K (I-2000) Bus bus. First Launch: 2010-11-26. Last Launch: 2010-11-26. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 2,570 kg (5,660 lb).
HYLAS 2 - Communication satellite built by Orbital Sciences Corporation (OSC) for Avanti Communications Group plc, UK. Launched 2012. Used the Star-2.4 Bus bus. First Launch: 2012-08-02. Last Launch: 2012-08-02. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 3,311 kg (7,299 lb).
HYLAS 2B - Alternate name of Astra 5B (HYLAS 2B).
HYLAS 4 - Communication satellite built by Orbital Sciences Corporation (OSC) for Avanti Communications Group plc. Used the GEOStar-3 bus. Gross mass: 4,000 kg (8,800 lb).
Hyper - American spaceplane.
Hyper X - American test vehicle. Two stage vehicle consisting of 1 x NB-52 + 1 x Orion 50S Status: Retired 2004. First Launch: 2001-06-02. Last Launch: 2004-11-16. Number: 3 . Gross mass: 18,800 kg (41,400 lb). Thrust: 726.00 kN (163,211 lbf).
hypergolic - A term used to describe propellants that ignite spontaneously on contact with an oxidizer; a self-igniting fuel, propellant, or propulsion system.
Hyperion - American sounding rocket. Series of single-stage sounding rockets using eAc hybrid propulsion. Status: Retired 1997. First Launch: 1996-11-15. Last Launch: 1997-04-25. Number: 4 . Gross mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Payload: 145,000 kg (319,000 lb). Thrust: 1,090,000.00 kN (245,040,000 lbf).
Hyperion 1958 - American nuclear-powered orbital launch vehicle. Hyperion was considered in 1958 as a ca. 1970 Saturn follow-on. It used a small jettisonable chemical booster stage that contained chemical engines and the LOX oxidizer for the conventional engines. Status: Study 1959. Gross mass: 850,000 kg (1,870,000 lb). Payload: 145,000 kg (319,000 lb). Thrust: 10,700.00 kN (2,405,400 lbf).
Hyperion Booster - LOx/LH2 propellant rocket stage. . Status: Study 1959. Gross mass: 394,625 kg (869,999 lb). Unfuelled mass: 18,144 kg (40,000 lb). Thrust: 13,700.00 kN (3,079,800 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
Hyperion engine - eAc hybrid N2O/Solid rocket engine. Number: 1 . Gross mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Unfuelled mass: 46 kg (101 lb). Thrust: 6.00 kN (1,349 lbf). More at: N2O/Solid
Hyperion SSTO - American sled-launched SSTO VTOVL orbital launch vehicle. Study 1966. Yet another of Philip Bono's single-stage-to-orbit designs of the 1960's, using a plug-nozzle engine for ascent and as a re-entry heat shield. Hyperion would have taken 18,100 kg of payload or 110 passengers to orbit or on 45 minute flights to any point on earth. Hyperion used a sled for launch, which would have seriously hurt its utility. The sled gave a 300 m/s boost to the vehicle before it ascended to orbit. The sled would have 3 km of straight course, followed by 1 km up a mountainside, with a 3 G acceleration. Status: Study 1968. Gross mass: 470,000 kg (1,030,000 lb). Payload: 18,100 kg (39,900 lb). Thrust: 6,160.00 kN (1,384,820 lbf).
Hyperion SSTO stage - LOx/LH2 propellant rocket stage. All values estimated based on drawing, statement that 5 x mass of SASSTO, payload performance, and 300 m/s sled velocity augmentation. Status: Study 1968. Gross mass: 450,000 kg (990,000 lb). Unfuelled mass: 44,000 kg (97,000 lb). Thrust: 7,840.00 kN (1,762,500 lbf). More at: Lox/LH2
Hyperion Sustainer - Nuclear/LH2 propellant rocket stage. . Status: Study 1959. Gross mass: 453,592 kg (999,999 lb). Unfuelled mass: 110,000 kg (240,000 lb). Thrust: 5,782.68 kN (1,299,998 lbf). More at: Nuclear/LH2
Hyperion-1 - Solid rocket stage. 6.00 kN (1,349 lbf) thrust. Mass 100 kg (220 lb). Status: Retired 1997. Gross mass: 100 kg (220 lb). Unfuelled mass: 46 kg (101 lb). Thrust: 6.00 kN (1,349 lbf). More at: Solid
Hypersonic Flight Experiment - Alternate designation for Hyflex spaceplane.
Hypersonic Glide Vehicle - Alternate designation for HGV spaceplane.
Hypersonic Weapon And R&D System - Alternate designation for Hywards manned combat spacecraft.
Hyper-X - Alternate designation for X-43 spaceplane.
HySpecIQ 1, 2 - Earth observingsatellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for HySpecIQ.
HYSR - American sounding rocket. Hybrid single stage rocket intended to replace multiple-stage sounding rockets. Status: Retired 2002. First Launch: 2002-12-18. Last Launch: 2002-12-18. Number: 1 . Thrust: 264.00 kN (59,349 lbf).
HYSR-1 - LOx/Solid propellant rocket stage. Thrust 270.00 kN. Status: Retired 2002. Thrust: 270.00 kN (60,690 lbf). More at: Lox/Solid
HySTP - Alternate designation for X-30.
Hytex - German manned rocketplane. Study 1995. Following the cancellation of Saenger II, Germany briefly considered a manned X-15/NASP type flight test vehicle (HYTEX) capable of Mach 6 flight. This too was cancelled for cost reasons. Status: Study 1995.
Hyunmoo-1 - South Korean surface-to-aurface missile. South Korea displayed a modification of the Nike Hercules with a new monolithic single-engine solid propellant stage of South Korean manufacture. The modification had guidance changes allowing it to serve as a surface-to-surface missile. Gross mass: 4,500 kg (9,900 lb). Payload: 500 kg (1,100 lb).
Hyunmoo-2A - South Korean indigenous-design ballistic missile with a range of 300 km. First Launch: 2017-09-14. Last Launch: 2017-09-14. Number: 1 .
Hyunmoo-2B - South Korean short range ballistic missile, with range of 500 km with a 500 kg payload. Deployed 2009 after protracted development due to US government objections to the program. Mass 5,000 kg, launched from a mobile transporter. Status: Active. First Launch: 2014-03-23. Last Launch: 2017-07-28. Number: 4 .
Hyunmoo-2C - South Korean single stage short range missile; improvement of Hyunmoo-2B with a range of 800 km. First Launch: 2017-03-17. Last Launch: 2017-11-28. Number: 3 .
Hywards - American manned combat spacecraft. Study 1956. Hypersonic manned test spaceplane project of the 1950's. Predecessor to Dynasoar. Status: Study 1956.
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