The Black Grave (Ukrainian: Чорна могила, romanized: Chorna mohyla) is the largest burial mound (kurgan) in Chernihiv, Ukraine. It is part of the National Sanctuary of Ancient Chernihiv and is an Archaeological Monument of national importance.
Чорна могила | |
 Engraved by Charles Laplante after Achille-Louis-Joseph Sirouy, 1880 | |
| Location | 4 Proletarian Street, Chernihiv, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine[1] |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 51°30′N 31°20′E / 51.500°N 31.333°E |
| Type | Burial |
| Area | 2,300 square metres (25,000 sq ft)[citation needed] |
| Volume | 7,666 cubic metres (10,027 cu yd)[citation needed] |
| Circumference | 170 metres (560 ft)[1] |
| Height | over 10 metres (33 ft)[1] |
| History | |
| Founded | 10th century |
| Periods |
|
| Site notes | |
| Excavation dates | 1873 |
| Management | Chernihiv Ancient |
| Designation | Monument of Archeology |
| Burial of prince Chorny | |
Overview
editComparable to the barrows of Gnyozdovo near Smolensk, the Black Grave has a height of over 10 metres and a circumference of 170 metres.[1] During excavations undertaken in 1872–73, Dmitry Samokvasov uncovered two cremated bodies of Norse [citation needed] warriors (probably father and son), surrounded by slaves, sacrificial animals, arms, armour, and decorations. Samokvasov dated the burial to the late 10th century, when Vladimir I was the ruler of Kievan Rus. It is likely that the buried warriors were two princes (knyazes) of Chernihiv, although no local potentate is attested in the Slavonic chronicles before Vladimir's son, Mstislav of Chernihiv.
After the bodies were cremated, they were put upon a 7-metre-high mound, where a funeral feast took place. Arranged near the bodies were two helmets and knee-length chain mail (hauberks), probably extracted from the pyre, as well as a cauldron with ram bones, two sacerdotal knives, two golden Byzantine coins, an imported sabre, a miniature dark-red bronze idol of Thor, and two silver-bound aurochs horns decorated with floral motifs, fabulous animals, and figures of a man and a woman shooting at a bird. When the barrow was completed, a stele was placed at the top. All these items are now displayed at the State Historical Museum in Moscow.
At the present time the site of the burial mound along with other 34 buildings (mostly churches) are included in the Chernihiv National Architecture-Historical Sanctuary "Ancient Chernihiv". The Black Grave along with the rest of the reserve is the major tourist attraction in the Chernihiv Oblast (province) of Ukraine.
References
edit- ^ a b c d "Black Grave Mound". About Kiev (in Ukrainian). 2006. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved April 1, 2014. Data on the monument.
Bibliography
edit- Dmitry Samokvasov. Могилы русской земли. Moscow, 1908.
- Boris Rybakov. Древности Чернигова. // Материалы и исследования по археологии СССР, №11, Moscow-Leningrad, 1949.
- T.A. Pushkina. Бронзовый идол из Черной могилы. // Вестник Московского университета. Серия 8. История, №3, 1984.