Calzone (UK: /kælˈtsoʊni, -neɪ/, US: /kælˈzoʊn, -zoʊneɪ, -ni/, Italian: [kalˈtsoːne]; pl.: calzoni; 'stocking' or 'trouser')[1] is an Italian oven-baked turnover, made with leavened dough.[2][3] It originated in Naples in the 18th century.[4] A typical calzone is made from salted bread dough, baked in an oven and stuffed with salami, prosciutto or vegetables, mozzarella, ricotta and Parmesan or pecorino cheese, as well as an egg.[4] Different regional variations in or on a calzone can often include other ingredients that are normally associated with pizza toppings. The term usually applies to an oven-baked turnover rather than a fried pastry (i.e. panzerotti), although calzoni and panzerotti are often mistaken for each other.[5][6][7][8][9]
 Simple calzone in an Italian pizzeria, cut in half | |
| Type | Folded pizza, turnover |
|---|---|
| Place of origin | Italy |
| Region or state | Southern Italy |
| Main ingredients | Ricotta, mozzarella, salami/prosciutto, Parmesan/pecorino |
Stromboli, an Italian-American pizza turnover, is similar to calzone, and the two are sometimes confused.[10][11] Unlike strombolis, which are generally rolled or folded into a cylindrical or rectangular shape, calzoni are always folded into a crescent shape, and typically do not contain tomato sauce inside.[12]
In Italy
editSandwich-sized calzoni are often sold at Italian lunch counters or by street vendors, because they are easy to eat while standing or walking.[13] Fried versions of the calzone are typically filled with tomato and mozzarella; these are made in Apulia and are called "panzerotti".[14]
In Basilicata, a variety of calzone is known as pastizz or u' pastizz 'rtunnar, which originated between the 18th and 19th century.[15] Pork (or, more rarely, goat meat), eggs and cheese are main ingredients for the filling.
Jewish calsones
editIn the Sephardic Jewish cuisine of Safed and Tiberias, Israel, there is a dish known as calsones (pronounced caltzones). These are pockets similar to ravioli, filled with tzfatit, a sheep's milk cheese produced locally in Safed. The dish is thought to have originated with Jews from Italy and Spain during the post-Inquisition era. These migrating Jews introduced it to Syria and eventually to Israel, where it is traditionally served during the Jewish festival of Shavuot.[16]
See also
edit
Media related to Calzone at Wikimedia Commons
References
edit- ^ "Calzone". Dictionary.reference.com. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
- ^ "Salami Stuffed Calzone". La Cucina Italiana. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
- ^ "Calzone". jamieoliver.com. Archived from the original on 2013-01-02. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
- ^ a b Gosetti, Anna; Salda, Della (1967). Le Ricette Regionali Italiane (in Italian). Casa Editrice. pp. 785–787. ASIN B002FIQ5YA.
- ^ "Classic Panzerotto". La Cucina Italiana. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
- ^ Minchilli, Elizabeth (December 11, 2014). "Making Panzerotti in Barivecchia", Elizabeth Minchilli in Rome. Retrieved February 13, 2016.
- ^ Sarkar, Suhashini (June 29, 2015). "Panzerotti: The Empanada's Italian Cousin", Saveur. Retrieved February 13, 2016.
- ^ "Deep Fried Panzerotti", food.com. Retrieved February 13, 2016.
- ^ Lorenza, Barletta (2009-03-03). "La vera ricetta dei panzerotti pugliesi" [The real recipe for Apulian panzerotti]. Gustoblog.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2015-12-05.
- ^ Shuster, Jim (May 10, 2012). "The Stromboli vs. the Calzone", Gilroy Patch. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
- ^ Daley, Bill (March 26, 2013). "Calzone v. Stromboli". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved March 29, 2013.
- ^ Delany, Alex (2 May 2018). "What Is the Difference Between a Calzone and a Stromboli?". Bon Appétit. Retrieved 2021-01-05.
- ^ MacKenzie, Shea (1995). The Pizza Gourmet. Garden City Park, N.Y.: Avery Pub. Group. pp. Preface iv. ISBN 089529656X.
- ^ Settanni McDonald, Annamaria. "Puglia panzarotti". Justapinch.com. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
- ^ "U' Pastizz 'Rtunnar Calzone". fondazioneslowfood.com. Retrieved July 26, 2020.
- ^ "Calsones (Cheese Ravioli) Recipe - Yedida and Elli Dabah". Asif. Retrieved 2024-07-10.