Édouard Gustav Bunge (16 October 1851 – 19 November 1927) was a Belgian businessman, banker, and philanthropist. He was a close associate of Leopold II and one of the main investors in the Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company and the Société Anversoise du Commerce au Congo, which exploited rubber in the Congo Free State.
Early life
editBunge was born on 16 October 1851, in Antwerp in the Flemish Region of Belgium. He was a son of Charles Gustave Bunge (1811–1884) and Laura (née Fallenstein) Bunge (1820–1899).[1]
His brother, Ernest Bunge, was the father of Ivan Bunge of Le Havre, and the grandfather of Gerard Michel Bunge.[2] His maternal grandparents were Georg Friedrich Fallenstein (a close friend of Georg Gottfried Gervinus) and Elisabeth (née Benecke) Fallenstein. Through his aunt, Helene Fallenstein (who was married to Max Weber Sr.), he was a first cousin of the prominent German sociologist and historian Max Weber and economist Alfred Weber.[1]
Career
editBunge began working for the family business, today known as Bunge Limited, which had been founded by his grandfather, Johann Peter Gottlieb Bunge, in Amsterdam in 1818 as an import-export business.[3]
In 1859, Édouard relocated the family company to Antwerp. Edouard's brother Ernest brought the company into Argentina in 1884 and, in 1905, the business extended to Brazil and later on to the United States.[3]
Personal life
editIn 1886 Bunge was married to Marie-Sophie Karcher (1863–1907).[1] Together, they were the parents of:[4]
- Sophia-Laura Bunge (1887–1959), who married Felix Rhodius.[4]
- Dorothée Emilie Bunge (1889–1918), who married Victor Théodore Bracht.[5]
- Erica Bunge (1891–1986), who married Milton McIntyre Brown.[6]
- Eva Maria Bunge (b. 1894), who married Andrew James Widderson, OBE.[7][8]
- Hilda Bunge (1895–1980),[9] who married American industrialist William Hallam Tuck in Antwerp in 1920.[10] He was a son of Judge Somerville Pinkney Tuck,[11] and brother to Ambassador Somerville Pinkney Tuck and businessman Alexander J. M. Tuck.[12]
Before his death, "he donated a large sum for the establishment of an institute of medicine and surgery for the study of the most modern methods of science."[13] Bunge died on 18 November 1927, in Ekeren, Belgium.[13]
Descendants
editThrough his daughter Dorothée, he was a grandfather of Charles Victor Bracht, who was created a baron in 1967 for his services to industry and was later kidnapped and murdered.[14]
References
edit- ^ a b c Meurer, Bärbel (2010). Marianne Weber: Leben und Werk (in German). Mohr Siebeck. p. 632. ISBN 978-3-16-150452-5. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ Stahlberg, Eric (26 May 1951). "Rufenacht—Bunge". The New York Times. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ a b "Our history | Bunge". www.bunge.com. Bunge Limited. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ a b Belgisch staatsblad (in French). 1956. p. 5451. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ Clunet, Edouard; Prudhomme, André Henri Alfred (1926). Journal du droit international (in French). Librarie générale de droit et de jurisprudence. p. 507. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ "Milton McIntyre Brown Jr. '49". paw.princeton.edu. Princeton Alumni Weekly. 21 January 2016. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ Green, Raúl H.; Laurent, Catherine (1988). El poder de Bunge & Born (in Spanish). Editorial Legasa. pp. 72, 218. ISBN 978-950-600-124-7. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ Baker, Kenneth M. (28 January 2019). The Obscure Heroes of Liberty – The Belgian People who Aided Escaped Allied Soldiers During the Great War 1914–1918. Lulu.com. p. 435. ISBN 978-0-473-45187-5. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ "TUCK—Hilda Bunge". The New York Times. 16 September 1980. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
- ^ "Hoover Acquires New Material Related To Food Relief And Refugees". www.hoover.org. Hoover Institution. 26 July 2021. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ "SOMERVILLE P. TUCK DIES IN FRANCE AT 74; Ex-Judge of International Court of Appeals at Alexandria Began Law Practice in New York". The New York Times. 15 April 1923. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
- ^ "WILLIAM H. TUCK, REFUGEE OFFICIAL; Industrialist Also Was Aide to Hoover Dies at 76". The New York Times. 31 August 1966. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
- ^ a b "Edouard Bunge". The New York Times. 19 November 1927. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ "Abducted Belgian Industrialist Is Found Dead". The New York Times. 11 April 1978. Retrieved 23 September 2022.