Irrequieto (English: "Restless") was an Italian Indomito-class destroyer. Commissioned into service in the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) in 1913, she served in World War I, playing an active role in the Adriatic campaign. Reclassified as a torpedo boat in 1929, she was stricken in 1937.
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 Kingdom of Italy | |
| Name | Irrequieto |
| Namesake | "Restless" |
| Builder | Cantiere Pattison, Naples, Kingdom of Italy |
| Laid down | 1910 |
| Launched | 12 December 1912 |
| Sponsored by | Mrs. Blanche Wenner |
| Commissioned | 1913 |
| Reclassified | Torpedo boat 1929 |
| Stricken | 11 October 1937 |
| Identification | Pennant number IR |
| Motto | Fortibus nulla quies ("There is no rest for the strong") |
| Fate | Discarded and scrapped |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Destroyer |
| Displacement | 672–770 metric tons (741–849 short tons) |
| Length | |
| Beam | 24 ft (7.3 m) |
| Draft | 7 ft 11 in (2.41 m) |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed |
|
| Endurance |
|
| Complement | 4–5 officers, 65–74 enlisted men |
| Armament | As built:
After refit:
|
Construction and commissioning
editIrrequieto was laid down at the Cantiere Pattison (English: Pattison Shipyard) in Naples, Italy, in 1910. She was launched on 12 December 1912, sponsored by Mrs. Blanche Wenner, and commissioned in 1913.
Service history
editWorld War I
edit1915
editWorld War I broke out in 1914, and the Kingdom of Italy entered the war on the side of the Allies with its declaration of war on Austria-Hungary on 23 May 1915. At the time, Irrequieto, under the command of Capitano di corvetta (Corvette Captain) Moreno,[2] and the destroyers Indomito, Impavido, Impetuoso, Insidioso, and Intrepido made up the 2nd Destroyer Squadron. The squadron, under the command of Capitano de fregata (Frigate Captain) P. Orsini, was based at Taranto, although although either Impetuoso or Indomito or both were visiting La Spezia that day.[2]
On 9 June 1915, Irrequieto, Impetuoso, Indomito, Insidioso, Intrepido, the protected cruiser Quarto, and the destroyers Animoso, Ardente, Ardito, and Audace escorted the armored cruisers Giuseppe Garibaldi and Vettor Pisani as they participated in a bombardment of the lighthouses at the Cape of Rodon and Shëngjin (known to the Italians as San Giovanni di Medua) on the coast of the Principality of Albania.[3]
In the early hours of 17 July 1915 Intrepido, Animoso, Irrequieto, and Quarto bombarded the radiotelegraph station and other Austro-Hungarian military installations on Šipan (known to the Italians as Giuppana), an island off the coast of Dalmatia.[4] The bombardment, as well as another one carried out by the 5th Naval Division, was interrupted when Vettor Pisani of the 5th Naval Division sighted an Austro-Hungarian submarine at 04:25.[4] After the Italian ships began their return voyage to Italy, the Austro-Hungarian submarine U-4 attacked at 04:40 and torpedoed Giuseppe Garibaldi,[4] which sank within minutes. Rescue efforts saved 525 men out of the 578 on board Giuseppe Garibaldi.[3][4]
On 3 December 1915 Irrequieto, Impetuoso , Indomito, Insidioso, and Intrepido got underway from Brindisi to escort one of the first supply convoys for Italian troops in Albania. As the convoy — composed of the troop transports Re Umberto and Valparaiso, carrying a total of 1,800 men and 150 draft animals — approached Shëngjin (known to the Italians as San Giovanni di Medua) on the coast of Albania, Re Umberto, with 765 men on board, hit a mine laid by the Imperial German Navy submarine UC-14, broke in two, and sank in 15 minutes. Rescuers saved 712 men.[3][4][5]
1916–1918
editOn 24 February 1916, Irrequieto, Impetuoso, Indomito, Ardito, the protected cruisers Libia and Puglia, the auxiliary cruisers Città di Catania and Città di Siracusa, and the destroyer Bersagliere and began to bombard advancing Austro-Hungarian troops in Albania who were about to occupy Durrës (known to the Italians as Durazzo). In the following days they also bombarded Austro-Hungarian artillery positions on the mountain Sasso Bianco in the Dolomites near Durrës.[4]
On 25 June 1916 Irrequieto, Impavido, Insidioso, Audace, and the protected cruiser Marsala operated in distant support of an attack by the motor torpedo boats MAS 5 and MAS 7 against Durrës. The attack resulted in serious damage to the 1,111-gross register ton steamship Sarajevo.[4]
On 9 July 1916 Irrequieto (now under the command of an officer named Ponza di San Martino) and Impetuoso set out in pursuit of the Austro-Hungarian scout cruiser Novara, which had attacked the Otranto Barrage in the Strait of Otranto and sunk the naval drifters — armed fishing boats that patrolled anti-submarine barriers — Astrum, Claivis, and Spei, but Novara reached the Austro-Hungarian naval base at Cattaro before they could intercept her.[4]
On 11 June 1917 Irrequieto, Insidioso, and the torpedo boats Airone and Ardea provided distant support to 10 Italian seaplanes sent to bomb Durrës.[4]
By late October 1918, Austria-Hungary had effectively disintegrated, and the Armistice of Villa Giusti, signed on 3 November 1918, went into effect on 4 November 1918 and brought hostilities between Austria-Hungary and the Allies to an end. World War I ended a week later with the armistice between the Allies and the German Empire on 11 November 1918.
Post-World War I
editAfter the end of World War I, Irrequieto′s armament was revised, giving her five 102 mm (4 in)/35-caliber guns, a single 40 mm (1.6 in)/35-caliber gun, and four 450-millimetre (17.7 in) torpedo tubes.[6] She was reclassified as a torpedo boat in 1929.[6] She was stricken from the naval register on 11 October 1937 and subsequently discarded and scrapped.[6][7]
References
edit
Citations
edit- ^ Fraccaroli, pp. 268–269
- ^ a b "Forum Eerste Wereldoorlog :: Bekijk onderwerp - Regia Marina Italiana, 1914-1915". Archived from the original on 2019-02-13. Retrieved 2024-04-17.
- ^ a b c Ruberti.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Favre, pp. 119, 140, 146–147, 195..
- ^ Gallery INTREPIDO 2007.
- ^ a b c Marina Militare (in Italian).
- ^ "Indomito Class Destroyer (1912)". dreadnoughtproject.org/. The Dreadnought Project. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
Bibliography
edit- Favre, Franco. La Marina nella Grande Guerra. Le operazioni navali, aeree, subacquee e terrestri in Adriatico (in Italian).
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link) - Fraccaroli, Aldo (1985). "Italy". In Gray, Randal (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. pp. 252–290. ISBN 978-0-87021-907-8.
- Ruberti, Testo. "Intrepido Fino In Fondo" (PDF). Storie di Guerra e de Relitti (in Italian).
{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)