Katharine Jex-Blake (18 November 1860 – 26 March 1951), was an English classical scholar, and the eighth Mistress of Girton College, Cambridge.[1]
Biography
editEarly life
editKatharine Jex-Blake was born in 1860 at Rugby School, one of nine daughters and two sons of Thomas Jex-Blake (1832–1915), the school master and later head master at Rugby school, later the Dean of Wells, and his wife Henrietta Cordery. Her aunt was Sophia Jex-Blake, a pioneer in the fight for women's access to higher education; her sister, Henrietta Jex-Blake, would go on to be Principal of Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford. Jex-Blake was educated at home with her sisters by masters from Rugby School before reading classics at Girton College, Cambridge, 1879–1883.[1] Although the passing of the so-called Three Graces in 1881 meant women were permitted to formally sit University exams from 1882, Jex-Blake was not considered a full member of the university and was thus not eligible for a degree.[2] She was ranked in the third division of the first class in Part I of the Classical Tripos for women in 1882, one of the two highest performing female candidates.[3] In Part II of the Classical Tripos, which allowed specialisation in particular sub-disciplines such as archaeology and philosophy rather than focusing on linguistic competence as in Part I, Jex-Blake was the only woman to be placed in the third class.[3]
Career
editAfter leaving Girton, she taught for a year at Notting Hill and Bayswater High School, a school owned by the Girls' Public Day School Trust. In 1885 she returned to Girton as the Resident Classics lecturer, later becoming the Director of Studies in Classics from 1901 to 1919 and Vice-Mistress from 1903 to 1916.[1] She was elected as Girton's correspondent for the newly established Classical Association and was in that role by June 1906.[4]
Jex-Blake was appointed as Mistress of the college in 1916 and served until 1922.[1] She was thus responsible for steering the college through the changes and challenges of the First World War, including the introduction of rationing and raising vegetables and pigs on college land.[5] As Mistress, she laid the groundwork for the college to be recognised in law, leading the college council in preparing a draft constitution and statues in order to obtain a royal charter.[6]
Although Jex-Blake was an active teacher and scholar, in line with the academic norms of this period she did not publish extensively. Her only published work was a translation of Pliny the Elder's Chapters on the History of Art, produced in collaboration with her friend Eugenie Sellers (1896); Jex-Blake provided the translation, while Sellars wrote the introduction and the commentary.[7]
Her influence extended beyond Girton: some of her students became classics lecturers at Girton, Newnham College, Bedford College, Royal Holloway, Somerville College and Lady Margaret Hall in the 1920s.[1]
Politics
editJex-Blake was an active supporter of women's suffrage, signing a joint letter to The Times in 1917 objecting to the failure of the Electoral Reform Conference to address the issue.[8]
Retirement
editUpon her retirement from Girton in 1922,[9] Katharine Jex-Blake donated a sum for what became the Jex-Blake Research Fellowship.[1] She became a governor of the college and also sat on its Council. She was made an honorary fellow in 1932. From 1925 to 1937 she was an active member of the Council of her former employers, the Girls' Public Day School Trust and was later elected a vice-president of the Trust. She also served as a governor of the Harpur Trust at Bedford High School and at the Perse School.[10]
She died at Hurstpierpoint, Sussex in 1951.
Works
edit- Eugenie Sellers, Commentary and Historical Introduction to the Elder Pliny's Chapter on the History of Art. Translated by Katharine Jex-Blake (London, 1896).
Personal papers
editNorfolk Record Office holds correspondence between Katharine and her sisters, Henrietta and Violet Jex-Blake, in the papers of the Jex-Blake family (Ref: MC 233/36).[11]
Jex-Blake's personal papers are held at Girton College, and much of her correspondence is distributed around other colleges' archives at Cambridge.[12]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f Perrone, Fernanda Helen; Harrison, B. (October 2005). "Blake, Katharine Jex- (1860–1951)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online edition. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/48441. Retrieved 14 July 2008. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ McWilliams Tullberg, Rita, 1943- (1998). Women at Cambridge (Rev. ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 052164464X. OCLC 39485246.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Beard, Mary; King, Gillian; Stray, Christopher (1998). The Birds and the Bees: Women in Classics, Cambridge 1871-1948. Cambridge: Cambridge Classics Faculty. pp. 6–7.
- ^ Stray, Chris (2003). "Getting under Way: Challenge and Response, 1904-22". Greece & Rome. 50: 29. doi:10.1093/gr/50.suppl_1.23. JSTOR 3567833.
- ^ Senechal, Marjorie. (2012). I Died for Beauty : Dorothy Wrinch and the Cultures of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press, USA. p. 55. ISBN 9780199875795. OCLC 818851574.
- ^ Poole, Russell (2018). "Kindred, College, and Scholarship in the Lifework of Bertha Surtees Phillpotts (1877-1932)". In Chance, Jane (ed.). Women Medievalists and the Academy, Two Volumes. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 208. ISBN 9781532644368.
- ^ Beard, Mary (2002). The Invention of Jane Harrison. Harvard University Press. p. 23. ISBN 9780674008076.
- ^ Erickson, Amy Louise (January 2018). "Ellen Annette McArthur: Establishing a Presence in the Academy". Generations of women historians : within and beyond the academy. Smith, Hilda L., 1941-, Zook, Melinda S. Cham. p. 40. ISBN 9783319775685. OCLC 1044746305.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Girton College Register, 1869–1946: Cambridge; CUP; 1948
- ^ Goodman, Joyce; Sylvia, Harop (2002). "Governing Ladies. Women governors of middle-class girls' schools, 1870-1925". In Goodman, Joyce; Harrop, Sylvia (eds.). Women, Educational Policy-Making and Administration in England: Authoritative Women Since 1800. Routledge. pp. 43, 47. ISBN 9781134639694.
- ^ Norfolk Record Office (2006). "Family Papers of Jex-Blake and Buxton families, with Title Deeds of Caister Hall Estate". Retrieved 15 February 2021.
- ^ "Advanced Search". Janus.
External links
edit- Biographical sketch Archived 28 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine at Girton College website
- Perrone, Fernanda Helen; Harrison, B. (October 2005). "Blake, Katharine Jex- (1860–1951)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online edition. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/48441. Retrieved 14 July 2008. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)