Wikipedia

List of endangered plants

In September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed 3654 endangered plant species.[1] Of all evaluated plant species, 17% are listed as endangered. The IUCN also lists 99 subspecies and 101 varieties as endangered. No subpopulations of plants have been evaluated by the IUCN.

45 extinct in the wild plant species (0.1%)5702 critically endangered plant species (8.6%)10901 endangered plant species (16.4%)9673 vulnerable plant species (14.5%)4160 near threatened plant species (6.3%)30554 least concern plant species (45.9%)5371 data deficient plant species (8.1%)
Plant species (IUCN, 2023-1)
  • 66,406 extant species have been evaluated
  • 61,035 of those are fully assessed[a]
  • 34,588 are not threatened at present[b]
  • 26,276 are threatened[c]
  • 174 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
    • 129 extinct (EX) species[d]
    • 45 extinct in the wild (EW)
    • 569 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
    • 48 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
  1. ^ excludes data deficient evaluations.
  2. ^ NT, LR/cd, LC.
  3. ^ Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU.
  4. ^ Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Endangered (EN) species are considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.

For a species to be considered endangered by the IUCN it must meet certain quantitative criteria which are designed to classify taxa facing "a very high risk of extinction". An even higher risk is faced by critically endangered species, which meet the quantitative criteria for endangered species. Critically endangered plants are listed separately. There are 6147 plant species which are endangered or critically endangered.

Additionally 1674 plant species (7.6% of those evaluated) are listed as data deficient, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN.[2] While the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed".[3]

This is a complete list of endangered plant species, subspecies and varieties evaluated by the IUCN.

Bryophytes

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There are 29 bryophyte species assessed as endangered.

Hornworts

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Mosses

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Liverworts

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Pteridophytes

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There are 67 species and one subspecies of pteridophyte assessed as endangered.

Leptosporangiate ferns

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There are 61 species and one subspecies in the class Polypodiopsida assessed as endangered.

Polypodiales

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Species

Subspecies

Hymenophyllales

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Cyatheales

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Salviniales

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Isoetopsida

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Lycopodiopsida

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Gymnosperms

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There are 163 species, seven subspecies, and 29 varieties of gymnosperm assessed as endangered.

Ginkgos

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Cycads

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Species

Subspecies

Conifers

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Gnetopsida

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Dicotyledons

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There are 2770 species, 81 subspecies, and 70 varieties of dicotyledon assessed as endangered.

Piperales

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There are 51 species in the order Piperales assessed as endangered.

Piperaceae

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Chloranthaceae

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Campanulales

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Campanulaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Aristolochiales

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Theales

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There are 174 species, 12 subspecies, and two varieties in Theales assessed as endangered.

Dipterocarpaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Theaceae

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Species

Varieties

Actinidiaceae

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Guttiferae

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Other Theales species

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Linales

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Species

Varieties

Malvales

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There are 67 species, four subspecies, and one variety in the order Malvales assessed as endangered.

Malvaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Sterculiaceae

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Species

Varieties

Bombacaceae

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Sarcolaenaceae

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Tiliaceae

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Elaeocarpaceae

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Geraniales

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Lecythidales

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Species

Subspecies

Polygalales

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Santalales

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Proteales

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Dipsacales

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Plumbaginales

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Rubiales

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Violales

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There are 68 species, one subspecies, and one variety in Violales assessed as endangered.

Flacourtiaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Violaceae

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Passifloraceae

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Species

Varieties

Other Violales species

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Euphorbiales

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There are 93 species, four subspecies, and 15 varieties in Euphorbiales assessed as endangered.

Buxaceae

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Euphorbiaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Laurales

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There are 67 species, two subspecies, and two varieties in the order Laurales assessed as endangered.

Gomortegaceae

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Monimiaceae

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Hernandiaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Lauraceae

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Cucurbitales

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Begoniaceae

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Ebenales

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There are 95 species, one subspecies, and two varieties in Ebenales assessed as endangered.

Symplocaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Sapotaceae

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Ebenaceae

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Celastrales

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There are 43 species in the order Celastrales assessed as endangered.

Icacinaceae

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Hollies

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Celastraceae

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Dichapetalaceae

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Myrtales

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There are 227 species, four subspecies, and ten varieties in the order Myrtales assessed as endangered.

Myrtaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Melastomataceae

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Species

Varieties

Combretaceae

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Thymelaeaceae

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Lythraceae

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Species

Varieties

Onagraceae

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Sapindales

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There are 121 species, three subspecies, and seven varieties in the order Sapindales assessed as endangered.

Rutaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Sapindaceae

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Species

Varieties

Anacardiaceae

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Species

Varieties

Meliaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Burseraceae

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Species

Varieties

Other Sapindales

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Species

Varieties

Asterales

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Magnoliales

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There are 166 species and six subspecies in the order Magnoliales assessed as endangered.

Canellaceae

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Winteraceae

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Magnoliaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Annonaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Myristicaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Brassicales

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There are 30 species in Capparales assessed as endangered.

Capparaceae

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Cruciferae

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Apiales

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There are 63 species and one variety in the order Apiales assessed as endangered.

Araliaceae

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Species

Varieties

Umbelliferae

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Gentianales

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There are 64 species and two varieties in the order Gentianales assessed as endangered.

Apocynaceae

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Species

Varieties

Loganiaceae

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Species

Varieties

Asclepiadaceae

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Gentianaceae

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Rosales

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There are 77 species, four subspecies, and four varieties in the order Rosales assessed as endangered.

Chrysobalanaceae

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Brunelliaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Pittosporaceae

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Cunoniaceae

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Species

Varieties

Rosaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Other Rosales

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Species

Varieties

Primulales

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There are 21 species in Primulales assessed as endangered.

Myrsinaceae

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Primulaceae

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Rhamnales

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Species

Varieties

Urticales

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There are 24 species, one subspecies, and three varieties in Urticales assessed as endangered.

Urticaceae

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Species

Varieties

Ulmaceae

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Cecropiaceae

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Moraceae

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Solanales

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Scrophulariales

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There are 216 species, 11 subspecies, and two varieties in the order Scrophulariales assessed as endangered.

Oleaceae

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Species

Varieties

Buddlejaceae

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Gesneriaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Bignoniaceae

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Acanthaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Scrophulariaceae

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Lentibulariaceae

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Lamiales

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There are 55 species and three subspecies in the order Lamiales assessed as endangered.

Verbenaceae

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Labiatae

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Boraginaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Linderniaceae

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Nepenthales

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There are 17 species, three subspecies, and one variety in Nepenthales assessed as endangered.

Nepenthaceae

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Droseraceae

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Sarraceniaceae

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Subspecies

Varieties

Ranunculales

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Polygonales

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Podostemales

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Fabales

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Caryophyllales

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There are 214 species and one subspecies in the order Caryophyllales assessed as endangered.

Caryophyllaceae

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Amaranthaceae

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Nyctaginaceae

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Chenopodiaceae

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Portulacaceae

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Cactus

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Species

Subspecies

Aizoaceae

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Fagales

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Species

Varieties

Other dicotyledon species

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Monocotyledons

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There are 625 species, ten subspecies, and two varieties of monocotyledon assessed as endangered.

Arecales

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Species

Subspecies

Orchidales

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There are 245 species, four subspecies, and two varieties in Orchidales assessed as endangered.

Orchidaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Varieties

Burmanniaceae

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Cyclanthales

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Bromeliales

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Liliales

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There are 96 species and two subspecies in the order Liliales assessed as endangered.

Dracaenaceae

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Iridaceae

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Aloaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Amaryllidaceae

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Species

Subspecies

Liliaceae

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Other Liliales species

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Arales

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Araceae

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Species

Subspecies

Zingiberales

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Eriocaulales

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Commelinales

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Cyperales

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There are 55 species in Cyperales assessed as endangered.

Gramineae

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Cyperaceae

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Najadales

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Other monocotyledons

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Species

Subspecies

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Listed by IUCN as Shorea agami.
  2. ^ Listed by IUCN as Terminalia intermedia; see Plants of the World Online for taxonomy: "T. diptera (Sagra) Greuter & R. Rankin", and synonyms[4]

References

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  1. ^ "IUCN Red List version 2016-2". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Archived from the original on 27 June 2014. Retrieved 8 September 2016.
  2. ^ "Limitations of the Data". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Archived from the original on 7 October 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  3. ^ "2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  4. ^ Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Kew Science. "Terminalia diptera (Sagra) Greuter & R. Rankin". Plants of the World Online. Archived from the original on 24 November 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
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