Wikipedia

Long Beach, New York

Long Beach is an oceanfront city in Nassau County, New York, United States. It takes up a central section of the Long Beach Barrier Island, which is the westernmost of the outer barrier islands off Long Island's South Shore. As of the 2020 Census, the city's population was 35,029.[2]

Long Beach, New York
City
Aerial photograph of Long Beach, NY and environs from west-by-southwest
Aerial photograph of Long Beach, NY and environs from west-by-southwest
Flag of Long Beach, New York
Flag
Official seal of Long Beach, New York
Seal
Nickname: 
The City by the Sea
Motto(s): 
Civitas ad mare
(City by the Sea)
Location in Nassau County and the state of New York
Location in Nassau County and the state of New York
Map
Map
Map
Coordinates: 40°35′17″N 73°41′17″W / 40.58806°N 73.68806°W / 40.58806; -73.68806
Country United States
State New York
CountyNassau
Settled1623
Incorporated Village1913
City of Long Beach1922
Founded byWilliam H. Reynolds
Government
 • TypeCouncil-Manager
 • City ManagerDaniel Creighton
Area
[1]
 • Total3.90 sq mi (10.09 km2)
 • Land2.22 sq mi (5.74 km2)
 • Water1.68 sq mi (4.34 km2)
Elevation
0 ft (0 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total35,029
 • Density15,793.06/sq mi (6,098.69/km2)
 34th densest in US
Time zoneUTC-5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (EDT)
ZIP code
11561
Area codes516, 363
FIPS code36-43335
GNIS feature ID0955835
Websitewww.longbeachny.org

The City of Long Beach was incorporated in 1922,[3] and is nicknamed "The City by the Sea" (the Latin form, Civitas ad mare, is the city's motto). The Long Beach Barrier Island is surrounded by Reynolds Channel to the north, east and west, and the Atlantic Ocean to the south.[4]

In 2022, Long Beach was named one of the best East Coast towns for a summer getaway by Time Out magazine.[5]

History

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Pre-settlement

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The city of Long Beach's first inhabitants were the Algonquian-speaking Lenape, who sold the area to English colonists in 1643. From that time, while the barrier island was used by baymen and farmers for fishing and harvesting salt hay, no one lived there year-round for more than two centuries. The bark Mexico, carrying Irish immigrants to New York, ran ashore on New Year's Day.[6]

Austin Corbin, a builder from Brooklyn, was the first to attempt to develop the island as a resort. He formed a partnership with the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) to finance the New York and Long Beach Railroad Co., which laid track from Lynbrook to Long Beach in 1880. That same year, Corbin opened Long Beach Hotel, a row of 27 cottages along a 1,100-foot (340 m) strip of beach, which he claimed was the world's largest hotel.[7][8] In its first season, the railroad brought 300,000 visitors to Long Island. By the next spring, tracks had been laid the length of the island, but they were removed in 1894 after repeated washouts from winter storms.

 
Long Beach Hotel
 
Long Beach boardwalk, c. 1911
 
Crowded beach, c. 1923

20th century

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In 1906, William H. Reynolds, a 39-year-old real estate developer and former state senator, became involved in the area. Reynolds had already developed four Brooklyn neighborhoods (Bedford–Stuyvesant, Borough Park, Bensonhurst, and South Brownsville), as well as Coney Island's Dreamland, the world's largest amusement park at the time. Reynolds also owned a theatre and produced plays.[9][10]

He gathered investors, and acquired the oceanfront from private owners and the rest of the island from the Town of Hempstead in 1907; he planned to build a boardwalk, homes, and hotels. Reynolds had a herd of elephants marched in from Dreamland, ostensibly to help build the Long Beach Boardwalk; he had created an effective publicity stunt. Dredges created a channel 1,000 feet (300 m) wide on the north side of the island to provide access by large steamboats and seaplanes to transport more visitors; the new waterway was named Reynolds Channel. To ensure that Long Beach lived up to his billing it "The Riviera of the East", he required each building to be constructed in an "eclectic Mediterranean style", with white stucco walls and red-clay tile roofs. He built a theatre called Castles by the Sea, with the largest dance floor in the world, for dancers Vernon and Irene Castle.

After Reynolds' corporation went bankrupt in 1918, the restrictions were lifted. The new town attracted wealthy business people and entertainers from New York and Hollywood.

On July 29, 1907, a fire broke out at the Long Beach Hotel and burned it to the ground. Of the 800 guests, eight were injured by jumping from windows, and one woman died. The fire was blamed on defective electric wiring. A church, several cottages, and the bathing pavilion were also destroyed. Trunks belonging to the guests, which had been piled on the sand to form "dressing rooms", were looted by thieves. A dozen waiters and others were apprehended by the police, who recovered $20,000 worth of jewelry and other stolen property.[11]

The community became an incorporated village in 1913 and a city in 1922.[12]

In 1923, the prohibition agents known simply as Izzy and Moe raided the Nassau Hotel and arrested three men for bootlegging. In 1930, five Long Beach Police officers were charged with offering a bribe to a United States Coast Guard officer to allow liquor to be landed. The police had another problem a year later in the summer of 1931, when a beachcomber found the body of a young woman named Starr Faithfull, who had drowned. She had left behind a suicide note, but others believed she had been murdered, and the circumstances of her death were never resolved. Corruption became rampant in Long Beach by then; in 1922, the state Legislature designated Long Beach a city, and William H. Reynolds was elected the first mayor. Soon afterward, Reynolds was indicted on charges of misappropriating funds. When he was found guilty, the clock in the tower at city hall was stopped in protest. When a judge released Reynolds from jail later that year on appeal, almost the entire population turned out to greet him, and the clock was turned back on.

On November 15, 1939, Mayor Louis F. Edwards was fatally shot by a police officer in front of his home.[13] Officer Alvin Dooley, a member of the police motorcycle squad and the mayor's own security detail, killed Edwards after losing his bid for PBA president to a candidate the mayor supported. Jackson Boulevard was later renamed Edwards Boulevard in honor of the late mayor. After the murder, the city residents passed legislation to adopt a city manager system, which still exists to this day. The city manager is hired by and reports to the City Council.

In the 1940s, José Ferrer, Zero Mostel, Mae West, and other famous actors performed at local theaters.[citation needed] John Barrymore, Humphrey Bogart, Clara Bow, James Cagney, Cab Calloway, Jack Dempsey, Lillian Roth, Rudolph Valentino, and Florenz Ziegfeld lived in Long Beach for decades.[14]

By the 1940s and 1950s, with the advent of cheap air travel attracting tourists to more distant places, and air-conditioning to provide year-round comfort, Long Beach had become primarily a bedroom community for commuters to New York City. It still attracted many summer visitors into the 1970s. The rundown boardwalk hotels were used for temporary housing for welfare recipients and the elderly until a scandal around 1970 led to many of the homes losing their licenses. At that time, government agencies were also "warehousing" in such hotels many patients released from larger mental hospitals. They were supposed to be cared for in small-scale community centers. The 2.2-mile (3.5 km) boardwalk had a small amusement park at the foot of Edwards Boulevard until the 1980s. In the late 1960s, the boardwalk and amusement park area was a magnet for youth from around Long Island, until a police crackdown on drug trafficking ended that. A few businesses remained on the boardwalk, attracting bicyclists, joggers, walkers, and people-watchers.

 
The newly rebuilt boardwalk in November 2013.

Beginning in the 1980s and accelerating in the 1990s, Long Beach began an urban renewal, with new housing, new businesses, and other improvements.[15] Today, the city is again a popular bedroom community, for people working in New York who want the quiet beach atmosphere. With summer come local youths and college students and young adults who rent bungalows on the West End; they frequent the local bars and clubs along West Beech Street. Just behind the boardwalk near the center of the city, however, vacant lots now occupy several blocks that once housed hotels, bathhouses, and the amusement park. Because attempts to attract development (including, at one time, Atlantic City-style casinos) to this potential "superblock" have not yet borne fruit, the lots constitute the city's largest portion of unused land.[15][16]

21st century

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On October 29, 2012, Hurricane Sandy struck Long Beach. As a result of flooding, hundreds of vehicles were destroyed and houses suffered various levels of damage. The estimated cost of all the damage was over $250 million. The city was without power and running water for two weeks after the storm. The boardwalk was also destroyed during the storm. The city began rebuilding the boardwalk with grants from FEMA and the State of New York. The first two-block section of the new Long Beach boardwalk reopened on July 26, 2013,[17] and the entire boardwalk opened on October 25, 2013.[18] The final costs of rebuilding the boardwalk were $44 million, of which ca. $39 million were FEMA grants and the final $4.4 million were reimbursed by the state.[19]

Geography

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U.S. Census map of Long Beach.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.90 square miles (10.1 km2).[2] Of its total area, 2.22 square miles (5.7 km2) is land, and the rest is water.

Long Beach Barrier Island

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Main article: Long Beach Barrier Island

The city is on a barrier island of the South Shore of Long Island. It shares the island with East Atlantic Beach, Atlantic Beach to the west and Lido Beach and Point Lookout to the east.[20]

Climate

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Long Beach has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) under the Köppen climate classification, with humid hot summers and cool winters. It is one of the northernmost locations in this climate zone, allowing for the growth of warmer climate plants like Mimosa, Crape Myrtle, Southern Magnolia, and Sweetgum. It is in plant hardiness zone 7b. Precipitation is evenly distributed year-round, mostly in the form of rain although snowfall occurs each winter. Long Beach is vulnerable to tropical cyclones. Its climate is tempered by the influence of the Atlantic Ocean.

Climate data for Long Beach, New York
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 71
(22) 		71
(22) 		85
(29) 		92
(33) 		97
(36) 		100
(38) 		104
(40) 		101
(38) 		98
(37) 		90
(32) 		83
(28) 		75
(24) 		104
(40)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 39
(4) 		42
(6) 		49
(9) 		59
(15) 		69
(21) 		78
(26) 		83
(28) 		82
(28) 		75
(24) 		65
(18) 		54
(12) 		44
(7) 		62
(17)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 26
(−3) 		28
(−2) 		34
(1) 		44
(7) 		53
(12) 		63
(17) 		69
(21) 		68
(20) 		61
(16) 		50
(10) 		41
(5) 		32
(0) 		47
(9)
Record low °F (°C) −7
(−22) 		−4
(−20) 		7
(−14) 		20
(−7) 		34
(1) 		45
(7) 		48
(9) 		46
(8) 		41
(5) 		30
(−1) 		15
(−9) 		−1
(−18) 		−7
(−22)
Source: [21]

Cityscape

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Buildings on the boardwalk in 2021
 
Oceanview Avenue, West End

Unlike most communities near New York City, Long Beach is a high-density community. Fewer than 40% of the homes are detached houses,[22] and the city ranks as the 35th-densest community in the United States – ahead of larger cities like Chicago, Miami, and Philadelphia. The city is less than 1 mile (1.6 km) wide from ocean to bay and about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) long. The city is divided into the West End, home to many small bungalow and some large houses, and the East End. West of New York Avenue, the barrier island is less than 0.5 miles (800 m) wide and West Beech Street is the main east/west commercial street.

East of New York Avenue, the island is wider between the bay and ocean and is home to larger more expansive family houses. There is the city's boardwalk, which begins at New York Avenue and ends at Neptune Boulevard. Along the boardwalk are many apartment buildings and condos. The main commercial strip is Park Avenue, which narrows into a small residential strip west of New York Avenue.

City divisions and districts

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Kennedy Plaza in the Central District.

The city of Long Beach contains the following neighborhoods:[23][24]

  • Central District – The area between Magnolia Boulevard and Monroe Boulevard, known for its diverse population and historical hip hop scene. Long Beach's City Hall is located in this area as well as the Martin Luther King Center and Emergency Department at Long Beach.
  • The East End – The district between Monroe Boulevard and Maple Boulevard or Curley Street, significant for its historical immigrant population.
  • The President Streets – The area comprising 9 north-south avenues of which 5 are named after former U.S. presidents, with the 4 exceptions of Atlantic, Belmont, and Mitchell Avenues, and Pacific Boulevard; Pacific Boulevard connects directly from Park Avenue to East Broadway, a parallel road to the south.
  • The West End – The district between New York Avenue and East Atlantic Beach. This area is home to many small bungalows and large houses close to one other, along small narrow streets. These streets, named after U.S. states, run from the beach to the bay, until they meet East Atlantic Beach at Westholme Ave.


Neighborhoods and enclaves

  • The Walks – An area comprising extremely narrow sidewalks between houses. Each walk is named after a month.
  • North Park – The area north of Park Avenue, between the LIRR Station and Monroe Boulevard. Home to the Long Beach Housing Authority, M Block, and Pine Houses.
  • The Canals – The area comprising several streets running north-south, with 4 parallel canals originating from Reynolds Channel. The canals begin on Forrester Street and end on Curley Street, each canal except for Bob Jones Canal is traversed by a short bridge carrying East Pine Street.
  • West Side - The area between the LIRR train tracks and Magnolia Boulevard.
  • Kennedy Plaza – An area in the Central District, at the intersection of National Boulevard and West Chester Street.
  • Westholme – The neighborhood between New York Avenue and Magnolia Boulevard.
  • Pine Houses – Popularly known as "P Block", it is the housing project complex quartered in East Pine Street between Rev JJ Evans Blvd and Long Beach Road. It is infamous for being the historical breeding and battle ground for Long Beach hip hop artists, and is home to many diverse residents of Long Beach.
  • M Block – Area in the Central district consisting of the area of and around North Monroe Blvd and Market Street. This area is known for its notable population of Caribbean and Latino migrants that moved to the neighborhood around the 1960s.

National Register of Historic Places

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Barkin House

Multiple sites in Long Beach are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, including:[25][26][27]

Landmarks and historic districts

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Sunset at Long Beach

The city of Long Beach contains the following landmarks and historic district:[12][28]

Museums and community centers

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Panorama of Long Beach

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1920282—
19305,8171,962.8%
19409,03655.3%
195015,58672.5%
196026,47369.9%
197033,12725.1%
198034,0732.9%
199033,510−1.7%
200035,4625.8%
201033,275−6.2%
202035,0295.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[31]

The 2010 U.S. census determined there were 33,275 people residing in the city, and the 2019 American Community Survey estimated the population increased to 33,454. At census of 2000,[32] there were 35,462 people, 14,923 households, and 8,103 families residing in the city. The local population was spread out at 15,022 inhabitants per square mile (5,800/km2) as of 2010.[2] In 2000, the population density was 16,594.9 inhabitants per square mile (6,407.3/km2). Also in 2000, there were 16,128 housing units at an average density of 7,547.3 per square mile (2,914.0/km2). If only residential area is counted, the population density rises to 17,341 per square mile (44,913.19/km2).

In 2019 there were an average of 2.31 persons per household, and the median household income was $97,022. Long Beach had a per capita income of $53,579 from 2015 to 2019 and 6.7% of its population lived at or below the poverty line. In 2000, there were 14,923 households, out of which 21.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.0% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.7% were non-families. 36.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 18.5% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 34.4% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.6 males. The median income for a household in the city was $56,289, and the median income for a family was $68,222. Males had a median income of $50,995 versus $40,739 for females. The per capita income for the city was $31,069. About 6.3% of families and 9.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.2% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over.

Race and ethnicity

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The racial and ethnic makeup of the city of Long Beach was 71.9% non-Hispanic white, 6.2% Black or African American, 0.2% American Indian or Alaska Native, 2.7% Asian, 2.8% two or more races, and 16.3% Hispanic and Latin American of any race. Out of the total population, 52.2% were female and 13.4% of the total population was foreign-born from 2015 to 2019.[2] In 2000, the racial makeup of the city was 84.20% White, 6.18% African American, 0.21% Native American, 2.32% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 4.75% from other races, and 2.26% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.80% of the population.

Religion

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According to Sperling's BestPlaces, 67.7% of the population of Long Beach were religious as of 2021.[33] The majority of the religious population are Christian and the Catholic Church is the largest single denomination. The second largest Christian group is Protestantism and the single largest Protestant denomination as of 2021 was Lutheranism. The third largest religion practiced in the city is Judaism, followed by Islam. Eastern faiths including Hinduism and Buddhism are also prevalent in the city, while the remainder of the population is irreligious or atheist.

Crime

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According to the USA District Attourney's Office at Eastern New York, gangs present a prevalent criminal threat within the city. In March of 2016, sixteen members of the Latin Kings gang were arrested in connections with narcotics trafficking, in particular, cocaine, crack, "molly", and illegal marijuana[1]. In another instance, 5 men from Long Beach and Hempstead were arrested in Westbury in a gang-related shooting [2]. In June, 2023, a rapper by the name of YungUsh, whose real name was Shawn Usher, was killed with multiple gunshot wounds near the Channel Park Homes projects as likely a result of gang violence [3]. In Long Beach, the most prominent gangs are the P Block Demons, Latin Kings, and the MS-13 Long Beach Lokotes.

Government

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Presidential election results
Presidential election results in Long Beach[34]
Year Democratic Republican Others
2020 10,552 58.4% 7,223 40.0% 285 1.6%
2016 8,843 56.1% 6,255 39.7% 670 4.2%
 
Long Beach City Hall in 2021

The current City Manager (2024) is Dan Creighton.[35] He was preceded by:

  • 2023 – Ron Walsh, Acting (concurrently Long Beach Police Commissioner)[36]
  • 2020 – 2022 Donna Gayden[37]
  • 2019 – 2020 Rob Agostisi, Acting (former chief legal counsel)[38]
  • 2012 – 2018 Jack Schnirman[39]

The Long Beach City Council consists of five elected members who are currently (2024):[40]

  • Brendan Finn, President (R)
  • Chris Fiumara, Vice President (R)
  • John D. Bendo (D)
  • Roy Lester (D)
  • Michael Reinhart (R)

Public safety and emergency services

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The city has a comprehensive emergency services structure consisting of multiple organizations, including the Long Beach Police Department, Long Beach Fire Department, Long Beach Lifeguards, Animal Control and Emergency Medical Services (LBFD), Long Beach Auxiliary Police Department.

City municipalities

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The city of Long Beach has an extensive parks and recreation program led by Joseph Brand II. Within the offerings include, but are not limited to the Ice Arena, Summer Camps, Pool, Races and is most well known for its Ocean Beach Park. Long Beach's Ocean Beach Park (OBP) is managed under the supervision of Nichole Landry. All city parks and recreation programs are found online at longbeachny.gov.

Education

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Public schools

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Catholic Regional School

The Long Beach City School District serves the city of Long Beach and parts of the Town of Hempstead with one primary high school, one middle school, one prekindergarten, and four elementary schools.[20] They also operate an "alternative" high school at the NIKE missile site on a campus shared with the district's transportation services.

The schools of Long Beach City School District are:

Private schools

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  • Long Beach Catholic Regional School
  • Mesivta of Long Beach

Post-secondary education

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  • Rabbinical College of Long Island[41]

Public libraries

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The Long Beach Public Library serves greater Long Beach with the main library downtown and two branch libraries at Point Lookout and the West End.

Transportation

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Buses and trolleys

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Long Beach Bus operates a 24-hour municipal bus service with five routes,[42] including three routes serving the city, one overnight circulator route, and one route extending service to Lido Beach and Point Lookout. Long Beach Bus also operates two seasonal trolley routes, East Loop and West Loop.

Nassau Inter-County Express (NICE) has two bus routes that originate in Long Beach.[20] The n15 and n33 travel to Roosevelt Field and Far Rockaway, via Rockville Centre and Atlantic Beach, respectively.[43][44] The n33 does not provide service wholly within Long Beach.

Railroad

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The Long Beach Long Island Rail Road station in 2021.

The Long Island Rail Road operates a terminal station at Park Place and Park Avenue with service on the railroad's Long Beach Branch.[20] All other public transportation services in Long Beach converge at this terminal.[20] Most trains run to Penn Station (Manhattan) or Atlantic Terminal (Brooklyn).[45]

Notable people

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References

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  1. ^ "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 19, 2022. Retrieved September 20, 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Long Beach city, New York". www.census.gov. Archived from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  3. ^ "Our History provided by Newsday (City of Long Beach Official Site)". Archived from the original on October 14, 2012. Retrieved August 23, 2009.
  4. ^ "- City Manager - the City of Long Beach, New YorkÂ". Archived from the original on July 8, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
  5. ^ Dana, Lauren (March 31, 2022). "The best East Coast beach towns for a summer getaway". Time Out. Archived from the original on April 11, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
  6. ^ Howland, Southworth Allen (1840). Steamboat Disasters and Railroad Accidents in the United States: To which is Appended Accounts of Recent Shipwrecks, Fires at Sea, Thrilling Incidents, Etc. Dorr, Howland & Company. pp. 267–275. Archived from the original on September 16, 2021. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  7. ^ "The Long Beach Hotel: 1880–1907". ILoveLongBeachNewYork.com. Archived from the original on August 30, 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  8. ^ "Our History & Mission | The Long Beach Chamber". thelongbeachchamber.com. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  9. ^ "Long Beach New York - I Love LBNY.Com - William H. Reynolds". www.ilovelbny.com. Archived from the original on January 17, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  10. ^ "W.H. REYNOLDS, BUILDER, DEAD AT 63; Was Founder of Long Beach, L.I., Which He Afterward Served as Mayor. A STATE SENATOR AT 24 Opened Office as Realty Broker at 18--Had Managed Theatres, Race Track, and Coney Island Show. Successful as Realty Man. Built Jamaica Race Track". The New York Times. October 14, 1931. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  11. ^ "1907: Fire Destroys Hotel", In Our Pages, International Herald Tribune, accessed July 29, 2007
  12. ^ a b "History - The City of Long Beach, New York". www.longbeachny.gov. Archived from the original on June 16, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  13. ^ "Policeman Kills Long Beach Mayor, Shoots Bodyguard". The New York Times. November 16, 1939. Archived from the original on April 3, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  14. ^ Cusack, Liam. "The City by the Sea - Long Beach". cooperator.com. Yale Robbins. Archived from the original on September 25, 2017. Retrieved September 24, 2017.
  15. ^ a b Winerip, Michael (March 13, 1983). "In Long Beach, the Tide Seems to Be Turning". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 2, 2019. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  16. ^ "New Development Proposed for Superblock". Long Beach, NY Patch. January 22, 2014. Archived from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  17. ^ "1st section of Long Beach boardwalk reopens after Superstorm Sandy". WABC TV. Archived from the original on July 30, 2013. Retrieved July 26, 2013.
  18. ^ "Long Beach boardwalk to fully reopen after Superstorm Sandy". WABC TV. Archived from the original on October 28, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013.
  19. ^ "Long Beach gets $4.4 million for boardwalk". Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved September 10, 2020.
  20. ^ a b c d e "Long Island Index: Interactive Map". www.longislandindexmaps.org. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved September 16, 2021.
  21. ^ "Average Weather for Long Beach, NY - Temperature and Precipitation". Archived from the original on August 18, 2014. Retrieved July 3, 2012.
  22. ^ "American FactFinder - Results". Archived from the original on February 10, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
  23. ^ "New York Rising Reconstruction Plan, Long Beach" (PDF). Stormrecovery.ny.gov. 2014. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  24. ^ Hagstrom Nassau County Atlas. Hagstrom Maps. 1999.
  25. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  26. ^ "National Register of Historic Places Listings". Weekly List of Actions Taken on Properties: 5/18/15 through 5/22/15. National Park Service. May 29, 2015.
  27. ^ "National Register of Historic Places Listings". Weekly List of Actions Taken on Properties: 1/26/15 through 1/30/15. National Park Service. February 6, 2015.
  28. ^ "Long Beach Island Landmarks Association". lbila.org. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  29. ^ "Long Beach Historical Society". Long Beach Historical Society - Long Beach, New York. Archived from the original on February 23, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  30. ^ "MLK Center". lbmlk.org. Archived from the original on August 5, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2020.
  31. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on October 3, 2014. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  32. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 27, 1996. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  33. ^ "Religion in Long Beach, New York". Sperling's BestPlaces. Archived from the original on August 28, 2023. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  34. ^ "Dave's Redistricting". Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  35. ^ Carpenter, Brendan (January 19, 2024). "At long last, Long Beach has a permanent city manager". Long Island Herald. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
  36. ^ Barmash, Jerry (January 22, 2024). "Ronald Walsh Steps Down As Long Beach Police Commissioner". Patch. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
  37. ^ Asbury, John (January 4, 2023). "Long Beach, City Manager Donna Gayden agree to part ways". Newsday. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
  38. ^ Barmash, Jerry (April 17, 2024). "Former Long Beach Attorney Settles For $250K From City Council". Patch. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
  39. ^ Costell, Alex (July 22, 2020). "Long Beach Sues Schnirman, Agostisi For $2M Over Payouts". Patch. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
  40. ^ "City of Long Beach, NY: City Council". City of Long Beach, NY. January 2024. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
  41. ^ "Rabbinical College of Long Island | the College Board". Archived from the original on July 13, 2012. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
  42. ^ "Transportation". City of Long Beach. Archived from the original on September 8, 2020. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
  43. ^ "n15 Long Beach – Roosevelt Field" (PDF). Nassau Inter-County Express. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 20, 2019. Retrieved September 13, 2019.
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