The Socialist Forces Front (Arabic: جبهة القوى الاشتراكية; Berber languages: Tirni n (Y)iɣallen Inemlayen) is a social democratic and secularist political party, mainly supported by Berbers in Algeria. The FFS is a member of the Socialist International and the Progressive Alliance. It led an unsuccessful rebellion against the Algerian government from 1963 to 1964.
Socialist Forces Front
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|---|---|
 | |
| Abbreviation | FFS |
| First National Secretary | Youcef Aouchiche |
| Founder | Hocine Aït Ahmed |
| Founded | 29 September 1963 |
| Legalised | 1990 |
| Split from | FLN |
| Headquarters | Algiers, Algeria |
| Ideology | Democratic socialism |
| Political position | Centre-left to left-wing |
| National affiliation | Forces of the Democratic Alternative (2019–2020) |
| International affiliation | |
| Colours | Blue |
| Council of the Nation | 4 / 144 |
| People's National Assembly | 0 / 407 |
| People's Provincial Assemblies | 63 / 2,004 |
| Municipalities | 64 / 1,540 |
| People's Municipal Assemblies | 897 / 24,786 |
| Party flag | |
.jpg) | |
| Website | |
| www.ffs.dz | |
History and profile
editEstablishment and rebellion (1963)
editThe party was formed by Hocine Aït Ahmed on 29 September 1963[1][2] in the city of Tizi Ouzou to oppose Ben Bella's government. Following the party's creation, Aït Ahmed began an armed rebellion and captured a number of towns in Kabylia. The Ben Bella government, aided by the National Liberation Army, swiftly took control of the dissident towns during a mostly bloodless confrontation. The FFS rebels were not supported by the people and were pushed into the mountains by the government's army.[3] Preferring to avoid direct conflict, the FFS and its soldiers retracted into the mountains from where they could launch guerrilla tactics. The rebellion was defeated in 1964 and Hocine Aït Ahmed was arrested and sentenced to death.
The 1963 conflict resulted in 10 months of armed confrontation in the region, leaving more than four hundred dead, and most of the FLN leaders from Kabylia and the eastern provinces either executed or forced into exile.[4] Hocine Aït Ahmed escaped prison in 1966 and fled to Switzerland.
Party legalization (1990)
editThe party was legalised in 1990.[1] It however boycotted the 2002 and 2007 legislative elections and the 2009 presidential election "calling it systematic electoral fraud in favour of the ruling parties".[5]
2012 legislative election
editThough former Prime Minister Sid Ahmed Ghozali urged a boycott on the grounds that the election would be "a foregone conclusion",[6] the party decided to participate in the 2012 legislative election. Apart from international monitors being invited to observe the process, Algerian Workers' Party leader Louisa Hanoune, a quite successful candidate to the 2009 presidential elections, had announced to work towards an alliance of the two parties.[7]
Hocine Aït Ahmed wrote to the Council of the Nation saying that "participation in these elections is a tactical necessity for the FFS, which falls in line with (its) construction strategy of peaceful democratic alternative to this despotic regime, corrupt and destructive. [The purpose of the party] does not lie in a quota of seats to reach [but] in mobilising political[ly] and peaceful[ly] in our party and our people."[5] With an electoral result of mere 2.47%, the party reached 27 seats making it the second-largest opposition power after the Islamist Green Algeria Alliance.
See also
edit- Berber people
- Politics of Algeria
- Rally for Culture and Democracy (RCD)
- Arouch Movement - A political organization modelled on traditional Berber village councils.
References
edit- ^ a b Augustus Richard Norton (2001). Civil society in the Middle East. 2 (2001). BRILL. p. 83. ISBN 90-04-10469-0. Archived from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
- ^ "Leftist Parties of Algeria". Broad Left. Archived from the original on 10 October 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016.
- ^ SSSR), Institut Afriki (Akademii͡a nauk; Smirnov, Sergeĭ Rufovich (1968). A History of Africa 1918-1967. "Nauka" Publishing House.
- ^ Le Saout, Didier; Rollinde, Marguerite (1999). Émeutes et Mouvements sociaux au Maghreb. Karthala. p. 46. ISBN 978-2-865-37998-9.
- ^ a b "Algérie : le FFS ira aux législatives" Archived 6 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Le Figaro. Retrieved on 10 May 2012.
- ^ Le FFS ira aux élections : « le boycott du prochain scrutin ne constitue pas un meilleur choix que la participation » Archived 24 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Siwel.info. Retrieved on 10 May 2012.
- ^ L'Expression – Le Quotidien – Louisa Hanoune candidate à Alger Archived 6 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Lexpressiondz.com. Retrieved on 10 May 2012.