Soyuz 27 (Russian: Союз 27, Union 27) was a 1978 Soviet crewed spacecraft which flew to the orbiting Salyut 6 space station, during the mission EP-1.[2] It was the third crewed flight to the station, the second successful docking and the first visitation mission. Once docked, it marked the first time that three spacecraft were docked together.
| Mission type | Crewed mission to Salyut 6 |
|---|---|
| Operator | OKB-1 |
| COSPAR ID | 1978-003A |
| SATCAT no. | 10560 |
| Mission duration | 65 days |
| Orbits completed | 1025 |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Soyuz s/n 44 |
| Spacecraft type | Soyuz 7K-T |
| Manufacturer | NPO Energia |
| Launch mass | 6800 kg |
| Crew | |
| Crew size | 2 |
| Launching | Vladimir Dzhanibekov Oleg Makarov |
| Landing | Yuri Romanenko Georgy Grechko |
| Callsign | Памир Pamir Pamir Mountains |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 10 January 1978, 12:26:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Soyuz-U s/n D15000-106 |
| Launch site | Baikonur, Site 1/5[1] |
| Contractor | OKB-1 |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | 16 March 1978, 11:18:47 UTC |
| Landing site | 310 km at west of Tselinograd |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Perigee altitude | 198.9 km |
| Apogee altitude | 253.8 km |
| Inclination | 51.65° |
| Period | 88.73 minutes |
| Docking with Salyut 6 | |
| Docking date | 11 January 1978, 14:05:54 UTC |
| Undocking date | 16 March 1978, 07:58:00 UTC |
Soyuz programme (Crewed missions) | |
The main function of the EP-1 mission was to swap Soyuz craft with the orbiting crew, in so doing freeing a docking port for a forthcoming supply tanker. Cosmonauts Vladimir Dzhanibekov and Oleg Makarov returned to Earth in the Soyuz 26 spacecraft after spending five days on the station. The descent module is displayed at the Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov Museum of Cosmonautics in Zhytomyr, Ukraine.[3]
Crew
edit| Position | Launching Cosmonaut | Landing Cosmonaut |
|---|---|---|
| Commander | Vladimir Dzhanibekov EP-1 First spaceflight |
Yuri Romanenko EO-1 First spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer | Oleg Makarov EP-1 Third spaceflight |
Georgy Grechko EO-1 Second spaceflight |
Backup crew
edit| Position | Cosmonaut | |
|---|---|---|
| Commander | Vladimir Kovalyonok | |
| Flight Engineer | Aleksandr Ivanchenkov | |
| The launching and landing crews had the same backups | ||
Mission parameters
edit- Mass: 6,800 kilograms (15,000 lb)
- Perigee: 198.9 kilometres (123.6 mi)
- Apogee: 253.8 kilometres (157.7 mi)
- Inclination: 51.65°
- Period: 88.73 minutes
References
edit- ^ "Baikonur LC1". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 15 April 2009. Retrieved 4 March 2009.
- ^ Becker, Joachim. "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz 27". Spacefacts.de. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ "Подорож у минуле". Музей космонавтики ім. С.П. Корольова Житомирської обласної Ради. Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov Museum of Cosmonautics. 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
External links
edit
- Zimmerman, Robert (6 September 2003). Leaving Earth: Space Stations, Rival Superpowers, and the Quest for Interplanetary Travel. doi:10.17226/10531. ISBN 978-0-309-09739-0. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
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