禱

See also: 祷

禱	U+79B1, 禱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79B1

← 禰
[U+79B0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

禲 →
[U+79B2]

Translingual

Japanese	祷
Simplified	祷
Traditional	禱

Han character

禱 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 戈火土弓戈 (IFGNI), four-corner 3424₁, composition ⿰礻壽)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 847, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24852
Dae Jaweon: page 1269, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2410, character 10
Unihan data for U+79B1

Chinese

trad.		禱
simp.		祷
alternative forms		𥛇𥛈𥙸𥜣𮖻

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (壽) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
禱	tuːʔ, tuːs
擣	*tuːʔ
檮	tuːʔ, duː, *du
壔	*tuːʔ
懤	tuːʔ, du, *dus
濤	duː, duː
燾	duː, duːs
翿	duː, duːs
幬	duːs, du
儔	duːs, du
譸	*tu
籌	*du
疇	*du
躊	*du
燽	*du
薵	*du
魗	tʰjuʔ, dju
醻	*dju
壽	djuʔ, djus
璹	djuʔ, djuɡ
鑄	*tjos

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dǎo (dao³)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄠˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tou² / dou²
Eastern Min (BUC): dō̤
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tó / tó͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dǎo
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dǎo
  - Wade–Giles: tao³
  - Yale: dǎu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dao
  - Palladius: дао (dao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: tou² / dou²
  - Yale: tóu / dóu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tou² / dou²
  - Guangdong Romanization: tou² / dou²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯³⁵/, /tou̯³⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dō̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /to³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó
  - Tâi-lô: tó
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doir
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /to⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /to⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó͘
  - Tâi-lô: tóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dor
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ⁵⁵⁴/

Middle Chinese: tawX, tawH

Rime
Character	禱	禱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	端 (5)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	都晧切	都導切
Baxter	tawX	tawH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/taw^X/	/taw^H/
Li Rong	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Wang Li	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dǎo	dào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dou²	dou³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[t]ˤuʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*tuːʔ/, /*tuːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	禱
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dǎo
Middle Chinese	‹ taw^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[t]ˁuʔ/
English	pray
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	禱	禱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	11678	11683
Phonetic component	壽	壽
Rime group	幽	幽
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	倒	到
Old Chinese	/*tuːʔ/	/*tuːs/

Definitions

禱

to pray
默禱／默祷 ― mòdǎo ― to pray silently
- 吉日維戊，既伯既禱。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  吉日维戊，既伯既祷。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Jírì wéi wù, jì bó jì dǎo. [Pinyin]
  A lucky day was wù, and we sacrificed on it to the Ruler of horses, and prayed.
- 1999, 西伯 (lyrics and music), “上帝聽禱告”‎^[1]performed by 鄧婉玲 and 蘇如紅:
  
  神啊　可否聽聽我禱 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
  神啊　可否听听我祷 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
  san⁴ aa³, ho² fau² teng¹ teng¹ ngo⁵ tou² [Jyutping]
  O God, can You listen to me pray?

Compounds

References

“禱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	祷
Kyūjitai	禱

Kanji

禱

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 祷)

Readings

Go-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
Kan-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
Kun: いのり (inori, 禱り)、いのる (inoru, 禱る)、まつる (matsuru, 禱る)

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [to̞]
Phonetic hangul: [도]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

禱

Wikisource

禱 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)

to pray