See also: and
U+9F9C, 龜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F9C

[U+9F9B]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9F9D]
U+2FD4, ⿔
KANGXI RADICAL TURTLE

[U+2FD3]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2FD5]
U+2EF1, ⻱
CJK RADICAL TURTLE

[U+2EF0]
CJK Radicals Supplement
[U+2EF2]

U+F907, 龜
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F907

[U+F906]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F908]

U+F908, 龜
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F908

[U+F907]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F909]

U+FACE, 龜
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FACE

[U+FACD]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+FACF]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 
Stroke order
(Hong Kong)
 
Stroke order
(alternative)
 
Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 213, +0, 18 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 16 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 竹月尸尸 (HBSS) or 弓難山 (NXU), four-corner 27117, composition ⿹⿷⿻𢑑(H) or ⿻⿻⿴⿹𠃌(G) or 丿⿻⿻⿴⿹𠃌)

  1. Kangxi radical #213, .

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1537, character 23
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48847
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2078, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4809, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+9F9C

Chinese

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trad.
simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       

Pictogram (象形) : A drawing of a turtle seen from the side and from above (Bronze inscriptions).

Etymology 1

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Austroasiatic. Compare Mon ဂွိ (gwi, soft-shell turtle), Nyah Kur ทะวี่ʔ (tha wìiʼ, soft-shell turtle) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • ku - vernacular;
  • kui - literary.
Note:
  • 1jy - vernacular;
  • 1kue - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (28)
Final () (18)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter kwij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠiuɪ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷᵚi/
Shao
Rongfen
/kiuɪ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kjwi/
Li
Rong
/kjui/
Wang
Li
/kwi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kwi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwai1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guī
Middle
Chinese
‹ kwij ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ʷrə/
English tortoise

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 4616
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʷrɯ/

Definitions

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  1. turtle; tortoise (Classifier: c)
  2. (figurative) cuckold
  3. (Cantonese, humorous) signature (Classifier: c)
    [Cantonese]  ―  waak6 zek3 gwai1 [Jyutping]  ―  (humorous) to sign (literally, “to draw a turtle”)
    [Cantonese]  ―  liu2 zek3 gwai1 [Jyutping]  ―  (humorous) to sign (literally, “to doodle a turtle”)
  4. (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) police
Synonyms
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  • (tortoise):

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • Zhuang: gvi

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (28)
Final () (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter kjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨu/
Pan
Wuyun
/kiu/
Shao
Rongfen
/kiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kuw/
Li
Rong
/kiu/
Wang
Li
/kĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ki̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jiū
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gau1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guī
Middle
Chinese
‹ kjuw ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ʷə/
English tortoise

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 4614
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʷɯ/

Definitions

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  1. Only used in 龜茲龟兹 (Qiūcí).

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. (of skin) to crack; to become chapped

Compounds

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. Kyūjitai form of

Readings

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  • Go-on: (ki) (ki, historical)
  • Kan-on: (ki) (ki, historical)
  • Kun: かめ (kame, )

From Middle Chinese (MC kjuw), as in 龜茲 (Kyūji)

Definitions

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Kanji in this term
かめ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
Kanji in this term

Hyōgai
on'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
S
[kanji] jōyō kanji
Kanji reading:
こん, きん
(This term, , is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese (MC kwij).

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 거북 (geobuk gwi))

  1. hanja form? of (tortoise; turtle)

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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From Middle Chinese (MC kjuw).

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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(eumhun 이름 (ttang ireum gu))

  1. hanja form? of (used in placenames)

Compounds

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Etymology 3

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From Middle Chinese .

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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(eumhun 터질 (teojil gyun))

  1. hanja form? of (crack)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Old Japanese

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Etymology

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From Proto-Japonic *kamaCi.[1]

Noun

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(kame2) (kana かめ)

  1. a tortoise, turtle
  2. a tortoise shell used in 亀卜 (kiboku, tortoise-shell divination)
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 16, poem 3811:
      ...千磐破神爾毛莫負卜部座毛莫燒曾戀之久爾...
      ...tipayaburu kami2 ni mo na opose urape2 mase kame2 mo na yaki1 so2 ko1pi2siku ni...
      ...mighty gods that carry not the burden, do divination with the unburnt tortoise shell with longing...

Descendants

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  • Japanese: (kame)

References

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  1. ^ Samuel E. Martin (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: qui, quân, quy

  1. chữ Hán form of quy (turtle).

Compounds

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