굵다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 굵〯다〮 (Yale: kwǔlk-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈku(ː)k̚t͈a̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [국(ː)따]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	gukda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	gulgda
McCune–Reischauer?	kukta
Yale Romanization?	kwūlkta

Adjective

굵다 • (gukda) (infinitive 굵어, sequential 굵으니)

1. to be thick

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 굵다 (gukda): consonant-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	굵다 gukda	굵어 gulgeo	굵어요 gulgeoyo	굵습니다 gukseumnida
	Past	굵었다 gulgeotda	굵었어 gulgeosseo	굵었어요 gulgeosseoyo	굵었습니다 gulgeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	굵으냐 gulgeunya	굵어 gulgeo	굵어요 gulgeoyo	굵습니까 gukseumnikka
	Past	굵었냐 gulgeonnya	굵었어 gulgeosseo	굵었어요 gulgeosseoyo	굵었습니까 gulgeotseumnikka
Assertive		굵겠다 gulgetda	굵겠어 gulgesseo	굵겠어요 gulgesseoyo	굵겠습니다 gulgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		굵어 gulgeo	굵어서 gulgeoseo	굵으니 gulgeuni	굵으니까 gulgeunikka
Contrast		굵지만 gukjiman	굵은데 gulgeunde	굵더니 gukdeoni
Conjunction		굵고 gulgo
Condition		굵으면 gulgeumyeon	굵어야 gulgeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		굵음 gulgeum	굵기 gulgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		굵었음 gulgeosseum	굵었기 gulgeotgi
Determiners	Present		굵은 gulgeun
	Future		굵을 gulgeul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	굵으시다 gulgeusida	굵으셔 gulgeusyeo	굵으세요, 굵으셔요 gulgeuseyo, gulgeusyeoyo	굵으십니다 gulgeusimnida
	Past	굵으셨다 gulgeusyeotda	굵으셨어 gulgeusyeosseo	굵으셨어요 gulgeusyeosseoyo	굵으셨습니다 gulgeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	굵으시냐 gulgeusinya	굵으셔 gulgeusyeo	굵으세요, 굵으셔요 gulgeuseyo, gulgeusyeoyo	굵으십니까 gulgeusimnikka
	Past	굵으셨냐 gulgeusyeonnya	굵으셨어 gulgeusyeosseo	굵으셨어요 gulgeusyeosseoyo	굵으셨습니까 gulgeusyeotseumnikka
Assertive		굵으시겠다 gulgeusigetda	굵으시겠어 gulgeusigesseo	굵으시겠어요 gulgeusigesseoyo	굵으시겠습니다 gulgeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		굵으셔 gulgeusyeo	굵으셔서 gulgeusyeoseo	굵으시니 gulgeusini	굵으시니까 gulgeusinikka
Contrast		굵으시지만 gulgeusijiman	굵으신데 gulgeusinde	굵으시더니 gulgeusideoni
Conjunction		굵으시고 gulgeusigo
Condition		굵으시면 gulgeusimyeon	굵으셔야 gulgeusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		굵으심 gulgeusim	굵으시기 gulgeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		굵으셨음 gulgeusyeosseum	굵으셨기 gulgeusyeotgi
Determiners	Present		굵으신 gulgeusin
	Future		굵으실 gulgeusil

Middle Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kulk.ta/, [kǔlk̚.t͈à]

Adjective

굵〯다〮 (kwǔlktá)

1. to be thick

   Synonym: 두껍다 (twukkepta)

Descendants

• Jeju: 훍다 (hukda)
• Korean: 굵다 (gukda)