-taa
See also: Appendix:Variations of "taa"
Finnish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *-tadak, from Proto-Uralic *-ta- (verbalizer).
Suffix
edit-taa (front vowel harmony variant -tää, stem -ta-, linguistic notation -tA- or -tAA)
- Forms causative verbs from verbs.
- Forms factitive verbs from nouns and adjectives.
- aineellinen (“corporeal”) + -taa → aineellistaa (“materialize”)
- askel (“step”) + -taa → askeltaa (“to step, to tread”)
- hidas (“slow”) + -taa → hidastaa (“to slow”)
- kaksinkertainen (“double”) + -taa → kaksinkertaistaa (“to double”)
- rakas (“love”) + -taa → rakastaa (“to love”)
- toinen (“second”) + -taa → toistaa (“to repeat”)
- valmis (“prepared”) + -taa → valmistaa (“to prepare”)
- veitsi (“knife”) + -taa → veistää (“to whittle”)
Usage notes
editUsed mainly on monosyllabic and consonant-stem roots. On bisyllabic vowel-stem roots, -ta is more common. Trisyllabic nominals ending in -la, -lä, -ra, -rä usually adopt a consonant stem (e.g. hämärä: hämärtää, kihara: kihartaa).
Conjugation
editThe conjugation may be any of conjugation classes 53 (muistaa, the most common), 54 (huutaa), 55 (soutaa), 57 (saartaa) or rarely 56 (kaivaa).
Derived terms
editAnagrams
editIngrian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *-tadak. Cognates include Finnish -taa.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-taa (front vowel variant -tää)
- Used to form factitive verbs.
Conjugation
editNote: Actual gradation depends on the preceding consonant.
Conjugation of -taa (type 3/kyntää, t- gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -an | en -a | 1st singular | oon -tant, oon -tanut | en oo -tant, en oo -tanut |
2nd singular | -at | et -a | 2nd singular | oot -tant, oot -tanut | et oo -tant, et oo -tanut |
3rd singular | -taa | ei -a | 3rd singular | ono -tant, ono -tanut | ei oo -tant, ei oo -tanut |
1st plural | -amma | emmä -a | 1st plural | oomma -taneet | emmä oo -taneet |
2nd plural | -atta | että -a | 2nd plural | ootta -taneet | että oo -taneet |
3rd plural | -taat1), -tavat2), -etaa | evät -a, ei -eta | 3rd plural | ovat -taneet | evät oo -taneet, ei oo -ettu |
impersonal | -etaa | ei -eta | impersonal | ono -ettu | ei oo -ettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -sin | en -tant, en -tanut | 1st singular | olin -tant, olin -tanut | en olt -tant, en olt -tanut |
2nd singular | -sit | et -tant, et -tanut | 2nd singular | olit -tant, olit -tanut | et olt -tant, et olt -tanut |
3rd singular | -si | ei -tant, ei -tanut | 3rd singular | oli -tant, oli -tanut | ei olt -tant, ei olt -tanut |
1st plural | -simma | emmä -taneet | 1st plural | olimma -taneet | emmä olleet -taneet |
2nd plural | -sitta | että -taneet | 2nd plural | olitta -taneet | että olleet -taneet |
3rd plural | -siit1), -sivat2), -ettii | evät -taneet, ei -ettu | 3rd plural | olivat -taneet | evät olleet -taneet, ei olt -ettu |
impersonal | -ettii | ei -ettu | impersonal | oli -ettu | ei olt -ettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -taisin | en -tais | 1st singular | olisin -tant, olisin -tanut | en olis -tant, en olis -tanut |
2nd singular | -taisit, -taist1) | et -tais | 2nd singular | olisit -tant, olisit -tanut | et olis -tant, et olis -tanut |
3rd singular | -tais | ei -tais | 3rd singular | olis -tant, olis -tanut | ei olis -tant, ei olis -tanut |
1st plural | -taisimma | emmä -tais | 1st plural | olisimma -taneet | emmä olis -taneet |
2nd plural | -taisitta | että -tais | 2nd plural | olisitta -taneet | että olis -taneet |
3rd plural | -taisiit1), -taisivat2), -ettais | evät -tais, ei -ettais | 3rd plural | olisivat -taneet | evät olis -taneet, ei olis -ettu |
impersonal | -ettais | ei -ettais | impersonal | olis -ettu | ei olis -ettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | -a | elä -a | 2nd singular | oo -tant, oo -tanut | elä oo -tant, elä oo -tanut |
3rd singular | -takoo | elköö -tako | 3rd singular | olkoo -tant, olkoo -tanut | elköö olko -tant, elköö olko -tanut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | -takaa | elkää -tako | 2nd plural | olkaa -taneet | elkää olko -taneet |
3rd plural | -takoot | elkööt -tako, elköö -ettako | 3rd plural | olkoot -taneet | elkööt olko -taneet, elköö olko -ettu |
impersonal | -ettakkoo | elköö -ettako | impersonal | olkoo -ettu | elköö olko -ettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | -tanen | en -tane | |||
2nd singular | -tanet | et -tane | |||
3rd singular | -tanoo | ei -tane | |||
1st plural | -tanemma | emmä -tane | |||
2nd plural | -tanetta | että -tane | |||
3rd plural | -tanoot | evät -tane, ei -ettane | |||
impersonal | -ettannoo | ei -ettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | -taa | present | -tava | -ettava | |
2nd | inessive | -tajees | past | -tant, -tanut | -ettu |
instructive | -taen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-takaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | -tamaa | |||
inessive | -tamaas | ||||
elative | -tamast | ||||
abessive | -tamata | ||||
4th | nominative | -tamiin | |||
partitive | -tamista, -tamist |
Conjugation of -taa (type 2/kirjuttaa, t- gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -an | en -a | 1st singular | oon -tant, oon -tanut | en oo -tant, en oo -tanut |
2nd singular | -at | et -a | 2nd singular | oot -tant, oot -tanut | et oo -tant, et oo -tanut |
3rd singular | -taa | ei -a | 3rd singular | ono -tant, ono -tanut | ei oo -tant, ei oo -tanut |
1st plural | -amma | emmä -a | 1st plural | oomma -taneet | emmä oo -taneet |
2nd plural | -atta | että -a | 2nd plural | ootta -taneet | että oo -taneet |
3rd plural | -taat1), -tavat2), -ettaa | evät -a, ei -eta | 3rd plural | ovat -taneet | evät oo -taneet, ei oo -ettu |
impersonal | -ettaa | ei -eta | impersonal | ono -ettu | ei oo -ettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -in | en -tant, en -tanut | 1st singular | olin -tant, olin -tanut | en olt -tant, en olt -tanut |
2nd singular | -it | et -tant, et -tanut | 2nd singular | olit -tant, olit -tanut | et olt -tant, et olt -tanut |
3rd singular | -ti | ei -tant, ei -tanut | 3rd singular | oli -tant, oli -tanut | ei olt -tant, ei olt -tanut |
1st plural | -imma | emmä -taneet | 1st plural | olimma -taneet | emmä olleet -taneet |
2nd plural | -itta | että -taneet | 2nd plural | olitta -taneet | että olleet -taneet |
3rd plural | -tiit1), -tivat2), -ettii | evät -taneet, ei -ettu | 3rd plural | olivat -taneet | evät olleet -taneet, ei olt -ettu |
impersonal | -ettii | ei -ettu | impersonal | oli -ettu | ei olt -ettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -taisin | en -tais | 1st singular | olisin -tant, olisin -tanut | en olis -tant, en olis -tanut |
2nd singular | -taisit, -taist1) | et -tais | 2nd singular | olisit -tant, olisit -tanut | et olis -tant, et olis -tanut |
3rd singular | -tais | ei -tais | 3rd singular | olis -tant, olis -tanut | ei olis -tant, ei olis -tanut |
1st plural | -taisimma | emmä -tais | 1st plural | olisimma -taneet | emmä olis -taneet |
2nd plural | -taisitta | että -tais | 2nd plural | olisitta -taneet | että olis -taneet |
3rd plural | -taisiit1), -taisivat2), -ettais | evät -tais, ei -ettais | 3rd plural | olisivat -taneet | evät olis -taneet, ei olis -ettu |
impersonal | -ettais | ei -ettais | impersonal | olis -ettu | ei olis -ettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | -a | elä -a | 2nd singular | oo -tant, oo -tanut | elä oo -tant, elä oo -tanut |
3rd singular | -takoo | elköö -tako | 3rd singular | olkoo -tant, olkoo -tanut | elköö olko -tant, elköö olko -tanut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | -takaa | elkää -tako | 2nd plural | olkaa -taneet | elkää olko -taneet |
3rd plural | -takoot | elkööt -tako, elköö -ettako | 3rd plural | olkoot -taneet | elkööt olko -taneet, elköö olko -ettu |
impersonal | -ettakoo | elköö -ettako | impersonal | olkoo -ettu | elköö olko -ettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | -tanen | en -tane | |||
2nd singular | -tanet | et -tane | |||
3rd singular | -tanoo | ei -tane | |||
1st plural | -tanemma | emmä -tane | |||
2nd plural | -tanetta | että -tane | |||
3rd plural | -tanoot | evät -tane, ei -ettane | |||
impersonal | -ettanoo | ei -ettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | -taa | present | -tava | -ettava | |
2nd | inessive | -tajees | past | -tant, -tanut | -ettu |
instructive | -taen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-takaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | -tamaa | |||
inessive | -tamaas | ||||
elative | -tamast | ||||
abessive | -tamata | ||||
4th | nominative | -tamiin | |||
partitive | -tamista, -tamist |
Derived terms
editCategories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish suffixes
- Finnish verb-forming suffixes
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian suffixes