Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ernustuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From a derivative of *arniz (“efficient, capable, diligent, sure”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to move, stir; to rise, spring”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈer.nus.tuz/

Noun

*ernustuz m or f

1. seriousness; earnest; strength; solidity
2. struggle; fight

Inflection

u-stemDeclension of *ernustuz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*ernustuz	*ernustiwiz
vocative	*ernustu	*ernustiwiz
accusative	*ernustų	*ernustunz
genitive	*ernustauz	*ernustiwǫ̂
dative	*ernustiwi	*ernustumaz
instrumental	*ernustū	*ernustumiz

Descendants

• Old English: eornust, eornost, eornest
  • Middle English: eornest, ernest
    • Scots: ernist, ernyst
    • English: earnest
• Old Frisian: ernst
  • Saterland Frisian: Iedenst
  • West Frisian: earnst
• Old Saxon: ernust, ernist
  • Middle Low German: ērnest, ērnst
    • German Low German: Eernst
• Old Dutch: ernust, ernost
  • Middle Dutch: ernst, ernest
    • Dutch: ernst
      • Afrikaans: erns
      • Negerhollands: ernst
    • Limburgish: èrns
• Old High German: ernust
  • → Czech: Arnošt
  • Middle High German: ërnest, ërnst
    • Alemannic German: Èèrnscht, Ärnscht
    • German: Ernst
      • → English: Ernst, Ernest
    • Luxembourgish: Eescht