Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pustiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Derksen, cognate with *pȗstъ (“empty”) and Old Prussian pausto (“wild”); further connections unknown. Pokorny suggests a connection with Ancient Greek παῦσις (paûsis, “end, rest, pause”) (whence English pause), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂s-, but Derksen challenges this on accentual grounds.

Verb

*pustìti (imperfective *puščati)

1. to let go
2. to let
3. to send

Inflection

Conjugation of *pustiti, *pusti, *pustitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*pusťenьje	*pustiti	*pustitъ	*pustilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*pusťenъ	*pustimъ
Active	*pusťь	*pustę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pustixъ	*pusti	*pusti	*pusťǫ	*pustiši	*pustitь
Dual	*pustixově	*pustista	*pustiste	*pustivě	*pustita	*pustite
Plural	*pustixomъ	*pustiste	*pustišę	*pustimъ	*pustite	*pustętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pusťaaxъ	*pusťaaše	*pusťaaše	—	*pusti	*pusti
Dual	*pusťaaxově	*pusťaašeta	*pusťaašete	*pustivě	*pustita	—
Plural	*pusťaaxomъ	*pusťaašete	*pusťaaxǫ	*pustimъ	*pustite	—

Notes:
• (*)*pustivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *pȗstъ (“empty”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: пустити (pustiti)
    • Belarusian: пусці́ць (puscícʹ)
    • Russian: пусти́ть (pustítʹ)
    • Ukrainian: пусти́ти (pustýty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: поустити (pustiti)

    Glagolitic: ⱂⱆⱄⱅⰻⱅⰻ (pustiti)

  • Bulgarian: пу́стя (pústja) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: пу̀стити

    Latin: pùstiti

  • Slovene: pustíti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: pustiti
    • Czech: pustit
  • Polabian: paustĕt
  • Polish: puścić
  • Slovak: pustiť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: pušćić, pušćeć
    • Lower Sorbian: pušćiś

• → Lithuanian: pũstyti

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “пусти́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 84
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пусти́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) “790”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 790