Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sьrna

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śírˀnāˀ (“horn”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂-néh₂, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, top, horn”).

Noun

*sьrnà or *sь̀rna f

1. roe (deer)
2. chamois (goat)

Declension

Declension of *sьrnà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sьrnà	*sь̃rně	*sьrnỳ
genitive	*sьrnỳ	*sьrnù	*sь̃rnъ
dative	*sьrně̀	*sьrnàma	*sьrnàmъ
accusative	*sьrnǫ̀	*sь̃rně	*sьrnỳ
instrumental	*sьrnòjǫ, *sь̃rnǫ**	*sьrnàma	*sьrnàmī
locative	*sьrně̀	*sьrnù	*sьrnàsъ, *sьrnàxъ*
vocative	*sьrno	*sь̃rně	*sьrnỳ

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Declension of *sь̀rna (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sь̀rna	*sь̀rně	*sь̀rny
genitive	*sь̀rny	*sь̀rnu	*sь̀rnъ
dative	*sь̀rně	*sь̀rnama	*sь̀rnamъ
accusative	*sь̀rnǫ	*sь̀rně	*sь̀rny
instrumental	*sь̀rnojǫ, *sь̀rnǭ**	*sь̀rnama	*sь̀rnamī
locative	*sь̀rně	*sь̀rnu	*sь̀rnasъ, *sь̀rnaxъ*
vocative	*sь̀rno	*sь̀rně	*sь̀rny

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: сьрна (sĭrna)
    • Russian: се́рна (sérna, “chamois”)
    • Ukrainian: се́рна (sérna, “chamois”)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: сърна́ (sǎrná)
  • Macedonian: срна (srna)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ср́на

    Latin script: sŕna

  • Slovene: sŕna (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: srna
    • Czech: srna
  • Kashubian: sarna
  • Polish: sarna
    • → Belarusian: са́рна (sárna)
    • → Russian: сарна́ (sarná)
    • → Ukrainian: са́рна (sárna)
  • Slovak: srna
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: sarna
    • Upper Sorbian: sorna

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сарна́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “се́рна”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress