- Afrikaans: sterrekundige
- Albanian: astronom (sq)
- Arabic: عَالِم فَلَك m (ʕālim falak), فَلَكِي m (falakī), فَلَكِيَة f (falakiya)
- Armenian: աստղաբաշխ (hy) (astġabašx), աստղագետ (hy) (astġaget)
- Asturian: astrónomu m
- Azerbaijani: astronom
- Basque: astronomo (eu)
- Belarusian: астрано́м m (astranóm)
- Bulgarian: астроно́м m (astronóm), астроно́мка f (astronómka)
- Catalan: astrònom (ca) m, astrònoma (ca) f
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 天文學家／天文学家 (zh) (tiānwénxuéjiā)
- Czech: hvězdář (cs) m, astronom (cs) m, astronomka (cs) f
- Danish: astronom (da) c
- Dutch: astronoom (nl) m, sterrenkundige (nl) c
- Esperanto: (♂♀) astronomo (eo), (♀) astronomino
- Estonian: astronoom
- Faroese: stjørnufrøðingur m
- Finnish: tähtitieteilijä (fi), astronomi (fi)
- French: astronome (fr) m or f
- Galician: astrónomo (gl) m
- Georgian: ასტრონომი (asṭronomi)
- German: Astronom (de) m, Astronomus m, Himmelskundler m, Sternkundiger m; (♀) Astronomin (de) f
- Greek: αστρονόμος (el) m or f (astronómos)
- Ancient: ἀστρονόμος m (astronómos)
- Hebrew: אַסְטְרוֹנוֹם (he) m (astrónom), אסטרונוםית f (astrónomit)
- Hindi: खगोल विज्ञानी m (khagol vijñānī)
- Hungarian: csillagász (hu)
- Ido: astronomo (io)
- Indonesian: astronom (id)
- Irish: réalteolaí m
- Italian: astronomo (it) m, astronoma f
- Japanese: 天文学者 (ja) (tenmon-gakusha)
- Kashubian: astronóm m
- Kazakh: астроном (astronom), жұлдызшы (jūldyzşy)
- Korean: 천문학자(天文學者) (ko) (cheonmunhakja)
- Kurdish:
- Central Kurdish: ئەستێرەناس (estêrenas)
- Kyrgyz: астроном (ky) (astronom)
- Lao: ນັກດາລາສາດ (nak dā lā sāt)
- Latin: astrologus (la) m, (Late) astronomus m
- Latvian: astronoms m, astronome f
- Lithuanian: astronomas (lt) m, astronomienė f
- Macedonian: астроном m (astronom)
- Middle Persian: 𐭠𐭧𐭲𐭥𐭬𐭠𐭥 (ʾḥtʿmʾʿ /axtarmār/)
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic: одон оронч (odon oronč), одон орон судлаач (odon oron sudlaač), астрономич (astronomič)
- Mongolian: ᠣᠳᠤᠨ
ᠣᠷᠤᠨᠴᠢ (odun orunči), ᠣᠳᠤᠨ
ᠣᠷᠤᠨ
ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ (odun orun suduluɣači), ᠠᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠤᠨᠤᠮᠢᠴᠢ (astrunumiči)
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: astronom m
- Nynorsk: astronom (nn) m
- Old English: tungolcræftiga m
- Persian: ستارهشناس (setâre-šenâs), اخترشناس (fa) (axtar-šenâs), اخترمار (fa) (axtarmâr)
- Polish: astronom (pl) m or f, astronomka (pl) f
- Portuguese:
- Brazilian: astrônomo (pt) m, astrônoma f
- European: astrónomo (pt) m, astrónoma f
- Romanian: astronom (ro) m, astronomă (ro) f
- Russian: астроно́м (ru) m (astronóm)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: астроном m, звездар m, звездарица f, звјездозна́нац m (archaic)
- Roman: astronom (sh) m, zvezdar m, zvezdarica f, zvjezdoznanac (sh) m (archaic)
- Slovak: hvezdár m, astronóm m
- Slovene: astronom (sl) m
- Sotho: molepi
- Spanish: astrónomo (es) m, astrónoma (es) f
- Swedish: astronom (sv) c
- Tagalog: dalubtala
- Thai: นักดาราศาสตร์ (nák-daa-raa-sàat)
- Turkish: gök bilimci (tr), astronom (tr), uzay bilimci
- Ukrainian: астроно́м (uk) m (astronóm)
- Vietnamese: nhà thiên văn học (家天文學)
- Volapük: stelavan (vo)
- Welsh: seronydd m, serydd m
- West Frisian: stjerrekundige c
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