gaster

See also: Gaster and gäster

English

Etymology

Borrowing from Ancient Greek γᾰστήρ (gastḗr, “paunch, belly”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɡæ.stɚ/
• Rhymes: -æstə(ɹ)

Noun

gaster (plural gasters)

1. (anatomy, rare) The stomach.
2. (zootomy, entomology) The enlarged part of the abdomen behind the petiole in hymenopterous insects (such as ants).

Derived terms

• paragaster
• metagaster

Related terms

• -gastria
• gastric
• gastro-
• melanogaster

References

• “gaster”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

Anagrams

• 'Gaters, Gaters, Greats, Stager, Strega, grates, greats, ragest, retags, stager, targes

Latin

Etymology

Borrowing from Ancient Greek γᾰστήρ (gastḗr, “paunch, belly”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈɡas.ter/, [ˈɡäs̠t̪ɛr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡas.ter/, [ˈɡäst̪er]

Noun

gaster f (variously declined, genitive gasteris or gastrī); third declension, second declension

1. (literal) the belly

   Synonym: (pure Latin) venter

2. (transferred sense) a big-bellied vessel
   • c. 27 CE – 66 CE, Petronius, Satyricon 70:

     Consternati nos insolentia ebriorum intentavimus oculos in proeliantes, notavimusque ostrea pectinesque e gastris labentia, quae collecta puer lance circumtulit.

Inflection

Third-declension noun or second-declension noun (nominative singular in -er).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	gaster	gasterēs gastrī
Genitive	gasteris gastrī	gasterum gastrōrum
Dative	gasterī gastrō	gasteribus gastrīs
Accusative	gasterem gastrum	gasterēs gastrōs
Ablative	gastere gastrō	gasteribus gastrīs
Vocative	gaster	gasterēs gastrī

Derived terms

• gastricus

Related terms

• digastricus

References

• “gaster”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• gaster in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French, from Latin vastāre, present active infinitive of vastō. The initial g is under the influence of Frankish *wuostjan, *wuastjan, itself from Latin vastō or from the same pre-Latin source.

Verb

gaster

1. to waste (not make good use of)
2. to destroy

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of gaster

infinitive	simple	gaster
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	gastant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		gasté
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	gaste	gastes	gaste	gastons	gastez	gastent
	imperfect	gastois, gastoys	gastois, gastoys	gastoit, gastoyt	gastions, gastyons	gastiez, gastyez	gastoient, gastoyent
	past historic	gasta	gastas	gasta	gastasmes	gastastes	gasterent
	future	gasterai, gasteray	gasteras	gastera	gasterons	gasterez	gasteront
	conditional	gasterois, gasteroys	gasterois, gasteroys	gasteroit, gasteroyt	gasterions, gasteryons	gasteriez, gasteryez	gasteroient, gasteroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	gaste	gastes	gaste	gastons	gastez	gastent
	imperfect	gastasse	gastasses	gastast	gastassions	gastassiez	gastassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	gaste	—	gastons	gastez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Synonyms

• (to destroy): destruire

Descendants

• French: gâter

Old French

Alternative forms

• guaster

Etymology

From Latin vastāre, derived from vāstus (“waste, desert”). The initial g(u) is under the influence of synonymous Frankish *wōstijan, itself from *wōstī, a cognate of Latin vāstus through Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂stos.

Verb

gaster

1. to waste (not make good use of)
2. to destroy

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-sts, *-stt are modified to z, st. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of gaster (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		gaster			avoir gasté
gerund		en gastant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		gastant
past participle		gasté
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	gast	gastes	gaste	gastons	gastez	gastent
	imperfect	gastoie, gasteie, gastoe, gasteve	gastoies, gasteies, gastoes, gasteves	gastoit, gasteit, gastot, gasteve	gastiiens, gastiens	gastiiez, gastiez	gastoient, gasteient, gastoent, gastevent
	preterite	gastai	gastas	gasta	gastames	gastastes	gasterent
	future	gasterai	gasteras	gastera	gasterons	gasteroiz, gastereiz, gasterez	gasteront
	conditional	gasteroie, gastereie	gasteroies, gastereies	gasteroit, gastereit	gasteriiens, gasteriens	gasteriiez, gasteriez	gasteroient, gastereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	gast	gaz	gast	gastons	gastez	gastent
	imperfect	gastasse	gastasses	gastast	gastissons, gastissiens	gastissoiz, gastissez, gastissiez	gastassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	gaste	—	gastons	gastez	—

Synonyms

• (to destroy): destruire

Related terms

• guastine, gastine

Descendants

• Middle French: gaster
  • French: gâter