Wikipedia:Dispute resolution noticeboard: Difference between revisions
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"Sais the city is the culture centre of the worship of the goddess Neith" Page 369}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Camps |first=G. |date=1989-01-01 |title=Athéna |url=https://journals.openedition.org/encyclopedieberbere/1211 |journal=Encyclopédie berbère |language=fr |issue=7 |pages=1011–1013 |doi=10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.1211 |issn=1015-7344 |quote="Il faut citer en premier lieu la déesse égypto-libyque Nît, très ancienne mais particulièrement adorée durant l’époque saïte, au moment où la Basse-Egypte est soumise à une forte influence libyenne et où règne une dynastie de même origine. Nît" |trans-quote="We must first mention the Egyptian-Libyan goddess Nit, very ancient but particularly worshiped during the Saite era, when Lower Egypt was subject to a strong Libyan influence and where a dynasty of the same origin reigned. Nit"}}</ref>{{sfn|Lesko|1999|pp=47-48, 58}} worshipped by Libyans and [[Ancient Egyptian deities|ancient Egyptians]].<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mark |first=Joshua J. |title=Neith |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Neith/ |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=World History Encyclopedia |language=en |quote="Neith may have originally been a fertility deity corresponding to the goddess Tanit who was later worshipped in North Africa at Carthage"}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=Neith – OCCULT WORLD |url=https://occult-world.com/neith/ |access-date=2024-07-27 |language=en-US}}</ref> She was adopted from Libya (or was a divinity of the local Libyan population in [[Sais]] in Egypt<ref>{{Cite web |title=Libyco-Berber relations with ancient Egypt: the Tehenu in Egyptian records |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000070515 |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=unesdoc.unesco.org |quote=The temple of Sais, in the western delta, the chief centre of Libyan influence in Egypt, bore the name of 'House of the king of Lower Egypt'. The chief goddess of this temple was Neith ('the terrible with her bows and arrows') and she was 'living in the west'. The Libyans of north-west Egypt, especially in Sais, tattooed the emblem of Neith upon their arms. It seems that Sais was the residence of a Libyan king of the delta at a certain time. The origin of the ''uraeus'', the royal serpent of the Pharaohs, is said to be traced to an early Libyan king of the delta, as shown from the reliefs discovered in Sahure's pyramid-temple at Abusir bearing the drawing of four Libyan chiefs wearing on their brows this royal emblem. It is worth noting that the Tehenu was the principal Libyan tribe who used to infiltrate into Egypt before the Libyan invasions, which will be dealt with later.}}</ref><ref name=":1" />{{Efn|1='Western Delta was considered 'Ament(the west)' = 'Libya' by ancient egyptians}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-25 |title=The Grand Egyptian Museum |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025210207/http://www.gem.gov.eg/index/Gallery%20-G1_5.htm |access-date=2024-08-18 |website=web.archive.org |quote="a toponym of Libya or Western Delta"}}</ref>, where her oracle was located).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lybico-Berber Heritage in Ancient Egypt |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000070515 |access-date=2024-08-18 |website=unesdoc.unesco.org |quote=the oracle of Sais was Libyan and the temple priests were Libyan}}</ref><ref name=":02" /> Her worship is attested as early as [[Predynastic Egypt]], around 6000 BC.{{efn|Scholar Richard H. Wilkinson comments on this: |
"Sais the city is the culture centre of the worship of the goddess Neith" Page 369}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Camps |first=G. |date=1989-01-01 |title=Athéna |url=https://journals.openedition.org/encyclopedieberbere/1211 |journal=Encyclopédie berbère |language=fr |issue=7 |pages=1011–1013 |doi=10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.1211 |issn=1015-7344 |quote="Il faut citer en premier lieu la déesse égypto-libyque Nît, très ancienne mais particulièrement adorée durant l’époque saïte, au moment où la Basse-Egypte est soumise à une forte influence libyenne et où règne une dynastie de même origine. Nît" |trans-quote="We must first mention the Egyptian-Libyan goddess Nit, very ancient but particularly worshiped during the Saite era, when Lower Egypt was subject to a strong Libyan influence and where a dynasty of the same origin reigned. Nit"}}</ref>{{sfn|Lesko|1999|pp=47-48, 58}} worshipped by Libyans and [[Ancient Egyptian deities|ancient Egyptians]].<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mark |first=Joshua J. |title=Neith |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Neith/ |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=World History Encyclopedia |language=en |quote="Neith may have originally been a fertility deity corresponding to the goddess Tanit who was later worshipped in North Africa at Carthage"}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=Neith – OCCULT WORLD |url=https://occult-world.com/neith/ |access-date=2024-07-27 |language=en-US}}</ref> She was adopted from Libya (or was a divinity of the local Libyan population in [[Sais]] in Egypt<ref>{{Cite web |title=Libyco-Berber relations with ancient Egypt: the Tehenu in Egyptian records |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000070515 |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=unesdoc.unesco.org |quote=The temple of Sais, in the western delta, the chief centre of Libyan influence in Egypt, bore the name of 'House of the king of Lower Egypt'. The chief goddess of this temple was Neith ('the terrible with her bows and arrows') and she was 'living in the west'. The Libyans of north-west Egypt, especially in Sais, tattooed the emblem of Neith upon their arms. It seems that Sais was the residence of a Libyan king of the delta at a certain time. The origin of the ''uraeus'', the royal serpent of the Pharaohs, is said to be traced to an early Libyan king of the delta, as shown from the reliefs discovered in Sahure's pyramid-temple at Abusir bearing the drawing of four Libyan chiefs wearing on their brows this royal emblem. It is worth noting that the Tehenu was the principal Libyan tribe who used to infiltrate into Egypt before the Libyan invasions, which will be dealt with later.}}</ref><ref name=":1" />{{Efn|1='Western Delta was considered 'Ament(the west)' = 'Libya' by ancient egyptians}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-25 |title=The Grand Egyptian Museum |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025210207/http://www.gem.gov.eg/index/Gallery%20-G1_5.htm |access-date=2024-08-18 |website=web.archive.org |quote="a toponym of Libya or Western Delta"}}</ref>, where her oracle was located).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lybico-Berber Heritage in Ancient Egypt |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000070515 |access-date=2024-08-18 |website=unesdoc.unesco.org |quote=the oracle of Sais was Libyan and the temple priests were Libyan}}</ref><ref name=":02" /> Her worship is attested as early as [[Predynastic Egypt]], around 6000 BC.{{efn|Scholar Richard H. Wilkinson comments on this: |
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"Neith is one of the most ancient deities known from Egypt. There is ample evidence that she was one of the most important deities of the prehistoric and Early Dynastic periods and, impressively, her veneration persisted to the very end of the pharaonic age. Her character was complex as her mythology continued to grow over this great span of time and, although many early myths of the goddess are undoubtably lost to us, the picture we are able to recover is still one of a powerful deity whose roles encompassed aspects of this life and the beyond"}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mark |first=Joshua J. |title=Neith |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Neith/ |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=World History Encyclopedia |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Museum Bulletin {{!}} A Late Saitic Statue from the Temple of Neith at Sais |url=https://www.penn.museum/sites/bulletin/2425/ |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=Museum Bulletin |language=en |quote=Sais had an old sanctuary, the temple of the goddess Neith, and in prehistoric times seems to have been the center of a Lower Egyptian kingdom}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mark |first=Joshua J. |title=Neith |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Neith/ |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=World History Encyclopedia |language=en |quote="was worshipped early in the Pre-Dynastic Period (c. 6000 - 3150 BCE)"}}</ref> She was said to be the creator and governor of the universe and the inventor of birth.<ref name="worldhis2" /> She was the goddess of the cosmos, fate, wisdom, water, rivers, mothers, childbirth, hunting, weaving, and, originally, war.<ref name="brooklyn">{{cite web |title=Neith |url=https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/heritage_floor/neith |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=brooklynmuseum.org}}</ref> [[User:Potymkin|Potymkin]] ([[User talk:Potymkin|talk]]) 21:52, 18 August 2024 (UTC) |
"Neith is one of the most ancient deities known from Egypt. There is ample evidence that she was one of the most important deities of the prehistoric and Early Dynastic periods and, impressively, her veneration persisted to the very end of the pharaonic age. Her character was complex as her mythology continued to grow over this great span of time and, although many early myths of the goddess are undoubtably lost to us, the picture we are able to recover is still one of a powerful deity whose roles encompassed aspects of this life and the beyond"}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mark |first=Joshua J. |title=Neith |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Neith/ |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=World History Encyclopedia |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Museum Bulletin {{!}} A Late Saitic Statue from the Temple of Neith at Sais |url=https://www.penn.museum/sites/bulletin/2425/ |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=Museum Bulletin |language=en |quote=Sais had an old sanctuary, the temple of the goddess Neith, and in prehistoric times seems to have been the center of a Lower Egyptian kingdom}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mark |first=Joshua J. |title=Neith |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Neith/ |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=World History Encyclopedia |language=en |quote="was worshipped early in the Pre-Dynastic Period (c. 6000 - 3150 BCE)"}}</ref> She was said to be the creator and governor of the universe and the inventor of birth.<ref name="worldhis2" /> She was the goddess of the cosmos, fate, wisdom, water, rivers, mothers, childbirth, hunting, weaving, and, originally, war.<ref name="brooklyn">{{cite web |title=Neith |url=https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/heritage_floor/neith |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=brooklynmuseum.org}}</ref> [[User:Potymkin|Potymkin]] ([[User talk:Potymkin|talk]]) 21:52, 18 August 2024 (UTC) |
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This is imperfect, but I think it better reflects the relative weight given by the sources. They don't usually spend much time on her possible Libyan origins and pay more attention to other aspects of Neith, so our article lead should do the same. [[User:A. Parrot|A. Parrot]] ([[User talk:A. Parrot|talk]]) 03:24, 20 August 2024 (UTC) |
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:'''Neith''' {{IPAc-en|'|n|iː|.|ɪ|θ}} ({{lang-grc-koi|Νηΐθ}}, a borrowing of the [[Demotic (Egyptian)|Demotic]] form {{lang-egy|nt}}, also spelled '''Nit''', '''Net''', or '''Neit''') was an [[ancient Egyptian deity]]. She was connected with warfare, as indicated by her emblem of two crossed bows, and with motherhood, as shown by texts that call her the mother of particular deities, such as the sun god [[Ra]] and the crocodile god [[Sobek]]. As a mother goddess, she was sometimes said to be the [[Ancient Egyptian creation myths|creator of the world]]. She also had a presence in [[Ancient Egyptian funerary practices|funerary religion]], and this aspect of her character grew over time: she became one of the four goddesses who protected the coffin and [[canopic jar|internal organs]] of the deceased.<ref>Wilkinson, Richard H. (2003). ''The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt''. Thames & Hudson. pp. 156–157</ref> |
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:Neith is one of the earliest Egyptian deities to appear in the archaeological record; the earliest signs of her worship date to the [[Naqada II]] period ({{circa}} 3600–3350 BC).<ref>Hollis, Susan Tower (2020). ''Five Egyptian Goddesses: Their Possible Beginnings, Actions, and Relationships in the Third Millennium BCE''. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 8–9</ref><ref>Hendrickx, Stan (1996). "Two Protodynastic Objects in Brussels and the Origin of the Bilobate Cult-Sign of Neith". ''The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology (82). p. 39</ref> Her main cult center was the city of [[Sais]] in Lower Egypt, near the western edge of the [[Nile Delta]], and some Egyptologists have suggested that she originated among the [[Ancient Libya|Libyan peoples]] who lived nearby.<ref>Lesko, Barbara S. (1999) ''The Great Goddesses of Egypt''. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 47</ref><ref>Hollis, Susan Tower (2020). ''Five Egyptian Goddesses: Their Possible Beginnings, Actions, and Relationships in the Third Millennium BCE''. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 20</ref> She was the most important goddess in the [[Early Dynastic Period (Egypt)|Early Dynastic Period]] ({{circa}} 3100–2686 BC) and had a significant shrine at the capital, [[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]]. In subsequent eras she lost her preeminence to other goddesses, such as [[Hathor]], but she remained important, particularly during the [[Twenty-sixth Dynasty]] (664–525 BC), when Sais was Egypt's capital. She was worshipped in many temples during the [[Ptolemaic Kingdom|Greek]] and [[Roman Egypt|Roman]] periods of Egyptian history, most significantly [[Esna]] in [[Upper Egypt]], and the Greeks identified her with their goddess [[Athena]].<ref>Wilkinson, Richard H. (2003). ''The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt''. Thames & Hudson. pp. 158–159</ref> |
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Revision as of 03:24, 20 August 2024
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Current disputes
Neith
Have you discussed this on a talk page?
Yes, I have discussed this issue on a talk page already.
Location of dispute
Users involved
Dispute overview
An information about an ancient deity in Kemet has surfaced where the goddess Neith is described by ancient egyptians as 'Libyan Neith' shows the origins of this deity, user A. Parrot argues that this information is false and that Neith has purely egyptian origins while user Potymkin claims that Libyan Neith as described by ancient egyptians is the case, user A. Parrot presents Wilkinson and Lesko two egyptologists as proof that the deity is purely egyptian but after much reading reading on their works and presenting their books and page numbers in the talk page, even these egyptologists disagree with the point that Neith is purely egyptian and solemnly agree with Libyan Neith. after contacting Lesko via email she appears to be on board with Libyan Neith. the matter requires final settlement as neither party wants to concede.
How have you tried to resolve this dispute before coming here?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Neith#Claimed_Berber_origin
How do you think we can help resolve the dispute?
I think taking time to consider both sides of the matter and the arguments presented in the talk page can help resolve the issue
Summary of dispute by A. Parrot
Neith was worshipped in Egypt for more than 3,000 years, and the earliest evidence about her dates to the very murky Protodynastic Period. The sources describe her origins as uncertain; Five Egyptian Goddesses: Their Possible Beginnings, Actions, and Relationships in the Third Millennium BCE by Susan Tower Hollis says (p. 115) that Neith "presents the biggest puzzle of these goddesses".
At particular issue are two passages from books in the article's source list. Lesko 1999 says (p. 47) "Hermann Kees describes the northwestern part of the delta as being inhabited primarily by Libyans and points out that during the Old Kingdom Neith was characterized by Egyptians as Neith from Libya, 'as if she was the chieftainess of the neighboring people with whom the inhabitants of the Nile valley were at all times at war.' Other Egyptologists dispute this connection, however, and the first appearance of Neith is purely Egyptian." Wilkinson 2003 says (p. 157) "Although she was sometimes called 'Neith of Libya', this reference may simply refer to the proximity of the Libyan region to the goddess's chief province in the western Delta."
Potymkin insists the article should describe Neith as Libyan or "Egypto-Libyan" and regards these passages in the sources as supporting that position. I believe the article should say scholars are uncertain about Neith's origins but describe a Libyan origin for her as a viable hypothesis—not a certainty. Potymkin continues to mischaracterize me as insisting Neith was "purely Egyptian". A. Parrot (talk) 19:00, 9 August 2024 (UTC)
Neith discussion
- Volunteer Note - The filing editor has not yet notified the other editor on their talk page. Robert McClenon (talk) 02:41, 9 August 2024 (UTC)
Zeroth statement by possible moderator (Neith )
I am ready to conduct moderated discussion about the Neith article .
Please read DRN Rule A and indicate whether you agree to follow these rules and whether you want moderated discussion.
The purpose of moderated discussion is to improve the article. If you agree to moderated discussion, please state concisely what you want to change in the article, or what you want to leave the same that another editor wants to change. Robert McClenon (talk) 21:20, 9 August 2024 (UTC)
Zeroth statements by editors (Neith)
- Thank you @Robert McClenon for offering to help to make wikipedia articles more comprehensive I am happy that you are able to provide some of your time for this issue, in the Neith article I would like to keep the following statement in the lead of the article: "was an early Libyan deity worshipped by Libyans and ancient Egyptians. She was adopted from Libya (or was a divinity of the local Libyan population in Sais in Egypt, where her oracle was located). Her worship is attested as early as Predynastic Egypt, around 6000 BC." along with all of its relevant sources, this is due to sources I provided from UNESCO library, World History Encyclopedia which their publications are recommended by many educational institutions including:
- and several archeologists and egyptologists and multiple other sources that confirm the statement to be kept. Potymkin (talk) 20:17, 11 August 2024 (UTC)
First statement by possible moderator (Neith )
Each editor has stated briefly what they want to say about the origin of Neith. One editor says that she was a Libyan deity whose worship spread to Egypt. Another editor says that her origin is uncertain, but that the hypotheses include a Libyan origin. Is either editor willing to try to craft a compromise wording that will be acceptable to both editors?
DRN Rule A states that each editor is expecting to participate in discussion at least every 48 hours. If either of you will need longer wikibreaks, please let me know and we will see what alternate rule we can set up. Robert McClenon (talk) 06:14, 14 August 2024 (UTC)
First statements by editors (Neith)
- @Robert McClenon thank you for taking the necessary time to analyze both view points correctly, I have crafted the terminology Egyptian-Libyan Deity that is acceptable which I suggested on the talk page Talk:Neith#Claimed Berber origin to try to resolve the issue. I am also open to suggestions of terminology that indicate the Libyan roots of Neith. the terminology already present at the article "she was adopted from Libya or was a divinity of the local Libyan population in Sais in Egypt, where her oracle was located" is sufficient to describe multiple viewpoints in my honest opinion. Potymkin (talk) 09:30, 14 August 2024 (UTC)
- Robert McClenon: My apologies for not responding. I haven't participated at DRN before and am a bit confused by the instructions and the format. E.g., I'm not even sure if I'm putting this comment in the right place—please relocate it if I've gotten it wrong.
- My problem is that I don't know what compromise Potymkin would be open to that reflects what the sources actually say. Potymkin's argument is built on synthesis, ably summed up in this comment by User:Lone-078 (who is a party to this dispute but hasn't been notified to discuss here). It is an Egyptological hypothesis, but not one that is universally held, that Neith originated among the Libyan peoples of the Protodynastic Period. It is a certainty that Libyan peoples 2,000 years later worshipped her. But that does not mean she is certain to have been Libyan or Egypto-Libyan at her origin. Any claim to the contrary is a misrepresentation of the sources. A. Parrot (talk) 15:45, 15 August 2024 (UTC)
- @Robert McClenon: Forgive my ignorance, but what is the next step here? A. Parrot (talk) 14:14, 18 August 2024 (UTC)
Second statement by possible moderator (Neith )
The next step is that I will ask each editor to propose a revised version of the lede paragraph presenting what they think should be the introduction to the article. Since the issue is her origin, any statement about her origin should be clearly attributed to a source. That is, if you propose to say that she is of Libyan origin, the source must state that she is of Libyan origin. Then we can look at any issues of the reliability of sources, but first we need to compare revised drafts of the lede paragraph. Robert McClenon (talk) 19:13, 18 August 2024 (UTC)
Second statements by editors (Neith)
- thank you for your consideration @Robert McClenon, the following is my suggested lead paragraph where sources show her clear libyan origin down to the book and the page:
- Neith /ˈniː.ɪθ/ (Template:Lang-grc-koi, a borrowing of the Demotic form Template:Lang-egy, likely originally to have been nrt "the terrifying one"; also spelled Nit, Net, or Neit)[1] was an early Libyan deity [2][3][4][5][6][7] worshipped by Libyans and ancient Egyptians.[6][8][9] She was adopted from Libya (or was a divinity of the local Libyan population in Sais in Egypt[10][2][a][11], where her oracle was located).[12][9] Her worship is attested as early as Predynastic Egypt, around 6000 BC.[b][13][14][15] She was said to be the creator and governor of the universe and the inventor of birth.[1] She was the goddess of the cosmos, fate, wisdom, water, rivers, mothers, childbirth, hunting, weaving, and, originally, war.[16] Potymkin (talk) 21:52, 18 August 2024 (UTC)
This is imperfect, but I think it better reflects the relative weight given by the sources. They don't usually spend much time on her possible Libyan origins and pay more attention to other aspects of Neith, so our article lead should do the same. A. Parrot (talk) 03:24, 20 August 2024 (UTC)
- Neith /ˈniː.ɪθ/ (Template:Lang-grc-koi, a borrowing of the Demotic form Template:Lang-egy, also spelled Nit, Net, or Neit) was an ancient Egyptian deity. She was connected with warfare, as indicated by her emblem of two crossed bows, and with motherhood, as shown by texts that call her the mother of particular deities, such as the sun god Ra and the crocodile god Sobek. As a mother goddess, she was sometimes said to be the creator of the world. She also had a presence in funerary religion, and this aspect of her character grew over time: she became one of the four goddesses who protected the coffin and internal organs of the deceased.[17]
- Neith is one of the earliest Egyptian deities to appear in the archaeological record; the earliest signs of her worship date to the Naqada II period (c. 3600–3350 BC).[18][19] Her main cult center was the city of Sais in Lower Egypt, near the western edge of the Nile Delta, and some Egyptologists have suggested that she originated among the Libyan peoples who lived nearby.[20][21] She was the most important goddess in the Early Dynastic Period (c. 3100–2686 BC) and had a significant shrine at the capital, Memphis. In subsequent eras she lost her preeminence to other goddesses, such as Hathor, but she remained important, particularly during the Twenty-sixth Dynasty (664–525 BC), when Sais was Egypt's capital. She was worshipped in many temples during the Greek and Roman periods of Egyptian history, most significantly Esna in Upper Egypt, and the Greeks identified her with their goddess Athena.[22]
- ^ 'Western Delta was considered 'Ament(the west)' = 'Libya' by ancient egyptians
- ^ Scholar Richard H. Wilkinson comments on this: "Neith is one of the most ancient deities known from Egypt. There is ample evidence that she was one of the most important deities of the prehistoric and Early Dynastic periods and, impressively, her veneration persisted to the very end of the pharaonic age. Her character was complex as her mythology continued to grow over this great span of time and, although many early myths of the goddess are undoubtably lost to us, the picture we are able to recover is still one of a powerful deity whose roles encompassed aspects of this life and the beyond"
References
- ^ a b "Neith". worldhistory.org. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
- ^ a b Lesko, Barbara S. (1999). The great goddesses of Egypt. Norman: Univ. of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0-8061-3202-0.
Hermann Kees describes the northwestern part of the delta as being, at the beginning of history, inhabited primarily by Libyans and points out that during the Old Kingdom Neith was characterized by Egyptians as Neith from Libya
- ^ Lesko, Barbara S. (1999). The great goddesses of Egypt. Norman: Univ. of Oklahoma Press. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-8061-3202-0.
the Libyan Neith is her ka
- ^ Hollis, Susan T. (2019). Five Egyptian goddesses: their possible beginnings, actions, and relationships in the third millennium BCE. Bloomsbury Egyptology. London: Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-4742-3425-2.
About Neith : "It is also commonly thought that her origins lie in Libya to the west"
- ^ The Complete Gods And Goddesses Of Ancient Egypt. p. 32,97,291,369.
"Neith the patroness of the Libyans" Page 97 "the Libyan population of the delta was invaded during the 5th dynasty and elements of the Libyan captive local population of the Nile Delta being taken was portrayed in Ancient Egyptian Papyrus" page 231 "Sais the city is the culture centre of the worship of the goddess Neith" Page 369
{{cite book}}
: line feed character in|quote=
at position 45 (help) - ^ a b Camps, G. (1989-01-01). "Athéna". Encyclopédie berbère (in French) (7): 1011–1013. doi:10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.1211. ISSN 1015-7344.
Il faut citer en premier lieu la déesse égypto-libyque Nît, très ancienne mais particulièrement adorée durant l'époque saïte, au moment où la Basse-Egypte est soumise à une forte influence libyenne et où règne une dynastie de même origine. Nît
[We must first mention the Egyptian-Libyan goddess Nit, very ancient but particularly worshiped during the Saite era, when Lower Egypt was subject to a strong Libyan influence and where a dynasty of the same origin reigned. Nit] - ^ Lesko 1999, pp. 47–48, 58. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFLesko1999 (help)
- ^ Mark, Joshua J. "Neith". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2024-08-01.
Neith may have originally been a fertility deity corresponding to the goddess Tanit who was later worshipped in North Africa at Carthage
- ^ a b "Neith – OCCULT WORLD". Retrieved 2024-07-27.
- ^ "Libyco-Berber relations with ancient Egypt: the Tehenu in Egyptian records". unesdoc.unesco.org. Retrieved 2024-08-03.
The temple of Sais, in the western delta, the chief centre of Libyan influence in Egypt, bore the name of 'House of the king of Lower Egypt'. The chief goddess of this temple was Neith ('the terrible with her bows and arrows') and she was 'living in the west'. The Libyans of north-west Egypt, especially in Sais, tattooed the emblem of Neith upon their arms. It seems that Sais was the residence of a Libyan king of the delta at a certain time. The origin of the uraeus, the royal serpent of the Pharaohs, is said to be traced to an early Libyan king of the delta, as shown from the reliefs discovered in Sahure's pyramid-temple at Abusir bearing the drawing of four Libyan chiefs wearing on their brows this royal emblem. It is worth noting that the Tehenu was the principal Libyan tribe who used to infiltrate into Egypt before the Libyan invasions, which will be dealt with later.
- ^ "The Grand Egyptian Museum". web.archive.org. 2021-10-25. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
a toponym of Libya or Western Delta
- ^ "Lybico-Berber Heritage in Ancient Egypt". unesdoc.unesco.org. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
the oracle of Sais was Libyan and the temple priests were Libyan
- ^ Mark, Joshua J. "Neith". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2024-08-03.
- ^ "Museum Bulletin | A Late Saitic Statue from the Temple of Neith at Sais". Museum Bulletin. Retrieved 2024-08-03.
Sais had an old sanctuary, the temple of the goddess Neith, and in prehistoric times seems to have been the center of a Lower Egyptian kingdom
- ^ Mark, Joshua J. "Neith". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2024-07-27.
was worshipped early in the Pre-Dynastic Period (c. 6000 - 3150 BCE)
- ^ "Neith". brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
- ^ Wilkinson, Richard H. (2003). The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson. pp. 156–157
- ^ Hollis, Susan Tower (2020). Five Egyptian Goddesses: Their Possible Beginnings, Actions, and Relationships in the Third Millennium BCE. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 8–9
- ^ Hendrickx, Stan (1996). "Two Protodynastic Objects in Brussels and the Origin of the Bilobate Cult-Sign of Neith". The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology (82). p. 39
- ^ Lesko, Barbara S. (1999) The Great Goddesses of Egypt. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 47
- ^ Hollis, Susan Tower (2020). Five Egyptian Goddesses: Their Possible Beginnings, Actions, and Relationships in the Third Millennium BCE. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 20
- ^ Wilkinson, Richard H. (2003). The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson. pp. 158–159
Riley Gaines
Have you discussed this on a talk page?
Yes, I have discussed this issue on a talk page already.
Location of dispute
Users involved
- DanielRigal (talk · contribs)
- Lisha2037 (talk · contribs)
- Firefangledfeathers (talk · contribs)
Dispute overview
Closed as abandoned by filer. The filing editor opened this case, and has not replied to two requests for statements as to what they want to change or leave the same in the article. It is now about 72 hours after the second such request. Maybe the instructions to filers need to make it clear that one should not just file a case request unless one plans to discuss it. Editors may resume normal editing of the article, and should discuss at the article talk page, Talk:Riley Gaines. Do not edit-war. Report disruptive editing at Arbitration Enforcement, but do not edit disruptively. Robert McClenon (talk) 19:21, 18 August 2024 (UTC) |
Closed discussion |
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Chechil
Closed as already pending at AE. Kovcszaln6 (talk) 10:39, 18 August 2024 (UTC) |
Closed discussion |
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Algeria
Have you discussed this on a talk page?
Yes, I have discussed this issue on a talk page already.
Location of dispute
Users involved
Dispute overview
On the ethnic groups of Algeria in the country card, it mentions 85% arab and 15% berber, however in the source provided it says 99% arab Berber and less than 1% european, a note uner this stat in the source shows "although almost all Algerians are Amazigh in origin and not Arab, only a minority identify themselves as primarily Amazigh, about 15% of the total population", here there is is not only no mention of 85% arab, but the source clearly states that almost ALL aalgerians are amazigh in origin therefore the number 85% provided is false and is original reseach by the contributor.
How have you tried to resolve this dispute before coming here?
necessary steps to resolve the conflict was a discussion in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Algeria#Ethnic_groups_Algeria in which matters turned uncivil very quickly due to the counter party's clear disdain
How do you think we can help resolve the dispute?
I suggest one of 2 revisions to the ethnic groups card in algeria : - Arab-Amazigh (99%) | Primarily Amazigh (15%) | European (less than 1%) - Arab Amazigh 99%, (of which 15% identify as Primarily Amazigh) | European (less than 1%)
Summary of dispute by Skitash
This topic has already been addressed several times in Talk:Algeria. Although the CIA World Factbook states that 99% of the population is "Arab-Amazigh", this is problematic because it creates confusion due to the lack of sources explaining what an "Arab-Amazigh" or "Arab-Berber" precisely means, and the few sources that use this term only mention it in passing. It also remains unclear whether this 99% figure combines Arab and Berber populations or represents people of mixed Arab and Berber origins. The Arab-Berber article was eventually redirected for exactly this reason. This is why the decision was made to use more specific divisions of ethnic identity, supported by multiple sources in Algeria#Demographics. The CIA source also notes that "only a minority identify themselves as primarily Amazigh, about 15% of the total population"
, meaning that the remainder of "Arab-Berbers" would identify as Arab, and this perfectly aligns with other reliable sources.[1][2] I have attempted to resolve the issue by adding a footnote to the infobox outlining the different ethnic percentage ranges according to various sources. Hopefully, this resolves the issue. Skitash (talk) 13:16, 18 August 2024 (UTC)
References
- ^ Naylor, Phillip C. (2015-05-07). Historical Dictionary of Algeria. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-8108-7919-5.
Most Algerians, approximately 85 percent of the population, today claim an Arab background.
- ^ "Algeria Ethnic Groups". study.com. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
Partly due to the strong association between Islam and Arab identity, there is a fair amount of social pressure in Algeria to identify with Arab ancestry. In fact, roughly 85% of the nation identifies much more strongly with their Arab heritage than their Berber heritage.
Algeria discussion
Zeroth statement by moderator (Algeria)
After looking into this issue, I am willing to act as the moderator in this dispute.
I would like to ask the participants to please read Wikipedia:DRN Rule D and indicate that you will comply with it. Please note that discussions related to infoboxes are designated as a contentious topic. By agreeing to the rules, you state that you are aware of this. Do not engage in back-and-forth discussion. Comment on content, not contributor.
So it appears to me that Skitash would like the status quo to remain, and Potymkin would like changes to the infobox. I have two questions for Potymkin: 1. Are you fine with the current state of Algeria#Ethnic_groups or would you also like changes to that? If yes, please state those. 2. The CIA Factbook states that although almost all Algerians are Amazigh in origin and not Arab, only a minority identify themselves as primarily Amazigh, about 15% of the total population
and Study.com states that In fact, roughly 85% of the nation identifies much more strongly with their Arab heritage than their Berber heritage.
Considering this, could you elaborate on what changes you want to the infobox and why? Thank you. Kovcszaln6 (talk) 14:04, 18 August 2024 (UTC)
Zeroth statement by editors (Algeria)
The following is a closed discussion. Please do not modify it. |
Thank you Kovcszaln6 for looking into the matter carefully, I would happily answer your questions : 1. Are you fine with the current state of Algeria#Ethnic_groups or would you also like changes to that? I am not fine with the current state if it, I propose either we insert : - Arab-Amazigh (99%) | Primarily Amazigh (15%) | European (less than 1%) - Arab Amazigh 99%, (of which 15% identify as Primarily Amazigh) | European (less than 1%) this initial suggestion was mentioned in the talk page when the Algeria ethnic groups tap had 1 source this morning and that was before 12:50, 18 August 2024. When the user Skitash had changed the source after talk in the article had failed https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Algeria#Ethnic_groups_Algeria . the edit by Skitash was DURING the time the dispute resolution has already been issued and after he was informed not to make any changes until the dispute had been resolved, I must remind you that Editing a Wikipedia article while a dispute resolution process is ongoing is considered a violation of Wikipedia's policies, specifically regarding edit warring and disruption of the consensus-building process. so instead of Only the CIA factbook website the user deliberately edited the article after he was warned also (refer to edit summary in Algeria article). So when the article had sourced the CIA fact book it mentions that "although almost all Algerians are Amazigh in origin and not Arab". the User Skitash deduced that 85% of algerians are arabs which is considered original research by wikipedia, for proof you can look at the talk page in article https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Algeria#Ethnic_groups_Algeria where user skitash uses the source that mentions the opposite of what he claims. the user blatantly violated Wikipedia terms of dispute resolution. concerning your second question after the user violated Wikipedia terms of dispute resolution and added from study.com. the website also mentions "most Algerians are genetically Berber", here in our discussion on ethnicity it is important to note that most algerians are ethnically berber from the sources provided by him, identifying with arab is a cultural phenomena not an ethnic phenomena, and therefore it should not be in the ethnicity tab of algeria. the number provided of algerians being 85% arab is the user's own conlusions and do not exist in the CIA factbook about algeria, in fact the source warns again that 'almost all Algerians are Amazigh in origin and not Arab'. in conclusion the user not only violated Wikipedia's terms but also his sources contradict his claims. thank you again for taking time to provide dispute resolution Kovcszaln6 Potymkin (talk) 16:08, 18 August 2024 (UTC) |
@Potymkin: I asked you to indicate your acceptance of DRN Rule D. This was not stated. I also asked (and it's also in DRN Rule D) to comment on content, not contributor. At DRN, we deal with content issues, not conduct issues. Please rewrite your statement below keeping these in mind. Thanks. Kovcszaln6 (talk) 16:20, 18 August 2024 (UTC)
- Thank you for elaborating, I state that I accept DRN Rule D.
- Answering questions :
- 1. Are you fine with the current state of Algeria#Ethnic_groups or would you also like changes to that?
- I am not fine with the current state of it, I propose either we insert :
- - Arab-Amazigh (99%) | Primarily Amazigh (15%) | European (less than 1%)
- - Arab Amazigh 99%, (of which 15% identify as Primarily Amazigh) | European (less than 1%)
- 2.Considering this, could you elaborate on what changes you want to the infobox and why?
- - Arab-Amazigh (99%) | Primarily Amazigh (15%) | European (less than 1%)
- - Arab Amazigh 99%, (of which 15% identify as Primarily Amazigh) | European (less than 1%)
- Why ? It is whats mentioned in the CIA factbook about algeria "although almost all Algerians are Amazigh in origin and not Arab, only a minority identify themselves as primarily Amazigh, about 15% of the total population", most algerians are ethnically berber from the sources provided ,identifying with arab is a cultural phenomena not an ethnic phenomena, and therefore it should not be in the ethnicity tab of algeria.
- I hope this clears up the matter, let me know if you have any further questions. Potymkin (talk) 16:36, 18 August 2024 (UTC)
- @Kovcszaln6 I am willing to accept DRN Rule D. Unfortunately, it appears that the root of this edit conflict stems from a misunderstanding. Ethnicity is based on self-identification, language, culture, history, etc. Potymkin appears to equate ethnicity with genetics, which is completely unrelated and not determining of ethnicity. According to the lead in ethnicity, "Ethnic groups may share a narrow or broad spectrum of genetic ancestry, depending on group identification, with some groups having mixed genetic ancestry". Although CIA World Factbook may correctly note that most Algerians had Berber ancestors, most Algerians today identify as Arab, speak Arabic, and practice Arab culture, therefore making them ethnically Arab. Britannica supports this by stating
"More than three-fourths of the country is ethnically Arab"
. Additionally, the CIA World Factbook source states that only 15% of the population identifies as Berber, meaning that the remaining 85% identify as non-Berbers (i.e., Arab). Skitash (talk) 16:49, 18 August 2024 (UTC)
- @Kovcszaln6 I am willing to accept DRN Rule D. Unfortunately, it appears that the root of this edit conflict stems from a misunderstanding. Ethnicity is based on self-identification, language, culture, history, etc. Potymkin appears to equate ethnicity with genetics, which is completely unrelated and not determining of ethnicity. According to the lead in ethnicity, "Ethnic groups may share a narrow or broad spectrum of genetic ancestry, depending on group identification, with some groups having mixed genetic ancestry". Although CIA World Factbook may correctly note that most Algerians had Berber ancestors, most Algerians today identify as Arab, speak Arabic, and practice Arab culture, therefore making them ethnically Arab. Britannica supports this by stating
First statement by moderator (Algeria)
Thank you for the responses. Skitash pointed out that ethnicity is based on self-identification, not genetics. Potymkin, considering this, do you still want changes in the article (the same or different)? If you do, please also consider the other sources. Thanks. Kovcszaln6 (talk) 17:00, 18 August 2024 (UTC)
First statement by editors (Algeria)
Ethnicity is fundamentally rooted in genetics rather than self-identification, as it is defined by inherited biological traits that are passed down through generations. this shows clearly on a scholarly concensus that although the Romans for instance identified as being desendant of the Trojan race and argued for such in their history and mythology, no historian ever considers Romans as Trojans, the same is applied to Algeria with researchers and scholars who identify algerians as Amazighs or Berbers or Arabized Berbers or Arabized Amazighs but never consider Algerians ethnically arab as does CIA factbook and Study.com sources.
Scholars argue that genetic markers provide clear evidence of distinct ethnic groups, which are identified based on shared ancestry and genetic lineage. For instance, genetic studies have revealed significant differences in DNA sequences among various ethnic populations, supporting the idea that ethnicity is biologically determined rather than merely a social construct. While self-identification plays a role in how individuals perceive and express their ethnic identity, it cannot alter the underlying genetic reality that distinguishes one ethnic group from another. As noted by Cavalli-Sforza et al., "genetic evidence provides the most objective means to determine ethnicity" (Cavalli-Sforza, Luca (1994). The History and Geography of Human Genes. Princeton University Press. pp. 19–22. ISBN 9780691087504.). Furthermore, research by Rosenberg et al. highlights how genetic clustering aligns closely with traditional ethnic and geographical boundaries (Rosenberg, Noah A. (2002). "Genetic Structure of Human Populations". Science. 298 (5602): 2381–2385. doi:10.1126/science.1078311.). Therefore, while self-identification is an important aspect of personal and cultural identity, it does not override the genetic basis that defines ethnicity.
- considering the academic concensus on the matter, one can hardly find in the page about the holy roman empire that it is composed of ethnic romans even if they identified as such, the population of the HRE for example is made up of Germans and scholars have solid concensus over such as they do with algeria from where you can see in the CIA factbook quote "although almost all Algerians are Amazigh in origin and not Arab", the CIA fact book does not consider Algeria as made out of ethnic arabs and puts in the stats:
- Arab-Amazigh (99%) | Primarily Amazigh (15%) | European (less than 1%
- I would still like changes to the page on Ethnicity in Algeria to meet such scholarly requirements Potymkin (talk) 19:09, 18 August 2024 (UTC)
"Ethnicity is fundamentally rooted in genetics rather than self-identification"
Ethnicity says otherwise. I'm not quite sure why this conversation is shifting into a scientific debate but it is a known fact that ethnic groups, like race, are social constructs based on self-identification. Ethnicities emerge through a process called ethnogenesis, where groups of people begin to identify with one another. According to BioMed Central,"Indeed, the terms race and ethnicity exist purely as social constructs and must not be used interchangeably with genetic ancestry. There is no scientific evidence that the groups we traditionally call “races/ethnicities” have distinct, unifying biological or genetic basis"
. For instance, an Algerian that only speaks Arabic and practices Arab culture has no reason to identify as a Berber based solely on genetics. Unlike genetics, ethnic identity is fluid, with individuals or groups sometimes changing or adapting their ethnic identity due to historical factors. Today, Algeria is predominantly Arab due to Arabization throughout history, "a process of cultural change in which a non-Arab society becomes Arab". Likewise, the vast majority of modern Syrians identify as Arabs and are regarded as such, despite being mostly descended from ancient Arameans. Skitash (talk) 19:45, 18 August 2024 (UTC)- In the previous version Skitach claimed that the sources were in the demographics section. One of these sources was genetic. Now that genetic sources give something else, he says that genetics is no longer suitable...
- the mentions which affirm that the Arabs are descendants of Arabized Amazigh are systematically removed by Skitach: exemple Britanica: More than three-fourths of the country is ethnically Arab, though most Algerians are descendants of ancient Amazigh groups who mixed with various invading peoples from the Arab Middle East, southern Europe, and sub-Saharan Africa. Arab invasions in the 8th and 11th centuries brought only limited numbers of new people to the region but resulted in the extensive Arabization and Islamization of the indigenous Amazigh population
- when you read the article Arab migrations to the Maghreb, everything has been done to make people believe in a replacement of the Amazigh natives by a population originating from the Arab peninsula, by a diversion of sources. Here we are in continuity with this POV, why not mention the genetic elements in the body of the text (excluding infobox) first? I have the impression of having a contradictor closed to any other option than the one he defends in disregard of the diversity of sources and WP:NPOV.
- Monsieur Patillo (talk) 23:08, 18 August 2024 (UTC)
- In the previous version Skitach claimed that the sources were in the demographics section. One of these sources was genetic. Now that genetic sources give something else, he says that genetics is no longer suitable...
Second statement by moderator (Algeria)
Thank you. There appears to be discussion happening at Talk:Algeria#Ethnic_groups_Algeria involving more editors, and this mediation doesn't seem like it's going anywhere. So I would suggest that you could continue the discussion on the talk page involving the other editors, and if that fails maybe consider an WP:RfC. Are you guys fine with that? Kovcszaln6 (talk) 10:54, 19 August 2024 (UTC)
Second statement by editors (Algeria)
@Kovcszaln6: It actually seems this one-on-one discussion is progressing much more smoothly compared to the other, if we set aside the baseless comments made here by the other editor who only jumped in to violate DRN Rule D. So, I would greatly appreciate it if we could continue our discussion here. I'm open to reaching a common ground to resolve this dispute by proposing a percentage range in the infobox: 75–85% Arab, 15–25% Berber, based on the following sources:
- Reference World Atlas: Everything You Need to Know About Our Planet Today:
"Ethnic groups: Arab 75%, Berber 24%, European and Jewish 1%"
- Britannica: Algeria:
"More than three-fourths of the country is ethnically Arab".
- Algeria: History & Background:
"The combined Arab-Berber people comprise more than 99 percent of the population (Arabs approximately 80 percent; Berbers 20 percent), with Europeans less than one percent"
. - Changing Female Literacy Practices in Algeria
"Ethnically the population is made up of about 80% Arabic and 20% Berber"
. - Historical Dictionary of Algeria
"Most Algerians, approximately 85 percent of the population, today claim an Arab background"
. - Algeria Ethnic Groups
"Partly due to the strong association between Islam and Arab identity, there is a fair amount of social pressure in Algeria to identify with Arab ancestry. In fact, roughly 85% of the nation identifies much more strongly with their Arab heritage than their Berber heritage."
Please tell me what you think. Skitash (talk) 01:10, 20 August 2024 (UTC)
Turntablist transcription_methodology
Have you discussed this on a talk page?
Closed as not discussed on the article talk page. The article talk page shows that there has not been any discussion there in the past six months. The filing editor and the IP should discuss at Talk:Turntablist transcription_methodology. That is what the article talk page is for. Also, stop edit-warring. Robert McClenon (talk) 23:43, 18 August 2024 (UTC) |
Closed discussion |
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Collatz Conjecture
Closed as wrong forum. This appears to be a dispute over the reliability of a source. The issue appears to be whether TMA is a reliable mathematical journal. That is a question to be asked at the Reliable Source Noticeboard. Submit this inquiry to the Reliable Source Noticeboard. Robert McClenon (talk) 01:13, 20 August 2024 (UTC) |
Closed discussion |
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