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February 1913

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February 2, 1913: Grand Central Station opens in New York
February 20, 1913: O'Malley drives the first stake for the new city of Canberra

The following events occurred in February 1913:

February 1, 1913 (Saturday)

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February 2, 1913 (Sunday)

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  • The first train departed from New York City's Grand Central Terminal, having been rebuilt, opened a moment after midnight as the world's largest train station. At 12:01 am, the Boston Express No. 2 became the first train to depart, with a Mr. F. M. Lamh of Yonkers, New York credited as the first person to buy a ticket in the new terminal. On its first day, between 12:01 am and 7:00 pm, the new station attracted 150,000 visitors.[6] "At the height of its activity, in the years just after the Second World War", one historian noted,[who?] "Grand Central served about the same number of passengers as the world's busiest airport does today, even though Grand Central uses only 1 percent as much land as the airport does."[7]
  • Rienzi Melville Johnston resigned as U.S. Senator from Texas after only four weeks in office, after having been appointed on January 4. U.S. Senator-elect Morris Sheppard took office a month ahead of schedule to complete the six-year term of Joseph Weldon Bailey, who had resigned.[8]
  • American poet Joyce Kilmer wrote his most famous poem "Trees" over an afternoon while staying at a family home overlooking the Ramapo Valley in Mahwah, New Jersey. It would be published in the August issue of Poetry later that year.[9][10][11]

February 3, 1913 (Monday)

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February 4, 1913 (Tuesday)

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President Manuel Erique Araujo

February 5, 1913 (Wednesday)

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February 6, 1913 (Thursday)

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February 7, 1913 (Friday)

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Opera singer Vanni Marcoux

February 8, 1913 (Saturday)

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Explorer Douglas Mawson

February 9, 1913 (Sunday)

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  • Former General Bernardo Reyes attempted to lay siege on the presidential palace in Mexico City but Palace Guard commander Lauro Villar Ochoa, who was dressed in civilian clothes on his way to the palace, observed Reyes troops mobilizing to attack and was able to alert the guards in time. The resulting gun battle killed 400 soldiers and civilians and injured 1,000, including Reyes who was shot off his mount as he led the attack on horse. President Francisco I. Madero heard of the attack from his residence three miles away and tried to get to the presidential palace, but was stopped short. He then met with General Victoriano Huerta and appointed him commander of the federal army in the nation's capital. Meanwhile, Felix Diaz took control of the main armory outside Mexico City.[42][43][44]
  • At 9:05 pm, hundreds of people in Toronto observed a series of brilliant meteors streaking across the sky. The procession, first visible in the skies above Mortlach, Saskatchewan, moved south-easterly across North America. It was observed by Col. W. R. Winter from a position on Bermuda.[citation needed] It was reported by seven ships at sea, and then last reported off the eastern tip of Brazil near Cape Sao Roque.[citation needed] The procession was not observed by Professor Clarence Chant, of the Astronomy Department of the University of Toronto, but on the following day he was inundated with phone calls and letters from witnesses to the event. He systematically plotted the path of the procession, and reported his findings in a 73-page report tabled in the May–June 1913 edition of the Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada.[citation needed] A witness to the event was Toronto artist Gustav Hahn who made a painting following his observation.[citation needed] This event is also known as the "Cyrillids" because the event happened on St. Cyril's Day.[citation needed] In 2000, author Patrick Moore would write, "Nothing similar had ever been seen before, and nothing similar has been seen since."[45]
  • The inaugural football match for the Campo de O'Donnell stadium was played between Madrid and Bilbao, with the host team defeated 4-0.[46] The stadium had the same name as the stadium for local rivals Real Madrid, which was situated 200 meters away on the same boulevard of Calle de O'Donnell.[47]

February 10, 1913 (Monday)

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Frances Cleveland

February 11, 1913 (Tuesday)

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February 12, 1913 (Wednesday)

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February 13, 1913 (Thursday)

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Mary Harris "Mother" Jones

February 14, 1913 (Friday)

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February 15, 1913 (Saturday)

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February 16, 1913 (Sunday)

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  • West of Pierre, South Dakota, Hattie May Foster, a 14-year-old student, spotted the corner of a lead marker sticking out of the ground and unearthed it.[85] What Foster had located was a marker that had been set 170 years earlier by a team of French explorers under the command of Pierre Gaultier de La Vérendrye and François de La Vérendrye, who had marked the furthest point explored by them before they began their journey home. Inscribed on one side was "Anno XXVI Regni Ludovici XV Prorege; Illustrissimo Domino Domino Marchione; De Beauharnois M D CC XXXXI; Petrus Gaultier de Laverendrie Posvit", and on the other "Pose par le Chevalier de Lavr to jo Louy la Londette Amiotte, Le 30 de mars 1743" (March 30, 1743).[86]
  • Relief forces under command of Aureliano Blanquet arrived in Mexico City but refused to fight for the Mexican government, allowing a nine-hour armistice to go into effect in Mexico City.[87]
  • Joseph Hertz of New York City was elected as Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the British Empire. He received 298 votes against 39 for Moses Hyamson.[88]

February 17, 1913 (Monday)

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February 18, 1913 (Tuesday)

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February 19, 1913 (Wednesday)

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  • Gustavo A. Madero, brother of the deposed President, was executed on orders of General Félix Díaz. Gustavo was "subjected to the 'fugitive law'," where prisoners were released and given a chance to flee while guns were fired at them.[95]
  • An attempt to override U.S. President William Howard Taft's veto of the Immigration Bill failed in the House by five votes, after having passed the Senate, 72–18, the day before. Although the vote was 213–114 in favor of overcoming the President's veto, two-thirds (218) of the 327 representatives present were required to agree.[96]
  • A house being built for British cabinet minister David Lloyd George near Walton Heath Golf Club in Surrey, England was fire bombed, allegedly by British suffragists. Suffragist leader Emmeline Pankhurst later claimed during a speech in Cardiff that evening to have incited the incident as well as other arson attacks throughout England.[97]

February 20, 1913 (Thursday)

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February 21, 1913 (Friday)

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Mexican President Victoriano Huerta.

February 22, 1913 (Saturday)

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February 23, 1913 (Sunday)

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February 24, 1913 (Monday)

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February 25, 1913 (Tuesday)

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February 26, 1913 (Wednesday)

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February 27, 1913 (Thursday)

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February 28, 1913 (Friday)

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References

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  2. ^ The American Year Book, Volume 4 (T. Nelson & Sons, 1914)
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  4. ^ U.S. Patent No. 1,284,432
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  7. ^ Francis Morrone and James Iska, The Architectural Guidebook to New York City (Gibbs Smith, 2002) p. 152
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  9. ^ Kilmer, Miriam A. Joyce Kilmer (1886–1918) - Author of Trees and Other Poems (website of family member). Retrieved 22 May 2013
  10. ^ Kilmer, Kenton. Memories of My Father, Joyce Kilmer (New Brunswick: Joyce Kilmer Centennial Commission, 1993), p. 89.
  11. ^ Pries, Allison (10 May 2013). "Letter backs Mahwah's claim on Joyce Kilmer poem 'Trees'". The Record. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
  12. ^ Spencer C. Tucker, ed., World War I: A Student Encyclopedia (ABC-CLIO, 2005) p. 286
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  14. ^ "Income Tax Ratified by Delaware's Vote". New York Times. February 4, 1913.
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  21. ^ "Starts to Meet Explorer". New York Times. February 5, 1913.
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  36. ^ Heribert von Feilitzsch, In Plain Sight: Felix A. Sommerfeld, Spymaster in Mexico, 1908 to 1914, Henselstone Verlag LLC, Virginia, 2012, ISBN 9780985031701, p. 234
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  38. ^ 2007 Year Book Australia (Australia Bureau of Statistics, 2007) p. 17
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  42. ^ "ARMY REVOLTS, SEIZES MEXICO CITY; MADERO'S TROOPS HOLD THE PALACE; 300 ARE SLAIN IN THE FIRST CLASH". New York Times. February 10, 1913. p. 1.
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  44. ^ Feilitzsch, 2012, p. 235
  45. ^ Patrick Moore, The Data Book of Astronomy (CRC Press, 2000) p. 249
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  58. ^ "Arrests for Bribery in Senate Contest". New York Times. February 12, 1913.
  59. ^ "Six Legislators Indicted". New York Times. February 15, 1913.
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  68. ^ "Riot in the Capitol". Washington Post. February 14, 1913. p. 1.
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  75. ^ "Immigration Bill Veto at the Last Minute". New York Times. February 15, 1913.
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  81. ^ "Gomez Proclaims that he is President". New York Times. February 16, 1913.
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  87. ^ Feilitzsch, 2012, p. 235
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  89. ^ "Madero Gratified by Reply". New York Times. February 18, 1913.
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  91. ^ John Baxter, Von Sternberg (University Press of Kentucky, 2010) p. 17
  92. ^ Dan Franck, Bohemian Paris: Picasso, Modigliani, Matisse, and the Birth of Modern Art (Grove Press, 2003)
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  105. ^ Godfrey Hodgson, Woodrow Wilson's Right Hand: The Life of Colonel Edward M. House (Yale University Press, 2006) p. 86
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  108. ^ P. N. Chopra, A Comprehensive History of India, Volume 3 (Sterling Publishers, 2003) p. 228
  109. ^ Jeannie M. Whayne, Arkansas: A Narrative History (University of Arkansas Press, 2002) p. 279
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  112. ^ "More Troops to Galveston". New York Times. February 25, 1913.
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  132. ^ "Score Die in Fire in Omaha". New York Times. March 1, 1913.
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