Francesco Francia

Francesco Francia

Bentivolio coin by Francesco Francia.

Francesco Francia, whose real name was Francesco Raibolini (1447 – 5 January 1517) was an Italian painter, goldsmith, and medallist from Bologna, who was also director of the city mint.

He may have trained with Marco Zoppo and was first mentioned as a painter in 1486. His earliest known work is the Felicini Madonna, which is signed and dated 1494. He worked in partnership with Lorenzo Costa, and was influenced by Ercole de' Roberti's and Costa's style. After 1505 he was influenced more by Perugino and Raphael. He had a large workshop and trained Marcantonio Raimondi, Ludovico Marmitta, and several other artists; he produced niellos, in which Raimondi first learnt to engrave, soon excelling his master, according to Vasari. Raphael's Santa Cecilia is supposed to have produced such a feeling of inferiority in Francia that it caused him to die of depression. However, as his friendship with Raphael is now well-known, this story has been discredited.

He died in Bologna. His sons Giacomo Francia and Giulio Francia were also artists.

Works (selection of paintings)

Until 1500

• Crucifixion with St. John and St. Jerome, c. 1485, 52 cm x 33 cm, oil on wood, Palazzo d'Accursio, Bologna
• The Holy Family, c. 1485, 54 cm x 40 cm, oil on wood, Gemäldegalerie, Berlin
• The Virgin and Child with an Angel, c. 1490, 58 cm x 44 cm, oil on wood, Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh
• Bartolomeo Bianchini, c. 1485–1500, 57 cm x 41 cm, oil on wood, National Gallery, London
• Baptism of Jesus, c. 1490, 29 cm x 55 cm, oil on wood, Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon
• Madonna and Child with two Angels, c. 1495, 64 cm x 49 cm, oil on wood, Alte Pinakothek, Munich
• Pala Calcina, 1500, 193 cm x 151 cm, tempera and oil on canvas (formerly wood), Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg

• 
  Crucifixion
  c. 1485, Bologna
• 
  The Holy Family
  c. 1485, Berlin
• 
  Madonna with Angel
  1495-1500, Pittsburg
• 
  Bartolomeo Biachini
  1485-1500, London
• 
  Madonna with Angels
  c. 1495, Munich

Years 1500-10

• Madonna and Child, c. 1500, 67 cm x 52 cm, oil on wood, Wallington National Trust, Northumberland
• Madonna and Child with Saints Francis and Jerome, 1500–10, 75 cm x 57 cm, tempera on wood, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
• The Annunciation with St. Albert the Carmelite, c. 1503–04, 182 cm x 132 cm, oil on canvas (formerly wood), Musée Condé, Chantilly
• Adoration of the Child, 1500–05, 175 cm x 132 cm, oil on wood, Alte Pinakothek, Munich
• Evangelista Scappi, 1500–05, 55 cm x 44 cm, oil on wood, Uffizi, Florence
• Bishop Altobello Averoldo, c. 1505, 54 cm x 41 cm, oil on wood, National Gallery of Art, Washington
• Crucifixion, c. 1505, 246 cm x 146 cm, oil on wood, San Giacomo Maggiore, Bologna
• The life of Saint Cecilia and her husband Valerian - scene 1 (The Marriage) & 10 (The Burial), 1504–1506, 360 cm x 290 cm, frescoes, Oratorio di Santa Cecilia, Bologna
• Venus and Cupid, 1505–10, 80 cm x 49 cm, oil on wood, Musée des Beaux-Arts de Mulhouse
• Baptism of Jesus, 1509, 209 cm x 169 cm, oil on wood, Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden

• 
  Madonna
  c. 1500, Northumberland
• 
  Adoration of Child
  1500-05, Munich
• 
  Evangelista Scappi
  1500-05, Florence
• 
  Altobello Averoldo
  c. 1505, Washington
• 
  Cecilia / Le Mariage
  1504-06, Bologna
• 
  Venus and Cupid
  1505-10, Mulhouse

After 1510

• The Holy Family, c. 1510, 64 cm x 49 cm, oil on wood, Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest
• Federico Gonzaga (son of Isabella d'Este), 1510, 45 cm x 34 cm, oil on wood transferred to canvas and finally again on wood, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
• Portrait likely Isabella d'Este, 1511, 44 cm x 35 cm, oil on wood, Vienna
• Pala Buonvisi, 1510–12, 195 cm x 180 cm, oil on wood, National Gallery, London
• Presentation of Jesus in the temple, 1510–13, 201 cm x 145 cm, oil on wood, Pinacoteca Comunale di Cesena, Italy
• Virgin and the Child and the Infant St. John the Baptist, 1510–15, 65 cm x 51 cm, oil on wood, São Paulo Museum of Art
• Virgin and the Child and the Infant St. John the Baptist (Francesco Francia and sons), c. 1515, 115 cm x 94 cm, oil on wood, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne

• 
  Federico Gonzaga
  1510, New York
• 
  Likely Isabella d'Este
  1511, Vienna
• 
  Pala Buonvisi
  1510-12, London
• 
  Presentation of Jesus
  1510-13, Italy
• 
  Madonna
  1510-15, São Paulo
• 
  Madonna (Francia & sons)
  c. 1515, Melbourne

See also

• Adoration of the Shepherds (Raphael)

References

Sources

• Giorgio Vasari: Le vite dei più eccellenti architetti, pittori et scultori italiani, Florence 1568
• George C. Williamson: Francesco Raibolini, called Francia, London 1901
• Giuseppe Piazzi: Le Opere di Francesco Raibolini, detto il Francia, orefice e pittore. Azzoguidi, Bologna 1925
• Emilio Negro, Nicosetta Roio: Francesco Francia e la sua scuola. Artioli Editore, Modena 1998, ISBN 8877920572
• Hickson, Sally (2009). "'To see ourselves as others see us': Giovanni Francesco Zaninello of Ferrara and the portrait of Isabella d'Este by Francesco Francia" (PDF). Renaissance Studies. 23 (3): 288–310. doi:10.1111/j.1477-4658.2009.00565.x. ISSN 0269-1213.
• Gillet, Louis (1909). "Francia" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

Further reading

• Pope-Hennessy, John; Kanter, Laurence B. (1987). The Robert Lehman Collection I, Italian Paintings. New York, Princeton: The Metropolitan Museum of Art in association with Princeton University Press. ISBN 0870994794. (see index; plate 91)

External links

• Media related to Francesco Francia at Wikimedia Commons
• Rossetti, William Michael (1911). "Francia" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). p. 932.