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Lembet Mosque

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lembet Mosque
The mosque
Religion
AffiliationIslam
DistrictThessaloniki
RegionCentral Macedonia
Ecclesiastical or organizational statusclosed
Location
LocationThessaloniki, Greece
MunicipalityPavlos Melas
StateGreece
Lembet Mosque is located in Greece
Lembet Mosque
Shown within Greece
Geographic coordinates40°39′39″N 22°56′10″E / 40.66083°N 22.93611°E / 40.66083; 22.93611
Architecture
Funded byHasan Fehmi Pasha
Completed1903
Specifications
Length18,19 m.
Width13,52 m.
Height (max)11,22 m.
Minaret(s)1
MaterialsBrick, stone

The Lembet Mosque (Greek: Τζαμί του Λεμπέτ, Turkish: Lembet Camii) is a historical Ottoman mosque in the city of Thessaloniki, in Greece, named after the Lembet barracks, now known as Pavlos Melas barracks. In 2013, the mosque's original name, Ferideh Hanim Mosque (Greek: Φεριντέ Χανούμ Τζαμί, Turkish: Feride Hanım Camii), was discovered thanks to an old inscription. It was named after Ferideh Hanim, the wife of Thessaloniki's then governor, Hassan Fehmi Pasha. It was the last mosque to be built in Thessaloniki before the city's incorporation into the Kingdom of Greece in 1912 following the First Balkan War.

History

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In 1903, during the last years of the Ottoman Empire's rule over the Macedonia, the Lembet Mosque was erected in Thessaloniki—the last to be built in the city—in the Topşu Kislaçi plot. It was inaugurated on August 18, 1903.[1]

After the Ottoman army was defeated in the Battle of Yenidje (modern Giannitsa) during the First Balkan War in 1912, the city of Thessaloniki was incorporated to the Kingdom of Greece, and the military encampment the mosque was situated in was used by the Greek troops. The mosque itself served for non-religious purposes, but it is not clear when it was officially put to new use.[2]

In 1999, the Greek army started to transfer the jurisdiction for use to the municipality of the city, but this procedure would continue until 2017. In 2003, the Greek Ministry of Culture and Sports declared the mosque a preserved monument.[3] Meanwhile in 2005, work began for the widening of the main road connecting Thessaloniki to the north (Lagkadas and Serres) and the east of the country; the mosque found itself in the middle of the widened road. As a result, the mosque was moved 22 meters along its long axis (to the direction of Mecca).[4] The base of the minaret, however, had to be demolished.

In 2011, restoration works began on the mosque. Although the local Muslim community requested the mosque be opened to worship again, their request was eventually rejected.[5]

Architecture

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The mosque behind the House of the Vicentian Sisters.

Lembet Mosque has two storeys, and a minaret in touch with the middle of the northwest facade.[6] On the ground floor there are two entrances, two vestibules and two chambers, a storage room and a staircase leading to the upper floor. The use of the rooms on the ground floor is not known. On the floor there is an antechamber and the praying room.[7] The building inscription, found on the vestibule of the first floor, is the only thing that testifies to Ferideh's connection to the mosque, and thus Lembet's original name.[8]

The floor dimensions of the mosque are 18.19 m. x 13.52 m. and it is 11.22 meters tall, including the roof (3.22 m.). The area of each floor is 247.50 m2. As for the thickness of the walls, on the ground floor the external walls are 90 cm thick, the internal ones 60 cm NW to SE and 90 cm NE to SW. On the first floor the external walls are 80 cm thick, and internal walls 70 cm NE to SW.[5]

The ceilings are made of wood, its simple decoration achieved by the arrangement of the boards, with additional rods and with relief elements. In the center of the mihrab hall there is a dome in the shape of a cruciform decorated with additional wooden elements. Around its perimeter, alternating rectangular and square sections are formed.[9]

During the 2011 restoration works, the roof was restored, the windows of the upper floor were protected, the asbestos flues outside the building were removed, newer paltry interior walls and dropped ceilings were demolished, the praying niche (mihrab) was spotlighted, parts of the wall drawings were uncovered, the interior wooden staircase was reconstructed, the area surrounding the mosque was clear-cut and coated with grid and concrete, and the terrain was fenced.[6]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Hatzitrifon 2017, p. 1.
  2. ^ Hatzitrifon 2017, p. 3.
  3. ^ Hatzitrifon 2017, pp. 3–4.
  4. ^ Velogiannis 2018, pp. 108–112.
  5. ^ a b Hatzitrifon 2021, p. 51.
  6. ^ a b Hatzitrifon 2017, p. 4.
  7. ^ Hatzitrifon 2021, p. 33.
  8. ^ Hatzitrifon 2021, p. 39.
  9. ^ Hatzitrifon 2021, pp. 62–63.

Bibliography

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  • Velogiannis, Manthos (2018). Η Διαχείριση των Μουσουλμανικών και Εβραϊκών Ιερών Μνημείων στη Θεσσαλονίκη [The Management of Sacred Muslim and Jewish Monuments in Thessaloniki] (in Greek)..
  • Hatzitrifon, Nikolaos K. (March 15, 2017). "The Minaret of Ferideh Hanim Mosque in Thessaloniki: Documentation of the Minaret and the Windows Based on Photographs". Το τζαμί της Φεριντέ χανούμ συζύγου Χασάν Φεχμί πασά [Ottoman Mosque of Ferideh Hanim, wife of Hasan Fehmi Pasha, in Thessaloniki]. Thessaloniki, Greece: Ministry of Culture and Sports (Greece).
  • Hatzitrifon, Nikolaos K. (2021). Το τζαμί της Φεριντέ χανούμ συζύγου Χασάν Φεχμί πασά [The Mosque of Ferideh Hanim, wife of Hasan Fehmi Pasha] (in Greek) (2 ed.). Thessaloniki, Greece: Ministry of Culture and Sports (Greece). ISBN 978-618-00-2867-6.

Further reading

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  • Kalliga, D. (2014). Χασάν Φεχμί Τζαμί: Τεκμηρίωση, Αποκατάσταση - Επανάχρηση. Πρακτικά Ιστορικά Ισλαμικά Τεμένη [Hassan Fehmi Mosque: Documentation, Restoration - Reuse. "Historic Islamic Mosques" Proceedings] (in Greek). Thessaloniki, Greece: Ministry of Culture and Sports (Greece). pp. 69–82. ISBN 978-960-386-194-2.
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