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List of Penn Law School alumni

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of notable graduates of the University of Pennsylvania Law School. For a list of notable graduates of the University of Pennsylvania as a whole, see List of University of Pennsylvania people

Law and government

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U.S. government

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President of The United States

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The 3 Presidents who were awarded honorary doctorate of law degrees by Penn (in chronological order of being granted the honorary doctorate degrees) are:

Executive branch

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Judicial branch

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Federal Supreme Court

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Federal Circuit Courts

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Federal District Courts

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Other Federal Courts

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Legislative branch (US)

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US Senate

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US House of Representatives

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Diplomatic

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Penn Law Alumni have served as (a) United States ambassadors to 11 different nations and (b) foreign Ambassadors to 7 different nations (as detailed below):

State government

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Executive

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Judicial - State Supreme Court

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Judicial - Other State Judges

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  • Thomas J. Baldrige, Pennsylvania Attorney General, Judge and President Judge of Superior Court of Pennsylvania
  • Harold L. Ervin, Pennsylvania Superior Court judge from 1954 to 1967.[193]
  • Gerald Garson, NY Supreme Court Justice, convicted of bribery[194]
  • Carl Goldstein (College Class of 1960 and Penn Law Class of 1963) Retired Judge, the New Castle Delaware Superior Court (Full time: 1990 to 2003; part time 2003 to 2013)[195]
  • Raymond Headen (Penn Law Class of 1987), Judge on the 8th District Court of Appeals of Ohio[196]
  • Joseph L. Kun, Judge, Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia.
  • Peter B. Krauser, Chief Judge on the Court of Special Appeals for the state of Maryland and past Chair of the Maryland Democratic Party[197]
  • Steve P. Leskinen, Judge Pennsylvania Court of Common Pleas (Fayette County)
  • Louis E. Levinthal, Judge of the Pennsylvania Court of Common Pleas (Philadelphia County)
  • Albert Dutton MacDade, Pennsylvania State Senator, 1921–1929, Judge Pennsylvania Court of Common Pleas (Delaware County), 1942–1948[198]
  • John W. Noble, Vice Chancellor, Delaware Court of Chancery

Legislative - State

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Other

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City government

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Non-United States government

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Politics

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  • Donald Duke, former Commissioner for Finance of Cross River State, Nigeria; former presidential candidate; Governor of Cross River State, Nigeria (1999–2007)
  • John Wallace de Beque Farris, (Penn Law Class of 1900) member of the senate of Canada (1937–1970); Attorney General of Vancouver (1917–1920)
  • Raul Roco, former presidential candidate; Secretary of Education in the Philippines (Fellow)

Judicial (Supreme Court)

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Diplomatic

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Academia

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University Presidents

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Other academics

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  • Morton Charles Hill (diplomat) (April 28, 1936 – March 27, 2021) (Penn Law Class of 1960, JD, Penn Graduate School Class of 1961, MA) Yale University Diplomat in Residence and Lecturer[35] and United States State Department Foreign Service diplomat[152]
  • Scott Nearing (August 6, 1883 – August 24, 1983) Penn Law Class of 1904 (dropped out) Wharton Class of 1905 (BS) and Class of 1909 (Ph.D.): 20th-century conservationist, peace activist, educator, writer and economist[239]

Activists

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  • Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander, first African-American woman to receive a Ph.D. in Economics in the United States; first African-American woman to graduate from Penn Law; first African-American woman to be admitted to the Pennsylvania Bar; civil rights activist; appointed to the Civil Rights Commission by President Harry S. Truman[240]
  • Stuart F. Feldman, co-founder of Vietnam Veterans of America[241]
  • Caroline Burnham Kilgore (LL.B.), first woman to graduate from Penn with a law degree;[242] first woman to practice law in Pennsylvania; argued for a woman's right to vote before the Pennsylvania Supreme Court.

Arts and entertainment

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Business

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Media and journalism

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Sports

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John Heisman, a University of Pennsylvania Law School class of 1892 alumnus and rugby football player, posing at Penn in 1891 holding elongated ellipsoidal rugby ball and gestures resembling the famed "Heisman Pose"[260]

Other

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Fictional alumni

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Attended but did not graduate

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Notes

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  1. ^ "Presidential Visits to the University of Pennsylvania". archives.upenn.edu. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  2. ^ The Pennsylvania Gazette page 80 of Jan/Feb 2021 Issue
  3. ^ "Presidential Visits to the University of Pennsylvania". archives.upenn.edu. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  4. ^ "Presidential Visits to the University of Pennsylvania". archives.upenn.edu. Retrieved April 18, 2023.
  5. ^ Smith, J.C.; Marshall, T. (1999). Emancipation: The Making of the Black Lawyer, 1844-1944. University of Pennsylvania Press, Incorporated. p. 187. ISBN 9780812216851. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  6. ^ "Marshall Jordan Breger". .reagan.utexas.edu/archives. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  7. ^ Government Research Corporation; Center for Political Research; Government Research Company (1971). "National Journal". The EEOC Members. 3. Government Research Corporation: 2253. ISSN 0360-4217. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  8. ^ Choices, C.A.C.; Council, N.R. (2011). America's Climate Choices. National Academies Press. p. 99. ISBN 9780309145862. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  9. ^ "GILBERT F. CASELLAS". eeoc.gov. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
  10. ^ "U.S. SEC chairman speaks at Ocean City H.S." Ocean City Sentinel. Archived from the original on July 26, 2019. Retrieved July 26, 2019.
  11. ^ "Jay Clayton Sworn in as Chairman of SEC". SEC.gov. May 4, 2017. Retrieved August 31, 2022.
  12. ^ Medoff, R.; Wyman, D.S.; Eizenstat, S.; Morgenthau, H. (2009). Blowing the Whistle on Genocide: Josiah E. Dubois Jr., and the Struggle for a U.S. Response to the Holocaust. Purdue University. p. 2. ISBN 9781557535078. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  13. ^ Secretaries and chiefs of staff of the United States Air Force. DIANE Publishing. 2001. p. 19. ISBN 9781428990463. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  14. ^ U.S. Air Force official biography at the Wayback Machine (archived February 10, 2004)
  15. ^ http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/finlettr.htm The Truman Library
  16. ^ http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1969/jul-aug/parrish.html U.S. Air Force, The Air and Space Power Journal
  17. ^ Venzon, A.C.; Miles, P.L. (1999). The United States in the First World War: An Encyclopedia. Garland Pub. p. 250. ISBN 9780815333531. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  18. ^ "Class of 1964 Obituaries: William Barton Gray". HR 1964.org. Cambridge, MA: Harvard-Radcliffe Class of 1964. 1994. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
  19. ^ "U.S. Copyright Office Welcomes New Register". Copyright Office NewsNet. No. 857. U.S. Copyright Office. October 26, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2020.
  20. ^ "Shira Perlmutter". USPTO. January 13, 2012. Retrieved September 21, 2020.
  21. ^ "Shira Perlmutter". University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School • Penn Law. Retrieved September 21, 2020.
  22. ^ www.whitehouse.gov
  23. ^ Brittain, Blake (October 26, 2021). "Biden nominates Winston & Strawn partner Kathi Vidal to lead USPTO". Reuters.
  24. ^ "Questionnaire for Judicial Nominees" (PDF). United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary. Retrieved June 10, 2023.
  25. ^ "Robert J. Walker". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  26. ^ "George W. Wickersham". Notable Names Data Base. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  27. ^ a b "George Washington Woodruff". University of Pennsylvania. Archived from the original on April 23, 2018. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  28. ^ "Owen J. Roberts". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  29. ^ "Top myths about the Constitution on Constitution Day | Constitution Center". National Constitution Center – constitutioncenter.org. Retrieved December 3, 2023.
  30. ^ "Arlin M. Adams". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  31. ^ "George Mifflin Dallas".
  32. ^ https://www.ca3.uscourts.gov/sites/ca3/files/3c_history_01.pdf page 278
  33. ^ "John Warren Davis". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  34. ^ a b c d e James Hunter III at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center. Cite error: The named reference "auto" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  35. ^ "James Hunter III". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  36. ^ "U.S. Veterans Bureau Form 7202 Index Card", "United States Government, Veterans Administration Master Index, 1917-1940" database, National Archives and Records Administration, St. Louis, Missouri, available through FamilySearch. Note: information listed on 7202 Index Card is "Rct 2 Rct Co Pvt JAGD".
  37. ^ "Index Record for Harry Kalodner (1896) Veterans Affairs Beneficiary Identification Records Locator Subsystem Death File", Fold3 by Ancestry.com website. Retrieved November 15, 2022. Enlistment Date is listed as "23 Sep 1918" and Release Date is listed as "25 Apr 1919".
  38. ^ "Harry Ellis Kalodner". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  39. ^ Averitt, J.N. (2009). Families of Southeastern Georgia. Genealogical Publishing Company. p. 177. ISBN 9780806350998. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  40. ^ "Max Rosenn". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  41. ^ "Dolores Sloviter". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  42. ^ "Joseph Whitaker Thompson". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  43. ^ "Helene White". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  44. ^ "White, Helene N. Resume". United States Department of Justice. Archived from the original on June 1, 2009. Retrieved May 28, 2009.
  45. ^ "Guy K. Bard". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  46. ^ "Harvey Bartle III". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  47. ^ "Michael M. Baylson". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  48. ^ "Ralph C. Body". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  49. ^ "Raymond J. Broderick". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  50. ^ "A. Richard Caputo". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  51. ^ "James Harry Covington". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  52. ^ "Stewart Dalzell". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  53. ^ "John Warren Davis". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  54. ^ "Paul S. Diamond". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  55. ^ "John William Ditter Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  56. ^ "Herbert Allan Fogel". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  57. ^ "On the Nomination (Confirmation: Jennifer L. Hall, of Pennsylvania, to be United States District Judge for the District of Delaware". United States Senate. October 17, 2023. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
  58. ^ Congress (U S ) Joint Committee on Print (2012). 2011-2012 Official Congressional Directory, 112th Congress, Convened January 5, 2011. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 878. ISBN 9780160886539. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  59. ^ "Abdul Kallon". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  60. ^ Vile, J.R. (2003). Great American Judges: An Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO. p. 322. ISBN 9781576079898. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  61. ^ "Caleb Rodney Layton III". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  62. ^ "Paul Conway Leahy". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  63. ^ "James Russell Leech". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  64. ^ "James Focht McClure Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  65. ^ "Barron Patterson McCune". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  66. ^ "Roderick R. McKelvie". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  67. ^ "Mary A. McLaughlin". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  68. ^ "Thomas Newman O'Neill Jr". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  69. ^ "Football: Harvard 16; Pennsylvania 0". Dubuque Sunday Herald. 1899-11-01
  70. ^ "Homestead 18; Philadelphia 0". The New York Times. 1901-11-24
  71. ^ "New Judge For Alaska". Portsmouth Herald. June 12, 1909.
  72. ^ a b "Pete Overfield Receives Appointment As Judge: He Was A Member Of Old Penn's Best Teams". Titusville Herald. June 12, 1909.
  73. ^ a b "Scholarships for Alaskans: Pete Overfield and Others Bring the Matter About". Fairbanks Daily News-Miner. May 13, 1913.
  74. ^ "Judge Overfield Returning To Fairbanks". Fairbanks Daily News-Miner. May 19, 1931.
  75. ^ "Gene E. K. Pratter". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  76. ^ Congress (U S ) Joint Committee on Print; Joint Committee on Printing (2010). Official Congressional Directory, 2009-2010: 111th Congress, Convened January 2009 (Hardcover). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 847. ISBN 9780160837289. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  77. ^ "Sue Lewis Robinson". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  78. ^ "Juan Ramon Sanchez". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  79. ^ "Ralph Francis Scalera". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  80. ^ "Allen G. Schwartz". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  81. ^ "Murray Merle Schwartz". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  82. ^ "Norma Levy Shapiro". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  83. ^ "Jerome B. Simandle". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  84. ^ "Donald West VanArtsdalen". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  85. ^ "Gerald Joseph Weber". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  86. ^ Lowell, Hugo (August 23, 2022). "Trump stash retrieved from Mar-a-Lago runs to hundreds of classified files". The Guardian. Retrieved September 4, 2022.
  87. ^ "Joseph Maull Carey". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  88. ^ "Joseph Sill Clark". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  89. ^ "George Wharton Pepper". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  90. ^ "Ephraim Leister Acker". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 19, 2012.
  91. ^ "Ephraim Leister Acker". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  92. ^ "Wilbur L. Adams". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  93. ^ "George F. Brumm". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  94. ^ "Cartwright beats out Cummings for 17th District House seat". poconorecord.com. Retrieved November 8, 2012.
  95. ^ "Bernard G. Caulfield". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  96. ^ "E. Wallace Chadwick". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  97. ^ "Joel Cook". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  98. ^ "James Harry Covington". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  99. ^ "Willard S. Curtin". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  100. ^ "John Burrwood Daly". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  101. ^ "James Henderson Duff". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  102. ^ "Clare G. Fenerty". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  103. ^ "Oliver Walter Frey". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  104. ^ "Benjamin Golder". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  105. ^ "George Scott Graham". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  106. ^ "Francis Hopkinson". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  107. ^ "Everett Kent". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  108. ^ "William Huntington Kirkpatrick". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  109. ^ Weigel, David (January 4, 2018). "Republican super PACs surge into Pennsylvania special election". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 10, 2018. Retrieved November 4, 2018.
  110. ^ Nilsen, Ella (March 14, 2018). "It's official: Democrat Conor Lamb wins Pennsylvania special election in major upset". Vox. Archived from the original on April 9, 2019. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
  111. ^ "Pennsylvania Elections-Office Results". Pennsylvania Department of State. Archived from the original on March 29, 2018. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
  112. ^ "So it begins? National groups investing in Pa-18 special election". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. January 5, 2018. Archived from the original on January 22, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  113. ^ "Democratic wave: Republicans are bracing for a potentially competitive special election in a usually reliable part of Pennsylvania". Politico. Archived from the original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  114. ^ "James Russell Leech". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  115. ^ "William Eckart Lehman". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 26, 2013.
  116. ^ "John Thomas Lenahan". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  117. ^ "Lloyd Lowndes". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  118. ^ "James McDevitt Magee". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  119. ^ "Levi Maish". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  120. ^ "Joseph M. McDade". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  121. ^ "Thomas C. McGrath Jr". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  122. ^ "Edward de Veaux Morrell". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  123. ^ "John W. Murphy". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  124. ^ "Leonard Myers". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  125. ^ "Robert N.C. Nix Sr". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  126. ^ "Cyrus Maffet Palmer". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  127. ^ "Albert G. Rutherford". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  128. ^ "Leon Sacks". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  129. ^ "Pennsylvania Primary Election Results". New York Times. May 17, 2018. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  130. ^ Carey, Kathleen (May 16, 2018). "Scanlon wins Dem contest in race for 5th District U.S. Congress seat". Delaware County Daily Times. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  131. ^ "Hardie Scott". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  132. ^ "John Roger Kirkpatrick Scott". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  133. ^ "William Biddle Shepard". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  134. ^ "Edward J. Stack". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  135. ^ "William I. Troutman". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  136. ^ "William H. Wilson". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  137. ^ "Charles A. Wolverton". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  138. ^ "Ambassador George C. Bruno '64 to Receive President's Award for Liberal Arts in Practice". Hartwick College. Archived from the original on April 12, 2012. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
  139. ^ "George Bruno". Mesa Law, LLC. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  140. ^ "George Bruno". Council of American Ambassadors. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  141. ^ "George Charles Bruno (1942–)". Office of the Historian. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  142. ^ "President Biden Announces Four Key Foreign Policy Nominations". www.whitehouse.gov. July 21, 2021. Retrieved July 27, 2021.
  143. ^ "President Biden Announces Four Key Foreign Policy Nominations" (Press release). Washington, D.C.: The White House. July 21, 2021. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  144. ^ Secretaries and chiefs of staff of the United States Air Force. DIANE Publishing. 2001. p. 19. ISBN 9781428990463. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  145. ^ U.S. Air Force official biography at the Wayback Machine (archived February 10, 2004)
  146. ^ http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/finlettr.htm The Truman Library
  147. ^ http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1969/jul-aug/parrish.html U.S. Air Force, The Air and Space Power Journal
  148. ^ "LLOYD C. GRISCOM, PUBLISHER, 86, DIES; Lawyer and Former Envoy Led Tallahassee Paper -- Army Officer in 2 Wars". The New York Times. February 9, 1959. Retrieved May 21, 2018.
  149. ^ "Personnel Announcement".
  150. ^ "Charles A. Heimbold, Jr". Notable Names Database. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
  151. ^ a b "Charles Hill, diplomat, Yale professor and top adviser to George Shultz, dies at 84". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 7, 2023.[title missing]
  152. ^ "Franklin's Legacy: Penn diplomats, University of Pennsylvania University Archives". Archives.upenn.edu. Archived from the original on January 8, 2015. Retrieved November 27, 2018.
  153. ^ "United States Ambassador to Iraq biography". Archived from the original on January 30, 2017. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
  154. ^ "United States Ambassador to Jordan biography". Archived from the original on February 13, 2013. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
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  157. ^ "Faith Ryan Whittlesey". Notable Names Database. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
  158. ^ "NEW PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF ETHIOPIA PRESENTS CREDENTIALS | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases".
  159. ^ "John C. Bell Jr". Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. Retrieved December 11, 2012.
  160. ^ Raymond Joseph Broderick at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
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  162. ^ Smull, John Augustus; Smull, William P.; Cochran, Thomas Baumgardner; Harry Baker, W. (1918). Smull's Legislative Hand Book and Manual of the State of Pennsylvania. p. 278.
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  164. ^ Bartlett, Ichabod S. (1918). History of Wyoming Volume 2. Princeton University. p. 5 – via Google Books.
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  189. ^ "Leo E. Strine Jr". State of Delaware. Retrieved January 21, 2013.
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  195. ^ "Raymond Headen".
  196. ^ "Peter B. Krauser". Copyright October 12, 2012 Maryland State Archives. Retrieved January 21, 2013.
  197. ^ "Albert Dutton MacDade". www.legis.state.pa.us. Retrieved July 28, 2018.
  198. ^ "Pennsylvania House of Representatives Archives". State of Pennsylvania.
  199. ^ "Member Biography: Harry W. Bass". Pennsylvania House Archives. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
  200. ^ "Pennsylvania State Senate - John Cadwalader Grady Biography". www.legis.state.pa.us. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
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  203. ^ Bruce Marks appeared to lose a 1993 election for the 2nd senatorial district, but federal judge Clarence Charles Newcomer declared him the winner of that election after finding that the campaign of William G. Stinson had engaged in election fraud. "Court Lets Vote Fraud Order Stand". The Washington Post. January 18, 1995.
  204. ^ "U.s. high court lets vote reversal stand the second district case was the first in which a federal judge had reversed an election outcome". The Philadelphia Inquirer. January 18, 1995.
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