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The Torchwood Institute (usually referred to simply as Torchwood) is a fictional secret organisation from the British science fiction television series Doctor Who and its spin-off series, Torchwood. It was founded by Queen Victoria to research and combat alien threats to the British Empire, and use their findings to restore the Empire's former glory. To those ends, it acquires and reverse engineers alien technology by any means deemed necessary. According to one of its base's directors, Yvonne Hartman, its nationalist attitude extends to refusing to use metric units.

While described as "beyond the United Nations", the Torchwood Institute is known to cooperate with UNIT (the United Nations Intelligence Taskforce) to some extent. There appears at present to be some sort of rapport with the Prime Minister although historically this may not always have been the case. To those that have come in contact with Torchwood, they are primarily believed to be a special forces team. They appear to maintain this illusion by using false witnesses, or by sectioning any journalists who threaten to expose the truth, and via the use of memory altering drugs. Following a major incident involving the Institute, the stance of the organisation becomes much less confrontational and secretive.